김시습과 성현의 귀신 담론과 원귀 인식

강상순(Kang, Sang-Soon) 우리문학회 2014 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.44

본고는 김시습과 성현이 남긴 귀신론과 귀신담을 중심으로 그것이 내포하고 있는 시대적 문제의식과 개별적 특징, 그리고 특히 원귀에 대한 인식 차이 등을 검토해보고자 작성되었다. 이를 위해 우선 김시습과 성현이 귀신론을 제출하였던 15세기적 상황을 간략히 검토하면서, 그들의 귀신론은 무속이나 불교에 기반을 둔 기존의 신앙ㆍ습속이 여전히 막강한 위력을 발휘하고 있었던 당대 사회에 대한 유교적 지식인들의 이론적 대응의 산물이라는 점을 강조했다. 그리고 김시습과 성현의 귀신론이 지닌 개별적 특징에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 김시습은 치열한 이론적인 변증을 통해 당대의 온갖 미신적 사유들과 맞서 그것을 논파하고 성리학적 귀신론을 제시하려는 목적의식이 뚜렷했다. 반면 성현은 성리학적 귀신론을 정론으로 받아들이면서도 재래의 귀신신앙을 관찰, 기록, 포섭 혹은 배제하는 데 더 관심을 기울였다. 다음으로 김시습과 성현의 귀신론과 귀신담에서 원귀가 어떻게 인식ㆍ묘사되고 있는지, 그들의 귀신론과 귀신담 사이의 관계는 무엇인지에 대해 논의 해보았다. 우선 김시습의 경우 귀신론에서는 원귀의 존재론적 근거와 정당성을 인정하지 않았지만, 『금오신화』 같은 귀신담에서는 그들의 내밀한 원망에 충분히 공감하였다. 이러한 귀신론에서의 원귀 인식과 귀신담에서의 원귀 묘사 간의 차이는 김시습이 이론적 담론과 서사적 담론 간의 차이를 충분히 인식하고 적극 활용한 것으로 이해해야 온당함을 주장하였다. 이에 비해 성현의 귀신론과 귀신담은 동일한 사유 패턴과 글쓰기 스타일을 반복하고 있다. 성현은 원귀에 관한 시중에 떠도는 이야기들을 사실적으로 기록하고 있지만, 그것에 어떤 도덕적 정당성을 부여하지도 내밀한 원망에 귀를 기울이지도 않았다. 이처럼 원귀를 그 기괴함에 초점을 맞춰 객관적으로 기술하는 것은 원귀를 풀 길 없는 분노를 기괴하고 포악한 짓으로 해소하는 존재라고 본 그의 이론적 입장과 연관되어 있다. The purpose of this study is to analyze KimSi-seup and Sung Hyun’s discourse on ghosts and recognition of lemures, and to compare the both sides. Their discourse on ghosts was against superstition and amoral which had been prevalent in 15th century. They should be the purpose of Confucian enlightenment, and took on the basis of Neo-Confucian theory of ghosts. Kim’s discourse on ghosts was very theoretical article. Sung’s article on ghosts was descriptive and concrete. Next, their discourse on lemures compared with stories on ghosts. For lemures Kim Si-seup took attitude of theoretical negation, but recognized meaning of existence in his fictional narrative. Sung Hyun described realistic for lemures, but He denied it’s meaning of existence. Kim recognized and utilized the discursive differences of discourse and stories on ghosts. Sung did not understand cause and purposes of lemures.

유기박막 광도파로형 바이오(칼슘이온)센서의 개발

강신원,박이순,김성훈,김창원 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1955 연차보고서 Vol.1995 No.-

본 연구는 고감도, 빠른 응답특성 및 넓은 센싱범위를 갖는 능동형 유기박막 광도파로형 칼슘이온센서를 개발하였으며, 이와 병행하여 중성 ionophore와 함께 특정 음이온 선택성의 색소(LAD : lipophilic anionic dye)를 설계·합성을 하였다. 유기박막 광도파로형 칼슘이온센서는 감지막 자체를 박막광도파로화 함으로써 빠른 응답시간과 고감도의 특성을 가졌으며, 514㎚ 광원에서 10^-6∼1M의 범위의 Ca^++ 의 농도를 측정할 수 있었다. 또한 새로이 합성된 LAD의 칼륨이온선택성을 분광측정으로 평가한 결과, 광이온센서(optode)들의 변색성 이온감응물질로서 사용이 가능함을 확인하였다. A new approach to the design and construction of thin-film optical waveguide Ca^+2 sensor has been developed by using a copolymer matrixed membrane that incorporates a cation-selective neutral ionophore, H^+-selective neutral chromo-ionophore, and lipophilic anionic sites in the same plasticized copolymer membrane. This sensor is based on absorption measurement, and it makes use of host molecules that change their optical properties through an actual ion-sensitivity recognition process. In parallel, the high ion-selective lipophilic anionic dye(LAD) was synthesized and evaluated. Proposed ion sensor, utilizing thin film membrane which is the waveguide itself, exhibited rapid response time and high sensitivity. And sensor could detect a wide range of Ca^++ concentrations ranging from 10^6 ∼ 1M by measuring the absorbance change at 514㎚ of light. The newly synthesized LAD showed its potential applicability as chromoionophore for optodes and/or thin-film optical waveguide sensors.

