동해 남부 연안 해역에서 냉수대 발생이 식물플랑크톤 군집에 미치는 영향

김아람,윤석현,정미희,윤상철,문창호,Kim, A-Ram,Youn, Seok-Hyun,Chung, Mi-Hee,Yoon, Sang-Chol,Moon, Chang-Ho 한국해양학회 2014 바다 Vol.19 No.4

냉수대 발생 전 후의 해양 환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집 구조 및 크기를 파악을 위해 여름철 빈번하게 냉수대가 발생되는 동해 남부 해역(울산 정자~부산 일광) 18개 정점에서 2013년 5월부터 8월까지 냉수대 발생 환경 및 식물플랑크톤 군집 구조를 조사하였다. 냉수대는 7월과 8월에 연안 정점(A1, B1, C1)에서 발생하였고, 표층에서 저온 고염의 특성을 보였다. 이 시기에 영양염은 수온과 유의한 음의 상관관계(DIP, r=-0.218, p<0.01; DIN, r=-0.306, p<0.01; silicate, r=-0.274, p<0.01)를 보여, 찬 해수가 분포하는 표층에 영양염이 풍부함을 알 수 있었다. 출현한 식물플랑크톤은 총 186종이었고, 현존량은 5월(C1, $726{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$)과 7월(A1, $539{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$)에 높았다. 또한, 연안 정점에서 총 chl. a 와 소형플랑크톤 chl. a ($>20{\mu}m$)의 농도가 냉수대 발생 시기인 7, 8월에 뚜렷하게 증가한 반면, 수온약층이 형성된 6월에는 현저하게 낮았다. 6월의 우점종은 Pseudo-nitzschia spp.이었고, 그 세포 크기는 $309{\mu}m^3$로 다른 시기의 식물플랑크톤의 1/10 수준에 머무는 작은 크기였다. 이러한 결과는 7월과 8월에 총 chl. a의 증가와 식물플랑크톤의 크기 증가가 냉수대 발생 시에 표층으로 공급된 영양염의 영향임을 시사한다. 이러한 해양 환경 특성과 식물플랑크톤 출현양상은 연안 정점에서 뚜렷하게 보였고, 외측 정점에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 이 연구에서는 동해 남부 해역에서 냉수대가 발생하면 식물플랑크톤의 현존량 증가와 더불어 비교적 크기가 큰 식물플랑크톤의 출현 빈도가 증가하는 현상을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 하계에도 불구하고 동해 남부 연안 해역에서 냉수대 발생에 따른 영양염 공급은 식물플랑크톤 군집조성과 현존량에 상당한 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. In order to understand environment condition and phytoplankton community before and after coastal upwelling, the influences of upwelling events on phytoplankton community were studied at 18 stations located the Southern part of East Sea, Korea from May to August 2013. The surface water masses showed low temperature and high salinity due to upwelling events at coastal stations (A1, B1, C1). Correlation between temperature and nutrients (DIP, r=-0.218, p<0.01; DIN, r=-0.306, p<0.01; silicate, r=-0.274, p<0.01) was significantly negative. This result could be explained that nutrients were supplied to surface water by the upwelling of bottom water. Phytoplankton communities were composed of 186 species. Phytoplankton abundance were relatively high in May (C1, $726{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$) and July (A1, $539{\times}10^3cells\;L^{-1}$). Total chlorophyll a and micro-size fraction ($>20{\mu}m$) increased at coastal stations in July and August, while phytoplankton abundance and total chl. a was much low in June. Dominant species in June was Pseudo-nitzschia spp. of which the cell size was $309{\mu}m^3$. Cell size of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. was smaller than dominant species in other period. Therefore, the increase in total chloro-phyll a and the size of phytoplankton was resulted in the sufficient supply of nutrients. In contrast, these tendencies were not observed at outside stations. These results suggested that coastal upwelling was an important influencing factor to determine the species composition and standing stock of phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of the Southern part of East Sea, Korea.

스포츠 브랜드 아이덴티티에 따른 브랜드 자산 비교 연구

김도균,정아람 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2004 體育學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

The purpose of this study is to identify youth' brand equity with regard to sports brand identity. The subjects included 107 male and 106 female teenagers who live in the Seoul area and who were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected by suing a questionnaire about sport corporations' brand equity, and the subjects were asked to indicate the degree of importance they place on certain variables on 1 5 point Likert scale by the self administration method. The scales were deemed reliable since the Cronbach a for the brand awareness and brand preference, brand association image, hand equity scales were .8325, .7289, .8247, .7582 respectively. As result, the following conclusion were drawn: 1. The brand identity element is important and recognized. 2. The brand which it prepers most was NIKE, character and high class it is with it appeared with the reason. 3. According to the specics of the population statistics(sex, area, grade) each brands showes differences in the brands equity(brand awareness and brand preference, brand association image, brand equity). 4. There was a difference to the brand equity(brand awareness and brand preference, brand association image, brand equity) which it follows in population statistics quality(sex, area, grade) of the outside brand. 5. There was a difference to the brand equity(brand awareness and brand preference, brand association image, brand equity) which it follows in population statistics quality(sex, area, grade) of the domestic brand. 6. There was a difference to the brand equity(hand awareness and brand preference, brand association image, brand equity) which it follows in population statistics quality(sex, area, grade) of the domestic brand and outside brand.

