Salinity Tolerance of Blackgram and Mungbean 2 : Mineral Ions Accumulation in Different Plant Parts

P. K. Raptan,A. Hamid,Q. A. Khaliq,A. R. M. Solaiman,J. U. Ahmed,M. A. Karim 韓國作物學會 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.5

Blackgram (Vigna mungo) is more salt tolerant than mungbean (Vigna radiata). This study was initiated to know whether the accumulation pattern of mineral ions in different plant parts plays a significant role in the differences in salt tolerance between the two Vigna species. Different mineral ions, viz. N, Cl, Na, K, Mg and Ca in different organs of two varieties of each of blackgram- Barimash-l (susceptible one) and Barimash-2 (tolerant one), and mungbean-Barimung-3 (tolerant one) and Barimung-4(susceptible one), were analyzed after growing with 0, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl solutions. The two crops showed a decreased but similar pattern of total N accumulation under saline conditions. The tolerant variety of both the crops showed a less reduction in total N than the susceptible one. Leaves showed the maximum while stem the minimum N, irrespective of levels of salinity. C l[-10] and N a+ accumulation increased with the increasing salinity levels. Interestingly, similar to a halophyte, the salt tolerant blackgram exhibited conspicuously higher amount of N a+ in the shoot than the salt-susceptible mungbean. However, the tolerant varieties showed less amount of N a+ than the susceptible one, especially in blackgram. Seeds of both Vigna spp. accumulated the minimum amount of N a+ than other plant parts. K+ accumulation decreased by salinity in most of the plant parts, except seeds. Blackgram showed larger reduction in K than mungbean. The Mg++ increased in leaves, petioles and stem by salinity while decreased in the roots, podshells and seeds in both the crops. Salinity increased Ca++ accumulation in all plant-parts except roots of both Vigna spp. Apparently, the leaves of mungbean accumulated higher concentration of Ca++ than blackgram. Varietal differences in the accumulation pattern of K+ , Mg++ and Ca++ were not clear. It was concluded that blackgram, presumably, possesses a similar salt tolerance mechanism to halophyte, and the pattern of accumulation of mineral ions in blackgram and mungbean was not fully ascribed to the differences in salinity tolerance between the two Vigna species.gna species.ies.s.ies.

3,5-Disubstituted Thiadiazine-2-thiones: New Cell-Cycle Inhibitors

Awwad A. Radwan,Tarek Aboul-Fadl,Abdullah Al-Dhfyan,Mohammed K. Abdel-Hamid,Abdullah A. Al-Badr 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.1

Two series, a and b, of 3-cyclopentyl or (3-cyclohexyl)-5-substituted-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thiones (THTT) 2a-9a and 3b, 4b, 6b-9b, were synthesized to develop new cell cycle inhibitors. Variable and promising in vitro antiproliferative activities were shown with the synthesized THTT derivatives. Compound 5a with a 5-cyclopentyl group on position-3 and a glutamine residue on position-5 of the THTT moiety showed maximum activity (IC50 = 8.98 μM). Compound 5a possessed notable cell cycle disrupting and apoptotic activities with enhanced selectivity against cancer cells, suggesting the potential for the development of new selective cell cycle inhibitors. There is no evident relationship between the cytotoxic activity of the tested compounds and their lipophilicity. In addition, a pharmacophore based study was performed to explain the biological activity on structural bases. A successful model was generated with a good correlation with the observed activity.

Salinity Tolerance of Blackgram and Mungbean: II. Mineral Ions Accumulation in Different Plant Parts

Karim, M.A.,Raptan, P.K.,Hamid, A.,Khaliq, Q.A.,Solaiman, A.R.M.,Ahmed, J.U. The Korean Society of Crop Science 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.5