Effect of waterlogging on the root activity, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf water potential of soybean cultivars

Kang,Hyung-Soon,Shim,Sang-In 한국작물학회 2003 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

Fe^(3+)-Thiourea Redox 계에서 Nylon 66에 Vinyl계 Monomer의 Graft 공중합에 관한 연구(第1報) : Methyl methacrylate의 graft 공중합

강성구,권순채 영남이공대학 1982 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The graft copolymerization of methylmethacrylate onto nylon 6.6 fibers was investigated in aqueous solution using the ferric chloride - thiourea redox system as the initiator. The rate of grafting was determined by varying the monomer, initiator, and thiourea, the acidity of the medium. The graft yield increases with increasing the initiator concentration up to 2.0×10^-3M/L and thereafter it slows down. The rate of grafting increases with on increase of thiourea concentration. The percentage of grafting increases with on increase of the monomer concentration.

피자두즙으로 제조한 자두 초콜릿의 품질적 특징

강병태, 나성주, 김순희 김천대학교 2012 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

The juice powder of Prunus salicina L. var Soldam was prepared by freeze-dry method as yield ratio of 15%. The juice powder contained the soluble solid of 11.8" brix and total acid of 0.47%. The color of L and a values were 82.26 and 53.23, respectively and the contents of total polyphenolics was 1,280 GAE mg/kg. The plum powder was added to white chocolate at weight percentage of 4.5%. The strength and hardness of the plum chocolate were higher than those of control commercial chocolate but the textures of its were lower than those of control. The stability of plum chocolate to temperature and light were studied. The evaluation of the color, rancidity, visual appearance were analyzed. A values were lowering but b values were rising with the rise of temperature. The light of fluorescent lamp was lowering both of a and b values. The rancidity of plum chocolate was the highest at 30C and the sunlight made it more higher than the fluorescent lamp. The plum chocolate was softened at temperature above 30C but it was not influenced by lights. Also, the sensory evaluation of plum chocolate according to composition of plum powder were determined. Adding 11g of plum powder to 100g of white chocolate was made the best good result at color, taste, texture and preference,

단감 수학과에 잔존하는 절지동물의 제거기술 평가

강창훈,이상명,허혜순,박정규 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.4

우리나라 단감의 수출선을 다변화하기 위해서는 검역문제를 해결하여야 한다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 단감 수확과에 잔존하는 해충의 제거방법으로 고온처리와 air shower 처리의 효과를 실험하였다. 점박이응애를 단감(부유)에 접종하고 50℃에서 4시간 처리하면 99.4%의 치사효과를 얻을 수 있었지만, 45℃에서 3시간이나 50℃에서 1시간 이상 처리하였을 때 감이 연화되는 현상이 나타났다. 단감의 수확과에 존재하는 충은 톡토기류, 균식성응애, 잎응애의 3종류이었는데 균식성응애의 밀도가 가장 높았다. 꽃받침 윗면에 존재하는 충은 100% 제거할 수 있었다. 그러나 아랫면에 존재하는 충은 톡토기와 잎응애는 air shower로 100과 중에서 2마리 수준까지 제거할 수 있었지만 균식성응애는 원래 밀도가 높아서 모두 제거하는 데는 무리가 있었다. 따라서 수확과에 잔존하는 해충을 완전히 제거할 수 있는 새로운 기술의 개발이 요구된다. No quarantine pests are allowed in exporting fruits. To meet the quarantine requirement, it is essential to remove pests from harvested fruits. We tested a few methods to remove or kill the pests on persimmon fruits. The efficacies of hot-air treatment and air shower were tested on sweet persimmon. Hot air (50℃) treatment for 4 h showed 99.4% mortality of Tetranychus urtioae. However, longer than 3-h treatment at 45℃ and 1-h treatment at 50℃ caused softening of the fruits. The efficacy of air shower generated with a compressor (max W.P., 200 lbs; 10-14 sec shower/fruit) in removing the pests on persimmon fruits was tested. Collembolans, fungus-feeding mites, and leaf mites on and under the calyx lobes were the common pests on persimmon fruits. All the pests on the calyx could be removed by the air shower treatment. However the pests under the calyx were resistant to the air shower treatment. Collembolans and leaf mites could be reduced to two individuals per 100 fruits (98% removal). However, the fungus-feeding mites could not be removed by the air shower because of the high initial density of the mite and the shield by the calyx. Therefore it is evident that the air shower treatment cannot remove 100% of the pests under the calyx. Therefore development of new technology is required to remove pests from harvested persimmon fruits.