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

A-Ram Rim,Sun-Jung Kim,Kyung-Im Jeon,박은주,Hae-Ryong Park,Seung-Cheol Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.2

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/ 50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were 30.05 M and 20.23 M, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51% and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by 200 M of H2O2. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

A-Ram Rim,Sun-Jung Kim,Kyung-Im Jeon,Eunju Park,Hae-Ryong Park,Seung-Cheol Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/ 50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were 30.05 μM and 20.23 μM, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51% and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by H₂O₂ in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by 200 μM of H₂O₂. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

Evaluation of 8 Flavonol Glycosides in Chinese toon (Cedrela sinensis A. Juss) using UPLC-DAD-QTOF/MS

A-Ram Bak,Jung-Bong Kim,Jae-Hyeong Shin,Heon-Woong Kim,Ga-Hee Jang,Min-Ki Lee,So-Young Jeong,Ho-Cheol Ko 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.8

야콘, 선학초, 자초 추출물 분획의 항산화 활성에 관한 연구

김아람(A-Ram Kim),정귀택(Gwi-Taek Jeong) 한국생물공학회 2015 KSBB Journal Vol.30 No.6

In this work, the antioxidant activity and total phenolic compound content of 6 fractions of Smallanthus sonchifolius, Agrimonia pilosa, and Lithospermum erythrorhizon extract were investigated. The highest total phenolic compound contents of each plant extracts were obtained from n-butanol (13.75±0.21%) and methylene chloride (12.89±1.10%) fractions (S. sonchifolius), ethyl acetate (19.69±1.02%) and water (18.72±0.76%) fractions (A. pilosa), and n-butanol (36.26±1.26%) and ethyl acetate (17.66±0.94%) fractions (L. erythrorhizon), respectively. As a result of DPPH radical scavenging activity in 10 mg/mL condition, the highest activity were obtained from n-butanol fraction of S. sonchifolius (81.06%), ethyl acetate fraction of A. pilosa (86.32%), and nbutanol fraction of L. erythrorhizon (82.6%), respectively. Also, the highest reducing power was obtained same fractions as well as DPPH adical scavenging activity. Overall, antioxidant activity has relatively closely connected with contents of total phenolic compounds in S. sonchifolius and L. erythrorhizon extracts.

중·노년기 남성의 신체조성과 골밀도 비교 및 상관관계 분석

김아람(Kim, A-Ram),최승욱(Choi, Seung-Wook) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.3

This research compared and analyzed the change and difference of bone density by body parts in middle- and advanced-aged males. Subjects were divided into two groups: middle-aged group consisting of 25 subjects and advancedaged group consisting of 25 subjects. Body composition and bone density of both groups were measured. As a result of independent sample test of body composition by group, the advanced-group showed higher figures compared to the middle-aged group in Fat, %Fat, Android, Gynoid and A/G ratio but there was no statistically significant difference. However, the advanced-aged group showed statistically significant lower figures in Lean(p<.05) and Fat Free(p<.01). As a result of independent sample test of bone density and bone mineral mass by group, the advanced-group showed lower figures compared to the middle-aged group in Lumbar total and Whole body BMD&BMC but there was no statistically significant difference. On the other hand, it showed statistically significant lower figures in Femur total(p<.05). As a result of analysis on correlation between male bone density and body composition depending on aging in middle- and advanced-age, there were statistically significant positive correlation in the femoral region and fat-free mass(r=.497, p<.01) and statistically significant negative correlation in Gynoid(r=.400, p<.01). There were statistically significant negative correlation between whole body bone density and Gynoid(r=.416, p<.01)

Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Akebia quinata Decne

Rim, A-Ram,Kim, Sun-Jung,Jeon, Kyung-Im,Park, Eun-Ju,Park, Hae-Ryong,Lee, Seung-Cheol The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1

Antioxidant activity of Akebia quinata Decne was evaluated. Water extract (0.5 g/50 mL) of flowers and leaves of A. quinata were prepared and total phenol contents and radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined for antioxidant activity. The total phenol contents of extracts from A. quinata flowers (FAQ) and leaves (LAQ) were $30.05{\mu}M\;and\;20.23{\mu}M$, while the radical scavenging activity of FAQ and LAQ were 60.51 % and 52.97%, respectively. In addition, the effect of FAQ and LAQ extract on DNA damage induced by $H_2O_2$ in human lymphocytes was evaluated by comet assay. The FAQ and LAQ showed strong inhibitory effect against DNA damage induced by $200{\mu}M$ of $H_2O_2$. These results suggest that water extracts of A. quinata Decne flowers and leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity and protective effect against oxidative DNA damage.

