SML 초기 동기 및 M-ary 직교 신호를 적용한 DS-CDMA 시스템

홍인기 연세대학교 1995 국내박사

외식프랜차이즈 사업의 장기지향성 결정에 관한 연구 : 가맹사업자와 가맹계약자를 중심으로

홍인기 慶州大學校 2016 국내박사

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants long term orientation between franchisor and franchisee in foodservice franchise system. In a number of distribution channel studies, trust and commitment are main factors affecting long term relationship among channel members. This study assessed the influence of trust and commitment in the formation of the long term orientation between franchisor and franchisee. Also this study tried to examine whether opportunism may affect the long term orientation and identify what sub-factors had an influence on the trust and commitment. The survey was conducted from July 20th to September 20th, 2015. 350 questionnaires were distributed to the owners or store managers of the 14 selected foodservice chains in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. 298 questionnaires were used for the analysis and research model was tested by SPSS Win 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program. The major findings of the study are summarized as follows; First, commitment had positive effects on the long term orientation between franchisor and franchisee. Second, trust for franchisor had positive effects on commitment. Third, control had positive effects on opportunistic behavior of franchisee but relational norms had negative effects on opportunism. Fourth, relational norms, perceived support, quality of communication and satisfaction with previous exchanges had positive effects on trust. Otherwise reputation of franchisor had no effects on trust. Fifth, transaction specific investment, perceived support and relational norms had positive effects on commitment. Otherwise quality of communication, satisfaction with previous exchanges had no effects on commitment. The study provides considerable implications for practitioners in the field of foodservice franchise business, who are in need of long term and better relationship between franchisor and franchisee. Based upon the results of analysis, it is necessary to develop methods for increasing trust and commitment in franchise system. Also future researchers have to do bi-directional studies surveying the franchisor and franchisee's perspective and analyze what other factors affecting the formation of long term orientation.

사람의 melanoma 세포의 이동성 및 MMP-9 발현을 증가시키는 tetraspanin CD151의 신호전달경로 분석

홍인기 강원대학교 대학원 2006 국내석사

CD151/PETA-3 has been suggested to be involved in the malignant progression of cancer. Previously, we showed that CD151 elevates metastatic potential of human melanoma cells. We here examined the functional effect of CD151 expression on metastasis-related cellular activities by using CD151-transfected Meljuso human melanoma cells. Cell motility of the CD151-transfected cells was enhanced significantly when compared to control transfectant cells lacking CD151 expression. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and protein level in cultured medium of the CD151 transfectant cells were much higher than those of control transfectant cells. The enhancement of cell motility and MMP-9 production by CD151 expression was abolished by inhibitors specific to AP-1 activating signal transducers including EGF receptor, Protein kinase C, p21ras, Src kinase, and p38 MAP kinase and siRNAs targeted to Src kinase or p38 MAP kinase. Furthermore, AP-1 binding site in MMP-9 gene promoter was indispensable for the induction of MMP-9 expression by CD151. Also, homophilic interaction of CD151 was found to provoke the adhesion-dependent signaling pathways for c-Jun activation. In this study, we found that the CD151 signaling is not activated only by the associated α3β1 and α6β1 integrins, but also by EGF receptor and PKC. Furthermore, CD151 activation by its homophilic interaction triggered adhesion-dependent activation of JNK, p38 MAPK, and c-Jun in collaboration with EGF receptor and PKC, indicating multiple signaling cross-talks. In particular, expression and activation of CD151 were shown to activate small GTPases such as Ras, Rac and Cdc42, signaling mediators between FAK/Src and p38 MAPK/JNK. Additionally, the CD151-induced cell motility and MMP-9 expression were abrogated by dominant-negative mutants of ras, rac1, and cdc42. Knock-down of MMK-3/6 and MMK-7 by siRNA transfection inhibited phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK, respectively. The present data reveal CD151 signaling pathways and identify CD151 as a positive regulator of small GTPases such as Ras, Rac and cdc42. Taken together, these results suggest that homophilic Interaction of the tetraspanin CD151 up-regulates motility and MMP-9 expression of human melanoma cells through the c-Jun activating pathways dependent of a3b1 and a6b1 integrins.