Blackgram (Vigna mungo) is more salt tolerant than mungbean (Vigna radiata). This study was initiated to know whether the accumulation pattern of mineral ions in different plant parts plays a significant role in the differences in salt tolerance between the two Vigna species. Different mineral ions, viz. N, Cl, Na, K, Mg and Ca in different organs of two varieties of each of blackgram- Barimash-l (susceptible one) and Barimash-2 (tolerant one), and mungbean-Barimung-3 (tolerant one) and Barimung-4(susceptible one), were analyzed after growing with 0, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl solutions. The two crops showed a decreased but similar pattern of total N accumulation under saline conditions. The tolerant variety of both the crops showed a less reduction in total N than the susceptible one. Leaves showed the maximum while stem the minimum N, irrespective of levels of salinity. C $l^{[-10]}$ and N $a^{+}$ accumulation increased with the increasing salinity levels. Interestingly, similar to a halophyte, the salt tolerant blackgram exhibited conspicuously higher amount of N $a^{+}$ in the shoot than the salt-susceptible mungbean. However, the tolerant varieties showed less amount of N $a^{+}$ than the susceptible one, especially in blackgram. Seeds of both Vigna spp. accumulated the minimum amount of N $a^{+}$ than other plant parts. $K^{+}$ accumulation decreased by salinity in most of the plant parts, except seeds. Blackgram showed larger reduction in K than mungbean. The $Mg^{++}$ increased in leaves, petioles and stem by salinity while decreased in the roots, podshells and seeds in both the crops. Salinity increased $Ca^{++}$ accumulation in all plant-parts except roots of both Vigna spp. Apparently, the leaves of mungbean accumulated higher concentration of $Ca^{++}$ than blackgram. Varietal differences in the accumulation pattern of $K^{+}$, $Mg^{++}$ and $Ca^{++}$ were not clear. It was concluded that blackgram, presumably, possesses a similar salt tolerance mechanism to halophyte, and the pattern of accumulation of mineral ions in blackgram and mungbean was not fully ascribed to the differences in salinity tolerance between the two Vigna species.gna species.ies.s.ies.

Axial-Shear-Flexural Interaction Behavior of a Double-Span Steel Beam Under a Column-Loss State Using the Pushdown Method

Nur Ezzaryn Asnawi Subki,Hazrina Mansor,Yazmin Sahol Hamid,Gerard A. R. Parke 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.3

The axial-shear-flexural interaction behavior of a double-span steel beam in a column-loss state is a complex phenomenon that demands more explanation. Nowadays, it is common practice to study the column loss scenario of a double-span steel beam using the pushdown method. Generally, two pushdown methods are commonly used: the Monotonic Pushdown Force (MPF) and the Distributed Pushdown Force (DPF) methods. Many current researchers adopted the MPF approach due to its practical and straightforward instrumentation for experimental testing compared to the DPF approach. However, the DPF approach would better approximate the actual collapse behavior of the structure in a column-loss event since it resembles the proper form of gravity loads. This paper aimed to demonstrate how these two approaches result in significantly different behavior in double-span steel beam collapse, particularly on the axial-shear-flexural interaction behavior. A finite element analysis using ABAQUS software was undertaken on a validated double-span steel beam model. In the MPF approach, the results have highlighted the importance of the tensile catenary action in the overall structural resistance of the double-span beam against collapse. The tensile catenary action dominated the load-resisting mechanism of the double-span beam at a large deformation state and interrupted the flexural resistance development. The stretching effect induced by the tensile catenary action has avoided the inelastic local buckling and allowed for greater rotation capacity on the beam assembly. However, under the DPF approach, the double-span beam has limited tensile catenary action build-up with high shear force development after the plastic hinge formation. The significant effects of the high shear force development on the double-span beam behavior were highlighted in this study.

Synthesis and Three-dimensional Qualitative Structure Selectivity Relationship of 3,5- Disubstituted-2,4-Thiazolidinedione Derivatives As COX2 Inhibitors

Ahmed M. Ali,Gamal E. Saber,Nadia M. Mahfouz,Mahmoud A. El-Gendy,Awwad A. Radwan,Mohamed A.-El. Hamid 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.10

In our effort for synthesis of selective COX2 inhibitors, certain new 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized. It necessitates preparation of potassium salt of 2,4-thiazolidinedione 2, which condensed with intermediate 4a. The resulting 3-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl]- 2,4-thiazolidinedione 8 was condensed with appropriate aldehyde to afford compounds 10a, 10i-l, 10o and 10p. Compounds (9a-l, 10a-n, 10p, 11 and 12) were obtained through the preparation of 5-arylmethylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones 6a-p and reaction of its potassium salt 7a-p with compounds 4a, 4b, and 5. Some compounds displayed significant analgesic activity as compared to reference standards. The anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized compounds revealed that intermediate 8 and compounds 9c, 10c and 10d showed good results. Compound 10c produced no significant mucosal injury. HipHop methodology of Catalyst program was used to build up hypothetical model of selective COX2 inhibitors followed by fitting the synthesized compounds to this model. Compounds 10c and 10d were suspected to be promising selective COX2 inhibitors. Also, compounds (6c, 8, 9a,c,d,k, 10a,c,d,k, 11 and 12) were docked into COX1 and COX2 X-ray structures, using DOCK6 program. Docking results suggested that several of these derivatives are active COX inhibitors with a significant preference for COX2.

