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이윤화,Lee, Yun-Hwa 한국제4기학회 2006 제사기학회지 Vol.20 No.1
인천 국제공항 고속국도 건설을 위하여 영종북 갯벌에서 많은 시추 조사가 이루어졌다. 이 시추 자료를 분석하여 이 갯벌 퇴적물의 수직 구조를 검토했다. 영종북 갯벌의 퇴적층 두께는 대략 30m이고, 하부로부터 기저 사력층, 하부 점토층, 중부 실트층, 중부 점토층, 상부 실트층이 차례로 퇴적되어 있었다. 황갈색의 반고 화된 산화대는 $-3{\sim}-5m$ 고도에서 중부 점토층 윗면 혹은 중부 점토층 내에서 나타났다. 산화대 윗면을 선현세 갯벌층과 현세 갯벌층 간의 부정합면으로 인정하기에는 퇴적 단면 구조의 해석상 어려운 점이 많았다. Many boring investigations were achieved in Youngjong-North tidal flat to construct the Incheon International Airport Expressway. Vertical sedimentary profile of this tidal flat has been studied by analyzing these boring data. The deposits of Youngjong-North tidal flat are about 30 meters thick, and the sedimentary layers consist of basal gravel, lower mud, middle silt, middle mud, and upper silt layers in ascending order. Semi-consolidated and oxidized belt with yellowish brown color, which appears above or within middle mud layer, exists in $-3{\sim}-5$ meters altitude. There are some stratigraphical problems to admit the top surface of this oxidized belt as the unconformity surface between Holocene and Pre-Holocene tidal flat deposit.
조리문헌에 수록된 소고기 건열조리법의 문헌적 고찰 - 1800년대 말~1990년대 조리서 중심으로 -
이윤화,신정규,변영미,김명준,민경종,박성진,송정무,정혜정,Lee, Yun Hwa,Shin, Jung-Kue,Byeon, Yeong Mi,Kim, Myeong jun,Min, kyung jong,Park, soung jin,song, Jung mu,Chung, Heajung 한국식생활문화학회 2018 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.33 No.6
The purpose of this study was to review literature on beef recipes, focusing on 20 recipe books published from the late 1800s to 1990s. A total of 119 beef dry-heat cooking were recorded. The most often used cooking were as follows: roasting 54 times, skewering 35 times, stir-frying18 times, pan-frying11 times and deep frying 1 time. The culinary book that the recipes was Hangukeumsik daegwan (1997). ribs, brisket, rump, bottom sirloin, sirloin and tenderloin were used but all beef cuts were marked as 'beef.' Thus, it impossible to figure out which beef cut was used in the recipe. Chili, green onion, egg, tofu and wheat flour were used together as, while soy sauce, salt, sugar, sesame oil, ground pepper, pear juice, honey, chopped green onion, chopped garlic, ginger juice, ground sesame used as. In addition, pine nuts or ground pine-nuts were often used for garnish.
이윤화 ( Lee Yun Hwa ) 중국사학회 2004 中國史硏究 Vol.28 No.-
王夫之的史論以人性爲中心對具體的歷史現象加以批評. 同時也以政論性見長. 『讀通鑑論』和『宋論』是王夫之對『資治通鑑』重視經世性的論述. 所以, 有人認爲對王夫之. 歷史就是政治史. 構成以人性爲中心的現實政治的內涵的政論與政治敎化密節相關. 所以, 不僅君道·國是·民情·邊方·臣誼·臣節等等. 而且士人的道德心, 學問的態度都成爲王夫之史論的對象. 王夫之史論的基本性格通過對于晉宋之際一些歷史現象的評價表達出來. 在關于東晉之亡國論的評價中. 王夫之主張君臣共同責任論. 他特別强調國家政治的根本是用人和行政, 而타們主宰權都歸于君主. 這表現出王夫之對于君主具有흔强的希望. 但是, 령一方面, 如果君主??負了希望. 成爲昏君或暴君, 王夫之反而主張放伐論. 所以王夫之主張的是有條件的尊君論和相對的君權論. 在此基礎上, 王夫之對君主和王朝交替進行了開放性的考察. 從而表現出思想的進步性. 王夫之通過晉宋正統論對邊方, 夷夏區別等問題的論述. 對明末淸初的現實社會提出警告. 所以, 古今之通義超越了君臣之義基本信念, 王夫之積極評價劉裕北伐論的歷史意義. 王夫之的華夷論旣有以往華夷區別的一般特徵. 還別强調對外抗爭勝利的歷史意義, 以此對自己所處的時代提出警告和期望. 通過對交替期人心向背的正確分析, 王夫之銳利的指斥現實政治中劉裕的????和政治慾望. 王夫之洞察了環繞于時勢中的現實政治的本質, 王夫之對于土斷法實施的歷史背景的了解不甚全面. 但是, 他論述中除了前人所設的賦稅問題, 還提到選擧問題, 這具有重要的意義. 王夫之認爲, 劉裕殺奚恭帝與其門閥背景有關: 顧明大臣所謂的廢昏立明的政治劇的歷史特點與帝位私護的做法有關. 這是王夫之史論批評中的新??之處. 王夫之認爲私??是晉宋之際歷史人物當中機變,無定情的典型, 由此我們可以知道王夫之對那一類人持最爲否定的態度.