산업현장 근로자의 위반행동 발생과정에 대한 구조모형 분석

홍인기 한국교통대학교 대학원 2016 국내박사

지난 1990년대 이후 산업재해를 분석한 연구들에서 중요한 사고원인으로 제시되고 있는 위반행동은 조직의 안전분위기와 개인요인의 영향에 의해 발생하고 있다. 안전분위기와 개인요인이 어떠한 영향관계를 통해 위반행동을 유발하는지를 설명하고 있는 대표적인 모형으로 개인요인 매개모형과 계획행동이론 기반모형을 들 수 있다. 하지만, 개인요인 매개모형은 안전분위기와 위반행동의 관계를 매개하는 개인요인(태도, 지식, 동기, 효능감 등)을 찾는데 중점을 두고 있어 안전분위기 요인이 위반행동에 미치는 영향을 설명하는데 한계가 있다. 그리고 계획행동이론 기반모형은 안전분위기 요인 중 관리자와 동료 근로자의 영향을 설명하는 그룹규범과 경영진의 안전태도, 작업압력만을 포함하고 있어 의사소통, 규정의 품질과 같은 다양한 안전분위기 요인을 반영하는데 한계가 있다. 이 연구는 산업현장 근로자의 위반행동 발생과정을 설명하기 위하여 선행연구에서 검증된 개인요인 매개모형과 계획행동이론 기반모형을 통합한 연구모형을 구성하여 검증하고자 하였다. 연구결과 다음 4가지를 파악하였다. 첫째, 연구모형 검증결과 개인요인 매개모형과 계획행동이론 기반모형에서 검증된 영향경로들이 모두 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 연구모형이 개인요인 매개모형과 계획행동이론 기반모형과 같이 산업현장 근로자의 위반행동 발생과정을 설명할 수 있음을 의미한다. 둘째, 개인특성 요인인 연령과 업무경력을 통제변수로 반영하여 분석한 결과 개인특성 요인은 위반행동에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 다른 변수 간의 영향관계에도 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 파악되었다. 이는 위반행동 발생원인을 근로자의 개인특성이 아니라 조직의 안전분위기, 이에 따른 근로자의 안전태도와 안전지식, 환경제약에서 찾아야 함을 의미한다. 셋째, 위반행동은 개인요인과 환경제약으로부터 직접적인 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 연구모형 분석결과, 위반행동이 발생하는 과정에는 근로자의 안전태도와 안전지식인 개인요인과 규정을 준수할 수 있는지와 관련하여 개인이 통제할 수 없는 외부영향인 환경제약이 모두 원인으로 작용하고 있었다. 이러한 결과는 기존 근로자의 인식형성(sense-making)을 통해 주관적 가치에 따라 행동을 결정한다는 관점에서 개인요인 완전매개모형을 최적모형으로 제시한 Griffin and Neal(2000), Brown et al.(2000)의 연구결과와는 차이가 있다. 이 연구에서 검증한 연구모형의 경우, 상호결정론(reciprocal determinism)에 기반하여 인간의 행동은 개인과 환경 간의 상호영향에 의하여 발생한다는 Cooper(2000)의 연구와 자기결정이론(self determination theory)에 근거하여 행동은 내적 동기와 외적 동기의 영향을 모두 받고 있음을 강조한 Griffin and Curcuruto(2016)의 연구와 같이 최근 연구동향에 더욱 부합하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 넷째, 산업현장 근로자의 위반행동을 예방하기 위해서는 우선적으로 사업장 차원의 성숙된 안전분위기 조성이 선행되어야 함을 파악하였다. 이는 사회교환이론(Social Exchange Theory)에서 근로자의 안전보건 향상을 위한 경영진의 의지와 조직 차원의 투자가 이루어지면 근로자는 안전규정을 준수하려고 노력한다는 관점과 일치한다. 또한 자기결정이론에서 근로자들이 안전규정을 준수하는 것이 왜 중요한지를 이해하고, 준수할 수 있는 상황적 여건이 조성된다면 통제된 동기(controlled motivation)를 내재화된 외적 동기(well-internalized external motivation) 즉 자발적 동기(autonomous motivation)로 변화시킬 수 있다는 관점과도 동일한 것으로 설명할 수 있다. 이 연구의 결과는 실무적으로 사업장에서 위반행동 감소를 위한 목적으로 안전분위기를 향상시키거나, 위반행동 발생원인을 파악하기 위한 도구를 개발하는데 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 향후 본 연구모형에 의도(intention) 또는 동기(motivation) 등의 개인요인 변수를 추가하여 검증하는 연구가 수행된다면 안전분위기가 개인요인을 통해 위반행동에 미치는 영향관계를 더욱 명확하게 규명할 수 있을 것이다.