Synthesis and Three-dimensional Qualitative Structure Selectivity Relationship of 3,5-Disubstituted-2,4- Thiazolidinedione Derivatives As COX2 Inhibitors

Ali, Ahmed M.,Saber, Gamal E.,Mahfouz, Nadia M.,EI-Gendy, Mahmoud A.,Radwan, Awwad A.,Hamid, Mohamed A.-EI. 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.10

In our effort for synthesis of selective COX2 inhibitors, certain new 2,4-thiazolidinedione derivatives were synthesized. It necessitates preparation of potassium salt of 2,4-thiazolidinedione 2, which condensed with intermediate 4a. The resulting 3-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl]-2,4-thiazolidinedione 8 was condensed with appropriate aldehyde to afford compounds 10a, 10i-I, 10o and 10p. Compounds (9a-I, 10a-n, 10p, 11 and 12) were obtained through the preparation of 5-arylmethylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones 6a-p and reaction of its potassium salt 7a-p with compounds 4a, 4b, and 5. Some compounds displayed significant analgesic activity as compared to reference standards. The anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized compounds revealed that intermediate 8 and compounds 9c, 10c and 10d showed good results. Compound 10c produced no significant mucosal injury. HipHop methodology of Catalyst program was used to build up hypothetical model of selective COX2 inhibitors followed by fitting the synthesized compounds to this model. Compounds 10c and 10d were suspected to be promising selective COX2 inhibitors. Also, compounds (6c, 8, 9a,c,d,k, 10a,c,d,k, 11 and 12) were docked into COX1 and COX2 X-ray structures, using DOCK6 program. Docking results suggested that several of these derivatives are active COX inhibitors with a significant preference for COX2.

A New Soft-Fusion Approach for Multiple-Receiver Wireless Communication Systems

Ashraf M. Aziz,Ahmed M. ElBakly,Mohamed H.A. Azeem,Gamal A. Hamid 한국전자통신연구원 2011 ETRI Journal Vol.33 No.3

In this paper, a new soft-fusion approach for multiple-receiver wireless communication systems is proposed. In the proposed approach, each individual receiver provides the central receiver with a confidence level rather than a binary decision. The confidence levels associated with the local receiver are modeled by means of soft-membership functions. The proposed approach can be applied to wireless digital communication systems, such as amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying, phase shift keying, multi-carrier code division multiple access, and multiple inputs multiple outputs sensor networks. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated and compared to the performance of the optimal diversity, majority voting, optimal partial decision, and selection diversity in case of binary noncoherent frequency shift keying on a Rayleigh faded additive white Gaussian noise channel. It is shown that the proposed approach achieves considerable performance improvement over optimal partial decision, majority voting, and selection diversity. It is also shown that the proposed approach achieves a performance comparable to the optimal diversity scheme.

Implementation of Fuzzy Aided Kalman Filter for Tracking a Moving Object in Two-Dimensional Space

Hamid, Khondker Rawan,Talukder, Azzama,Islam, A.K.M. Ehtesanul Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.18 No.2

The work presented in this paper deals with object tracking problem which has vast application prospects. Tracking of surrounding moving objects is important for the development of a navigation system with proper planning and motion techniques. Because of its accurate estimation characteristic, we have used Kalman filter to estimate the motion parameters of a moving object and then fuzzy logic technique is used to improve the performance of Kalman filter. The proposed fuzzy logic controller is a multiple input system with nine rules to adapt noise covariance matrices based on the innovation sequence of a Kalman filter. We have compared the results between conventional Kalman filter and fuzzy aided Kalman filter. The software based simulation results verified that this unique fuzzy aided Kalman filter has a positive effectiveness for the object tracking problem over conventional Kalman filter because of its capability to recover filter divergence problem.

