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건축 · 도시 분야 융복합 교육과정 개발을 위한 기초연구
홍소희(Hong, So-Hee),유승규(Yoo, Seung-Kyu),여옥경(Yuh, Ok-Kyung),김재준(Kim, Jae-Jun) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.5
본 연구는 건축·도시 분야의 시장 전망과, 건축·도시 상품 패러다임 변화, 융복합 교육수요 증가에 기초하여 경력자·실 무자들을 대상으로 융복합 교육 수요, 교육방법, 교육과정 운영체계 등에 대한 요구를 파악하는데 목적을 두었다. 건축·도시 분야의 융복합 교육에 대한 수요자의 전반적인 요구 식별을 위해, 건설분야와 비건설분야 재직자·실무자를 대상으로 온라인 설문을 실시하였다. 교육수요 조사결과는 세 가지로 요약될 수 있다. 첫 번째, 단기적 관점에서 실무환경과 밀접한 연계성을 가진 학문(세부전공 빈도증가율: 금융(716.7%), 경영(633.3%), 기획 및 마케팅(454.5%))과 기존 학문을 융합하는 것이 중요하 다. 두 번째, 융복합 교육에 적합한 운영방식에 대한 설문결과가 온·오프라인을 병행해야 한다는 의견이 79%를 차지했다. 이에 따라 오프라인 대학과 사이버 대학의 장점을 상호 보완한 새로운 교육방법이 요구된다. 세 번째, 융복합 교과과정내 교육수요자의 교과과목 선택방식은 한정 자유형이 70.9%로 나타났다. 교육과정 운영체계는 건설 실무의 흐름에 맞추어 직무 관련 교과과목을 배치하고, 융복합 교과과목은 선택적으로 수강할 수 있게 구성하는 것이 필요하다. The purpose of this study is to identify demand of fusion education in the field of architecture and urban, according to architecture and urban market changing, product changing, increasing fusion education demand. We conducted online surveys targeting construction and non construction field practitioners so that we want to identify consumer’s needs about fusion education in the field of architecture and urban. Research findings can be summarized in three parts. First, practitioners need to fuse business-related majors (Frequency changing ratio : financing(716.7%), management(633.3%), planning(454.5%) etc.) and traditional majors. Second, the survey results show that 79 percent of those questioned were in favor of switching the cyber and off-line operation methods for fusion education. They require the complementary education system between off-line and cyber education based on education accessability. Third, the survey results show that 70.9 percent of those questioned were in favor of limited freestyle(Freedom of choices without required subjects). The curriculum should be arranged according to the flow of construction business process including fusion subjects
Expression of Cellular Oncogenes in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Human Urinary Bladder
윤호섭,서정선,홍소희 한국유전학회 1986 Genes & Genomics Vol.8 No.1
DNA sequences homologous to the known viral oncogenes (v-onc) of certain retroviruses have been found in a variety of normal uninfected cells, including those of man. These genestermed cellular oncogenes (c-onc) appear to have been the evolutionary progenitors of the v-onc genes. It is suggested that cellular oncogenes may possess an oncogenic potential because of the structural similarity between c-onc genes and their viral homologues. One line of evidence supporting this idea is that transforming genes in human tumor cell lines and tumors have been identified as the c-onc genes known as c-ras^(Ha) and c-ras^(Ki). Activation of cellular oncogene found in human urinary bladder carcinoma seems to be activated by point mutation. Furthermore, considering the multistep carcinogenesis in human tumor in vitro, it seems to be very important to the expression level of multiple c-onc genes in freshly obtained human tumors. We, therefore, investigated the level of gene expression of five c-onc genes (c-ras^(Ha), c-ras^(Ki), c-myb, c-myc and c-fps) in 6 transitional cell carcinomas of human urinary bladder, using the presence of messenger RNA(mRNA) transcripts as a parameter of gene expression. DNA probes used in DNA-RNA hybridization technique were all cellular oncogenes except ras^(Ki) gene (v-ras^(Ki)). More than one cellular oncogenes are transcriptionally active in all of tumors examined and transcriptional activity of certain oncogenes was greater in the malignant than the normal tissue.