Synaptic mechanisms of memory maintenance and modulation in the amygdala

홍인기 서울대학교 대학원 2011 국내박사

국도교통관리시스템에 적용 가능한 무선 통신시스템에 관한 연구

홍인기 한성대학교 2004 국내석사

濟州道 老人敎育의 活性化 方案 : 老人學校(大學)를 中心으로

홍인기 濟州大學校 行政大學院 1996 국내석사

The education for promoting the elderly welfare is performed by the elderly school (university). There are 14 educational institutes in Chejudo, and 10 of them, as a branch, are under the Aged Association of Korea. The elderly school, in comparison with the population of the aged, absolutely lacks in its number, is not effectively operated, and is out-of-dated in its facilities because of its financial shortage. As lots of groups, like a social group and a religious one, would assume the subject and responsibility of the education, the scrambling phenomena of the operation of the school are appeared. The elderly school does not effectively fulfill its function, because the curriculum of the school is out-of-dated and has no substantative contents, and the number of professional staffs for teaching lacks greatly. In view of these facts, this study aims at revitalizing for the education for the elderly and investigating the actual operating conditions of the elderly school (university), which is operated in Association of Chejudo, and branches of Shi and Gun under the Aged Association of Korea. To achieve the purpose of its education, above all. this study is examined the related internal-external study materials and described the educational aim, principle, content, and method for the elderly After the analytical diagram for the theoretical study would he made. it is tried to find the high variables and the low ones. And the investigation items are decided and the questionnaire is drawn up by this investigation. Being investigated and interviewed 319 undergraduates of 5 the elderly schools of the Aged Association of Korea, 266 ones of them are chosen. By using the inspection method of in the analysis of the questionnaire. the simple analysis of each question and the crossing one between general items and each question are used. The followings are the methods of revitalization for the education of the elderly based on the questionnaire analysis: 1) Maximization of the educational participation. The P.R. activities through mass-media and the commons meeting should he emphasized and also the various educational contents must be developed to increase the presentation percentage. 2) Security and training of professional persons. The regulations, which is systematically distributed professional persons for heightening the speciality of the management staffs in the elderly school, should he made, or the continuing special educe on of the present teaching staffs must be needed. 3) Supplement and specialization of the public officers in charge of the education. The specialized public officers in charge of the educational work of the elderly must be supplemented and distributed. If it is impossible to do so. the continuing special education for the officer should be required. Also, it might he considered for the social welfare office to unify the educational work of the elderly. 4) Varieties of the educational contents and methods. The educational contents for early diagnosis and preliminary prevention of physical illness of the elderly should be involved and the programs for solving the mental-health problem must he developed. Being established the counsel office for mental-health in the elderly school, it is desirable for mental doctors to consult the problem of the elderly. A dialog course between students of the elderly and among it woman group. a young people's group, and the younger generation should he involved into the educational programs. The programs are useful for solving the conflicts between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law and between the younger generation and the older one. The curriculum of the elderly school is desirable to involve the courses for Chinese charaters and loyalty and filial piety to do Volunteering services. As the educational method is emphasized on the field-work. the educationa; contents of the school and Kvoung-ro Dang [a meeting place of a member of the elderly might be duplicated. Ther(fore, it it good to plan the curriculum related to the educational contents of Kvoung-ro Dang. 5) Security of professional lecturers. The teaching staff of the school must he made up of professional persons who majored in pedagogy, social education, counsel-psychology, and the elderly welfare in college, and finished the regular courses in the related educational institutes. 6) Expansion of the educational facilities. The Useless ones of the educational facilities and machine-furniture used in now should he exchanged or repaired. In addition, the facilities for a cold and heated room, and machine furniture, like audio-visual texts, should be fully equipped with the ensured purchase budget. 7) Security of operating funds of the school. For security of the funds, it should he examined to how to organize a society for the support of the elderly school," which is made up of the chief of the regional body, interested persons, and benefactors who work for the good of the regional community. It is desirable for students of the elderly to pay a minimum school fee. And also, it is necessary to have positive connection with the policy planner for enlargement of financial support from the governmental institute. 8) Operation of extension lectures in the regional university. It is indispensible to open extension lectures for the elderly in the regional university. Finally, revitalization for the education of the elderly can be carried out when three of the followings--the operating subject of the education of the elderly. the local self-governing hody, and the social community--have correlative responsibilities for the education.