Resin Capacity of Technical Woven Fabrics: Pore Volume and Pore Shape Simulation

Hamid Reza Sharafat,Mehdi Kamali Dolatabadi,Ali. A. A. Jeddi 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.11

Nowadays, technical woven fabrics are broadly utilized as reinforcement of composites. Resin capacity of wovenfabric is one of the main challenges in laminate fabrication. Resin diffusion during fabrication of the composite is extremelydepended on fabric micro-morphology. The geometry of weave unit cell and its pore are fundamental factors in evaluatingresin capacity and resin diffusion within fabrics. The main attempt of this study was obtaining an approach to evaluate resincapacity of a woven fabric via simulating pore shape and pore volume. For this purpose, four basic unit cells for all kind ofweaves were simulated with the two shapes of tow cross-section: lens and racetrack. Afterwards, 3D shape and volume oftheir pores were simulated using this approach. The proposed approach is established on the base of initial data of fabric suchas tow setts, tow titers, planar density and thickness of a technical fabric. To assess the simulation, three types of wovenfabrics namely, plain, twill and satin were impregnated by epoxy resin using vacuum infusion process. The volume fractionsof the matrix and fibers of real composites were compared with simulated ones. It was demonstrated that the approach withracetrack assumption led to high degree of convergence with experimental results. The maximum relative error of pioneeredmethod to evaluate volume of the pore in this condition exceeded up to 1.43 %. Suitable correlation between volumefractions of the pore and void was observed in experimental data. It is experimentally demonstrated that the void volumefraction of composite will be increased with decrease of pore volume due to difficulty of wetting. In this paper, it is illustratedthat the resin capacity of a woven fabric is a function of vacuum level in vacuum infusion process. For instance, resincapacity of a certain plain fabric could be reduced up to 10 % under 60 kPa (0.6 bar) of vacuum in contrast with steady stateof fabric at room atmosphere.

Nanoparticles of ZnO/Berberine complex contract COVID-19 and respiratory co-bacterial infection in addition to elimination of hydroxychloroquine toxicity

Ghareeb Doaa A.,Saleh Samar R.,Seadawy Mohamed G.,Nofal Mohammed S.,Abdulmalek Shaymaa A.,Hassan Salma. F.,Khedr Shaimaa M.,AbdElwahab Miral G.,Sobhy Ahmed A.,Abdel-Hamid Ali saber Ali,Yassin Abdelrah 한국약제학회 2021 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.51 No.6

Purpose A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that has not been previously identified in humans and has no specific treatment has recently spread. Treatment trials using antiviral and immune-modulating drugs such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were used to control this viral outbreak however several side effects have emerged. Berberine (BER) is an alkaloid that has been reported to reveal some pharmacological properties including antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Additionally, Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) possess potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this study was undertaken to estimate the efficiency of both BER and synthetic ZnO/BER complex as an anti-COVID-19 therapy. Methods First, the ZnO/BER complex was prepared by the facile mixing method. Then in vitro studies on the two compounds were conducted including VeroE6 toxicity, anti-COVID-19 activity, determination of inhibitory activity towards papain-like proteinase (PL pro) and spike protein- and receptor- binding domain (RBD) as well as assessment of drug toxicity on RBCs. Results The results showed that ZnO/BER complex acts as an anti-COVID-19 by inhibiting spike protein binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE II), PL pro activity, spike protein and E protein levels, and expression of both E-gene and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) at a concentration lower than that of BER or ZnO-NPs alone. Furthermore, ZnO/BER complex had antioxidant and antimicrobial properties where it prevents the auto oxidation of 2,2-Diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the culture of lower respiratory system bacteria that affected Covid 19 patients. The ZnO/BER complex prevented as well the HCQ cytotoxic effect on both RBC and WBC (in vitro) and hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and anemia that occurred after HCQ long administration in vivo. Conclusion The ZnO/BER complex can be accounted as promising anti-COVID 19 candidate because it inhibited the virus entry, replication, and assembly. Furthermore, it could be used to treat a second bacterial infection that took place in hospitalized COVID 19 patients. Moreover, ZnO/BER complex was found to eliminate the toxicity of long-term administration of HCQ in vivo.