二次元 壁面 噴流에 대한 基礎的 硏究

姜昌壽,李相龍,權純範 경북대학교 공과대학 1983 工大硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

The structure of a plane turbulent wall jet was investigated experimentally. The aspect ratio of the nozzle which was used was 25.4. The measurement of mean velocity and turbulent intensity was carried out at various positions by use of a hot wire anemometer. The results showed that the mean velocity profiles were reduced to a certain profile when the nondimensional velocity, U/Um was plotted as a function of the nondimensional height, y/b_2. And it is showed that the half value distance can be represented as a linear equation of x, the distance from the nozzle exit. the turbulent intensity, u/U has the maximum value when the nondimensional height, y/b_2 is equal to 1.6 and turbulent intensity v/U has the maximum value when y/b_2 is 1.9.

이대생의 체력 및 건강도에 관한 조사 연구

강지용,김종선,윤남식,이희순,한성일 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1975 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.15 No.-

The following results were obtained from the survey of health status and the measurements of physical fitness of 914 students of Ewha Womans University by means of CMI, which were conducted from October 7 to October 27 for three weeks. The purpose of the research mainly consists in the improvement of university health adiministration and of physical education. A. Survey of Health Status 1. The average Number of Complaints are 26.8 for items A-L, 15.3 for items M-R, and 42.1 for items A-R. In terms of classes, the Numbers of Complaints are revealed on a decreasing scale as follows: sophomores, 44.0, the highest; seniors, 42.6; freshmen, 42.1; and juniors, 40.5. 2. Among all the items, the following figures of average Numbers of complaints per person are conspicuous: the seniors have shown 5.3 for item D, which is the highest; and the sophomores, 0,7, which is the lowest. Among the physiological item, D, which corresponds to the ailments of digestion system, shows the highest rate; and among the items for mental diseases, item M, which corresponds to non­adjustment, is 5.2, the highest. 3. The percentiles on the lower echelons of the Number of Complaints are the following: 26.1% for freshmen is the highest; 22.2% for sophomores, the lowest. The sophomores have shown 27.1%, the highest figure, of students who have Number of Complaints of four or above. 4. The percentile figures of 10 or above of Number of Complaints are displayed by seniors with 2.4% and by sophomores with 1.5%. On the other hand, the percentile figures of 80 or above are revealed by seniors with 5.4% and by sophomores with 5.3%. B. Physical Fitness Measurements The figures for the physical fitness measurements are found as given below: 1. Pull­up Freshmen 18.4 seconds Juniors 9.3 seconds Sophomores 7.5 seconds Seniors 7.0 seconds 2. 100 Meters Dash An approximation of 19 seconds is recorded by freshmen, and the tendency is to be slower as the years go up. 3. Sit­ups The freshmen recorded 13 sit­ups, and the tendency is to be fewer as the years go up. 4. Throwing An approximation of 19 meters is marked by freshmen, and the tendency is to be shorter as the years go up. 5. Long Jump The freshmen marked 249.5 centimeters, and the tendency decreases as the years go up. 6. 800 Meters Run 4'1"8"'(4 minutes 1 seconds 8 points) is obtained for freshmen, and the tendency is to be slower as the years go up. 7. Shuttle Run 12.5 seconds is recorded for freshmen, and the tendency is to be slower as the years go up. 8. Trunk Flexion 18 centimeters is marked by freshmen, and the tendency is to be decreasing as the years go up.

소뇌에 발생한 Nocardiosis : 증례 보고 Case Report

성연상,김상진,박순필,강재규,도종웅 대한신경외과학회 1989 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.18 No.6

The authors report a extemely rare case of primary cerebellar nocardial abscess. Cerebral nocardiosis is rare disease and often fatal, and often fatal, and commonly spreaded from nocardiosis of lung or skin. Total excision of abscess and medication with sulfonamide is the treatment of choice. The patient was treated by continuous external dirainage with intermittent irrigation of abscess cavity by sulfonamide and given with sulfonamide for 10 months.

철봉 드가체프 동작의 운동학적 분석

강순용,박종진,김창욱,최성진 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the kinematical variables of the Tkatchev motion on the horizontal bar and the effects of kinematical variables of 1 phase on 2, 3, 4 phases and the effects of kinematical characteristics of every phase on motion the air and re-grasping. The subjects Tkatchev motion were filmed with S-VHS camera at the speed of 60 fields per second and each field is digitalized to 5 fields with from the sum of handstand motion to landing. The Kwon 3D 2.1 version program is employed to obtain 3-dimensional data. Based on the results of this study, the following conclusions are drawn. 1. In the Down swing phase, the maintenance of great vertical downward velocity is an important variable to achieve large angular velocity of body center and it is also proved that the fast downward motion gives advantage in spreading body joints to get great motion power in the next Whip swing motion. 2. In the Whip swing phase, fast upward velocity and fast angular velocity of hip joint will positively affect upswing movement in t he phase. To shorten the distance between horizontal bar and body center helps effective upward motion as well. These also work beneficially in the next phase. 3. In the Releases phase, fast vertical upward velocity until pull back after curving shoulder joint and hip joint at the whip swing and large change of position of body center are important variables to perform high and long flight duration. 4. In the Re-grasp phase, the maximum spread of shoulder joint and hip and the spread of body center to the opposite direction of it helps body center to stay in higher place and to perform large circular flight motion with extended length of time. This ultimately makes effective re-grasping motion happen and connects next motion smoothly.