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폴리프로필렌 복합소재의 아르곤 플라즈마 처리로 표면층 제거와 젖음성 향상
원종일(Jong Il Weon),이선용(Sun Yong Lee) 한국고분자학회 2012 폴리머 Vol.36 No.4
아르곤(Ar) 플라즈마 처리된 폴리프로필렌 복합소재의 표면 개질 및 특성 변화를 X-선 광전자 분광 분석 (XPS), 적외선 분광 분석(FTIR), 주사 전자 현미경 분석(SEM) 및 접촉각 측정 등을 이용하여 조사하였다. Ar 플라즈마 처리 시간의 증가는 폴리프로필렌 복합소재 표면의 젖음성, 극성 관능기를 갖는 산소 성분, 탈크 함량 및 표면 조도의 증가를 초래하였다. 주사 전자 현미경 분석을 통한 자세한 관찰은 폴리프로필렌 성분으로 구성된 표면층 (skin layer)이 존재함을 확인하였다. 폴리프로필렌과 고무 입자간의 점도차는 표면층의 생성을 촉진시켰다. 하지만 Ar 플라즈마 처리시간의 증가는 표면층의 두께를 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 사출성형 공정 동안, 표면층을 제거 할 수 있는 추가적인 방법론에 대해서도 토의하였다. Ar 플라즈마 처리에 의한 표면 개질 및 모폴로지의 변화는 폴 리프로필렌 복합소재 표면 상에 친수화 상태를 부여하고, 이에 따라 젖음성 향상을 유도하였다. The surface modification and characterization of Ar-plasma treated polypropylene (PP) blend are investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. An increase in Ar-plasma treatment time leads to an increase in wettability, oxygen containing polar functional groups, the amount of talc, and surface roughness on the PP blend surface, A careful observation using SEM indicates that there exists a skin layer consisting of only PP component, The difference in viscosity between PP and rubber particles facilities the formation of skin layer. However, it is found that an increase in Ar-plasma treatment time helps to decrease the thickness of skin layer. Additional methodologies for the elimination of skin layer during injection molding are also discussed. The surface modification and morphological alteration induced by Ar-plasma treatment provides a hydrophilic state, followed by the improvement in wettability, on the PP blend surface.
벨트를 이용한 가슴우리 고정이 누운자세에서 다리내리기 동안 복부 근육들의 근활성도에 미치는 영향
원종혁 ( Weon Jonghyuck ) 대한통합의학회 2017 대한통합의학회지 Vol.5 No.2
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ribcage stabilization using a belt in the supine position during double leg lowering (DLL) by investigating the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the abdominal muscles. Methods : Twenty-two subjects with lumbar extension syndrome were recruited. EMG activity was recorded from rectus abdominalis (RA) and internal oblique abdominalis (IO), external oblique abdominalis (EO) muscles while subjects performed three double leg lowering exercises: double leg lowering (DLL), double leg lowering with abdominal draw-in maneuver (DLL-ADIM), and double leg lowering with ribcage stabilization using a belt (DLL-belt). RA, IO, and EO EMG activity were analyzed via one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Bonferroni correction was performed where significant differences were identified (p<.017, .05/3). Results : RA, IO, and EO EMG activity differed significantly among the three exercises (p<.05). The use of post hoc pair-wise comparison with Bonferroni correction showed that RA muscle activity significantly differed among the three exercises (p<.017), and IO muscle activity in the DLL exercise was significantly decreased compared to the DLL-ADIM and DLL-belt exercises (p< .017). There was no significant difference between IO muscle activity for DLL-ADIM and DLL-belt exercises (p >.017). EO muscle activity in the DLL-belt exercise was significantly increased compared to both DLL and DLL-ADIM exercises (p< .017), but there was no significant difference between EO muscle activity for DLL and DLL-ADIM exercises (p >.017). Conclusion : DLL-belt is a more effective exercise for activating the abdominal muscles than DLL-ADIM exercise. Therefore, we recommend DLL-belt exercises for strengthening the abdominal muscles.
학술연구 : 벤처기업 네트워킹 활동이 경영성과에 미치는 영향
원종하(Jong Ha Weon),이도화(Do Hwa Lee) 한국중소기업학회 2001 기업가정신과 벤처연구 Vol.4 No.1
This study aims to analyze the effects of networking activities on venture business performance. Specifically, this study proposed and tested the hypotheses that the range and intensity(frequency, trust) of networking activities have positive relationships with venture business performance. In order to test the hypotheses, this study surveyed 435 firms registered as venture businesses in Pusan, Ulsan, and Kyungnam regions in Korea about networking activities and other firm and founder characteristics. Ninety questionnaires were returned and used for analyses. The regression analyses results showed significant positive relationship between internal competency and performance. Also, trust with networking sources turned out to be positively related to firm performance, while the relationships between range and frequency of networking activities and performance were nonsignificant. When trust with each networking source was separately related to performance, 6 sources - accountants, research institutions, universities, government ministry, SMIPC, and customers and suppliers - turned out to be significantly related to firm performance. Implications and limitations of this study and future research directions are discussed in the conclusion.
익상견갑의 평가를 위한 "Scapulometer" 의 신뢰도 연구
원종혁(Jong-hyuck Weon),최홍식(Houng-sik Choi),권혁철(Hyuk-cheol Kwon) 한국전문물리치료학회 2010 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.17 No.2
This study was undertaken to develop the scapulometer, a measuring tool for scapular winging, and to determine the reliability of scapulometer. Thirty subjects with scapular winging greater than 2 em participated in this study. Two examiners measured scapular winging using the scapulometer. Standardized measurement position of each subject was as follows: neutral position of shoulder and wrist, 90도 flexion of elbow, and cuff weight of 5% and 10% of body weight (BW) to neutral wrist. The interrater and intrarater reliability were calculated with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval(CI) and standard error of measurement (SEM) at 5% BW and 10% BW. The level of scapular winging was tested between 5% BW and 10% BW with a paired t-test. The interrater reliability was shown to be high at 5% BW (ICC(2,k)=.955, 95% CI=.900~.979,SEM=.07) and at 10% BW (ICC(2,k)=.968, 95% CI=.930~.985,SEM=.06). The intrarater reliability was shown to be high at 5% BW (ICC(2,k)=.921, 95% CI=.842~.961,SEM=.09) and at 10% BW(ICC(2,k)=.906,95% CI=.813~.954,SEM=.10). The level of scapular winging was significantly different between 5% BW and 10% BW. Conclusively, it is demonstrated that the scapulometer is an objective and qualitative measurement tool for scapular winging.
설계목표에 따른 독립형 마이크로그리드 경제성 평가 및 민감도 분석
원종남(Jong-Nam Weon),채우규(Woo-Kyu Chae),이학주(Hak-Ju Lee),심준보(Jun-Bo Sim),신창훈(Chang-Hoon Shin) 대한전기학회 2017 전기학회논문지 Vol.66 No.6
Until now, it has been for choosing most economic result to be generally used for designing remote MicroGrid (MG) system. It is able to make economic benefit by reducing operation cost, but proportion of renewable energy will be minimum. In other words, it is difficult to get an effect by renewable energy because economic feasibility is an only consideration. Therefore, various factors should be considered and design objectives should be are diversified to design proper remote MG system. In this paper, remote MG system is classified into two types according to design objectives, and they are analysed through case study based on economic evaluation. In addition, economic feasibility for each type is analysed through sensitivity analysis according to various factors that affect the design results of the system.