한약재 추출물의 에스트로겐 유사활성 및 조골세포 증식과 분화에 미치는 영향

김미향(Mihyang Kim),김보경(Bokyung Kim),김재덕(Jae-Deog Kim),강아람(A-Ram Kang),이창은(Chang-Eun Lee),서정민(Jungmin Seo),이동근(Dong-Geun Lee),조정권(Jung-Kwon Jo),김육용(Yuck Yong Kim),유기환(Ki Hwan Yu),이상현(Sang-Hyeon Lee) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구는 3종의 한약재(감초(Glycyrrhizae radix), 황기(Astragali radix) 및 산약(Dioscorea rhizome)) 추출물의 에스트로겐 유사활성 및 조골세포 증식과 분화에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 실험을 진행하였다. 에스트로겐 유사활성측정을 위하여 인체 유방암 세포주인 MCF7 세포를 luciferase 유전자를 리포터로 사용하는 에스트로겐 반응성 리포터 시스템을 가지는 세포로 형질전환하여 사용하였다. 상기 세포를 이용하여 추출물의 에스트로겐 유사활성을 측정한 결과, 한약재 추출물이 음성대조군과 비교하여 1.11배~5.73배 높은 에스트로겐 유사활성을 나타내었다. 그 중 감초 추출물이 가장 높은 에스트로겐 유사활성을 보였다. 감초 추출물의 에스트로겐 유사활성은 추출물의 농도가 50 μg/ml 및 500 μg/ml 일 때 각각 10<SUP>-8</SUP> M 및 10<SUP>-7</SUP> M 17β-estradiol과 거의 유사한 활성을 나타내었다. 조골세포주인 MC3T3-E1 세포를 이용한 실험에서는 감초 추출물의 농도가 1~1,000 μg/ml 범위일 때 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 황기 추출물은 조골세포에 있어서 유의적인 세포 증식률을 보이지 않았다. 그러나, 감초 및 산약추출물은 각각 148% 및 133%의 최대 증식률을 보였다. 또한, 감초 추출물은 대조군과 비교하여 alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 활성이 증가하였으며, 추출물의 농도가 100 μg/ml 일 때 최대 122%의 ALP 활성을 나타내었다. 또한, Alizarin red S 염색법을 이용한 석회화 형성능 측정에서도 대조군과 비교하여 석회화가 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 감초 추출물이 골 형성 및 골다공증 예방 효과가 우수한 식품 소재인 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 types of medicinal herbs (Glycyrrhizae radix, Astragali radix and Dioscorea rhizoma) extracts on estrogen-like activities, proliferation and differentiation in osteoblast. Human breast cancer cell line MCF7 was transfected using an estrogen responsive luciferase reporter plasmid for measure the estrogen-like activity. Estrogen-like activities of extracts were in the range of 1.11~5.73 fold to that of negative control. The extract of G. radix showed the strongest estrogen-like activities. The estrogen-like activities of 50 and 500 μg/ml extracts of G. radix were similar to that of 10<SUP>-8</SUP> and 10<SUP>-7</SUP> M standard solution (17β-estradiol), respectively. G. radix extract showed no cytotoxicity against osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells at 1~1,000 μg/ml. The extract of A. radix showed no significant proliferation of osteoblast. However, the extract of G. radix and D. rhizome showed maximum 148% and 133% proliferation effects. The extract of G. radix also increased alkaline phosphatase activity and the maximum was 122% at 100 μg/ml compared to that of control. The nodule formation by the method of the Alizarin red S staining increased compared to control. These results suggest that G. radix is able to perform the bone formation and prevent osteoporosis.

Incidence of Alternaria Species Associated with Watermelon Leaf Blight in Korea

Oh-Kyu Kwon,A-Ram Jeong,Yong-Jik Jeong,Young-Ah Kim,Jaekyung Shim,Yoon Jeong Jang,Gung Pyo Lee,Chang-Jin Park 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.4

Alternaria leaf blight is one of the most common dis- eases in watermelon worldwide. In Korea, however, the Alternaria species causing the watermelon leaf blight have not been investigated thoroughly. A total of 16 Alternaria isolates was recovered from diseased water- melon leaves with leaf blight symptoms, which were collected from 14 fields in Korea. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, glyceraldehyde-3-phos- phate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) were not competent to differentiate the Alternaria isolates. On the contrary, analysis of amplicon size of the histone H3 (HIS3) gene successfully differentiated the isolates into three Alter- naria subgroups, and further sequence analysis of them identified three Alternaria spp. Alternaria tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata. Representative Alternaria iso- lates from three species induced dark brown leaf spot lesions on detached watermelon leaves, indicating that A. tenuissima, A. gaisen, and A. alternata are all causal agents of Alternaria leaf blight. Our results indicate that the Alternaria species associated watermelon leaf blight in Korea is more complex than reported previ- ously. This is the first report regarding the population structure of Alternaria species causing watermelon leaf blight in Korea.