軟弱地盤의 信賴性 技法을 利用한 壓密解析法 硏究

홍인기 漢陽大學校 産業大學院 2002 국내석사

For the design of the preloading, one of the construction method on soft ground improvement, a deterministic analysis which uses mean values or minimum values of soils had usually used based on the Terzaghi's one-dimension consolidation theory, but the settlement we obtain in the field in real will be difficult to expect exactly, because of the limitation of the number of borings and some uncertainties due to their genuine heterogeneity. Therefore, purpose of this study proposes the reliability analysis method that consider dispersal degree of settlement parameter to do objective probability analysis in the use of reliability method about the uncertainties of soil data cause by various sources. First of all, to know dispersal characteristic of settlement parameters for the area of study, mean value, variance, standard deviation of each factor are determined, they were plotted to histogram. The thickness of the fill was similar to normal distribution, but the others of settlement parameters were showing dispersal. To make user function which appear the relation of one-dimension consolidation settlement and consolidation degree for the residual settlement, reliability analysis was done with surcharge height and settlement about residual settlement by the computer program 'CALREL' which was used in reliability analysis. The results of reliability analysis with variable surcharge height for the residual settlement show that Ps(safety probability) decrease about 20%. In case that surcharge height is 3m, if consolidation degree is considered, Ps is 50% and if consolidation degree is not considered, Ps is 70% . This was judged to need that consolidation degree must be considered, when reliability analysis is done. The results that measured settlements and expected values of reliability analysis are compared for the residual settlement show that Ps of design settlement is 85% and Ps of measured settlements is 57~98%, when the surcharge height is 2.0m which is adopted in field. Therefore, when we use 95%, as a minimum safety probability that is needed in area of study was judged proper to load surcharge height than 3.0m from the result of reliability analysis. 연약지반 개량공법 중 선행압밀하중(Preloading) 공법 설계시 일반적으로 Terzaghi의 일차원 압밀이론에 기초하여 지반 물성치의 평균값 또는 최소값을 적용하는 확정론적 해석이 수행되고 있다. 그러나 지반 물성치 조사의 한계, 지반의 비균질성에 대한 미고려 등으로 실제 발생하는 침하량과 예측 침하량이 근접하기는 매우 어려운 실정이다. 그러므로, 신뢰성 기법을 이용해 이러한 토질정수의 불확실성에 대해 객관적 해석인 확률론적 해석을 수행하여 침하요소들의 분산도를 고려한 신뢰성 평가 방법을 제시하는데 연구목적이 있다. 먼저 연구대상지역에 대한 침하요소들의 분산특성을 살펴보기 위해 각 요소들의 평균, 분산, 표준편차 등을 구한 후 히스토그램으로 도시한 결과 매립층 두께는 정규분포와 유사한 모습을 보이나 그 밖의 침하요소들은 분산된 모습을 보여주고 있었다. 잔류침하량에 대한 1차원 압밀 침하량과 압밀도의 관계를 나타내주는 실행함수(user function)를 작성하여 신뢰분석용 프로그램 CALREL를 사용해 성토높이별 신뢰분석, 침하량별 신뢰분석을 수행하였다. 잔류침하량에 대한 성토높이별 신뢰분석결과 성토높이 3m의 경우 압밀도 고려시의 안전확률은 50%, 압밀도 미고려시의 안전확률은 70%로 나타나 압밀도를 고려할 경우 신뢰분석에 따른 안전확률이 전반적으로 20% 정도 감소하므로 신뢰분석시 압밀도를 고려하는 것이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 잔류침하량에 대한 침하량별 신뢰분석을 통해 계측침하량과 신뢰분석 예측값을 비교한 결과 현장 적용 성토높이 2m일 때, 안전확률이 설계 침하량의 경우 85%, 계측 침하량의 경우 57~98%의 범위를 보이므로 연구대상지역에 대한 신뢰분석결과 요구되는 최소 안전조건은 안전확률을 95%이상으로 할 때, 성토높이를 3m이상 재하하는 것이 적정하다고 판단되었다.

광학센서를 이용한 알약계수기의 계수알고리즘 향상에 관한 연구

홍인기 경희대학교 대학원 2003 국내석사

항문 직장 기형으로 내원한 환아의 수술 후 배변 기능에 대한 결과 보고

홍인기 인하대학교 대학원 2012 국내석사

목적: 항문 직장 기형은 발생 빈도수가 높은 선천성 기형이다. 현재 항문 성형술과 더불어 후방 정중앙 항문 직장 성형술(Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty,pena)이전세계적으로 시행되고 있다.그러나 수술후 변실금, 변비와 같은 배변 기능의 합병증이 문제가 되고 있다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 항문 직장 기형으로 내원한 환아의 수술 후 배변 기능에 대한 결과 보고 및 수술에 따른 결과의 차이를 비교하고자 한다. 방법: 1996년 5월1일에서 2011년 5월 30일 사이에 인하대 병원에 항문 직장 기형으로 내원한 환아 54명을 대상으로 하였다. 수술 결과를 평가 할 수 있는 설문 방법은 배변 점수(Stooling score), 삶의 질(Quality of life survey, QOL)을 이용하였고 평가 항목에 점수를 부여하여 good, fair, bad group으로 나누어 배변기능의 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 배변 점수 설문에 응답한 환아는 총 25명, pena 수술을 시행한 환아는 8명이었고 24개월 이하가 3명, 24개월 이상이 5명이었다. 모든 환아는 goodgroup에 포함되었고 배변 기능에 문제를 보인 환아는 없었다. 삶의 질 설문의경우 6명의 환아가 응답하였고 모든 환아는 good group에 포함되었다. 결론: pena 수술을 시행한 환아들의 배변 기능은 잘 보존되었고 항문 직장 기형에 적절한 치료법이었다. 그러나 배변 기능을 좀 더 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 표준적인 점수 체계가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Anorectal deformity is one of the common congenital deformities, for which anoplasty and Pena are currently the main operative techniques performed worldwide. Patients, however, often complain about postoperative complications such as fecal incontinence and constipation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate postoperative functional outcomes of PENA in patients with anorectal deformities. Method: 54 patients who were treated for anorectal deformity between May 1, 1996 and May 30, 2011 at Inha University Hospital were selected. Patients were asked to fill out questions on Stooling Score and Quality of Life Survey. Responses for each item on the survey were scored. The functional outcome was assessed by grouping patients into "good," "fair," and "bad" outcomes based on the scores. Result: 25 patients filled out Stooling Score. 8patients underwent PENA: 3 of them aged below 24 months, and 5 aged over 24 months. All 8 patients were grouped as "good." No patient had postoperative fuctional complications. 6 patients filled out Quality of Life Survey. All of the patients were grouped as "good." Conclusion: PENA offered favorable postoperative functional outcomes, and seemed to be the appropriate surgical technique for anorectal deformity. An objective standard scoring system for fuctional outcome, however, needs to be developed