청소년을 대상으로 한 원격 심리치료 프로그램의 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석 연구

허향미,최은실 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2023 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.36 No.3

This systematic literature review and meta-analysis investigated the current status of literature on teletherapy interventions for adolescents. This study explored characteristics and effects of the interventions to provide a basis for the development of teletherapy program for adolescents. Data collection and analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, and the articles analyzed were selected according to the PICOS questions commonly used in clinical practice. The titles and abstracts of studies published during1986–2022 were searched on PubMed and reviewed, Twenty-three articles were selected. A meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively review the results of these studies. The systematic literature review showed that research had been actively conducted since 2020, and cognitive behavioral therapy-based teletherapy was the most common. The meta-analysis found that among the outcome indicators, well-being, rumination, anxiety, and depression had moderate effect sizes, whereas the effect size of emotional control was not significant. The overall effect size was .448 (.374–.522), indicating a moderate effect, and suggesting that teletherapy is effective for adolescents who experiencing difficulties with emotional behaviors.

용액에 따른 자동분주기의 분주능력 평가와 분주력 향상 실험

백향미,김영산,윤선희,허의성,김호신,류형기,이귀원,Back, Hyangmi,Kim, Youngsan,Yun, Sunhee,Heo, Uisung,Kim, Hosin,Ryu, Hyeonggi,Lee, Guiwon 대한핵의학기술학회 2016 핵의학 기술 Vol.20 No.2

Purpose In a cyclosporine experiment using a robotic liquid handing system has found a deviation of its standard curve and low reproducibility of patients's results. The difference of the test is that methanol is mixed with samples and the extractions are used for the test. Therefore, we assumed that the abnormal test results came from using methanol and conducted this test. In a manual of a robotic liquid handling system mentions that we can choose several setting parameters depending on the viscosity of the liquids being used, the size of the sampling tips and the motor speeds that you elect to use but there's no exact order. This study was undertaken to confirm pipetting ability depending on types of liquids and investigate proper setting parameters for the optimum dispensing ability. Materials and Methods 4types of liquids(water, serum, methanol, PEG 6000(25%)) and $TSH^{125}I$ tracer(515 kBq) are used to confirm pipetting ability. 29 specimens for Cyclosporine test are used to compare results. Prepare 8 plastic tubes for each of the liquids and with multi pipette $400{\mu}l$ of each liquid is dispensed to 8 tubes and $100{\mu}l$ of $TSH^{125}I$ tracer are dispensed to all of the tubes. From the prepared samples, $100{\mu}l$ of liquids are dispensed using a robotic liquid handing system, counted and calculated its CV(%) depending on types of liquids. And then by adjusting several setting parameters(air gap, dispense time, delay time) the change of the CV(%)are calcutated and finds optimum setting parameters. 29 specimens are tested with 3 methods. The first(A) is manual method and the second(B) is used robotic liquid handling system with existing parameters. The third(C) is used robotic liquid handling system with adjusted parameters. Pipetting ability depending on types of liquids is assessed with CV(%). On the basis of (A), patients's test results are compared (A)and(B), (A)and(C) and they are assessed with %RE(%Relative error) and %Diff(%Difference). Results The CV(%) of the CPM depending on liquid types were water 0.88, serum 0.95, methanol 10.22 and PEG 0.68. As expected dispensing of methanol using a liquid handling system was the problem and others were good. The methanol's dispensing were conducted by adjusting several setting parameters. When transport air gap 0 was adjusted to 2 and 5, CV(%) were 20.16, 12.54 and when system air gap 0 was adjusted to 2 and 5, CV(%) were 8.94, 1.36. When adjusted to system air gap 2, transport air gap 2 was 12.96 and adjusted to system air gap 5, Transport air gap 5 was 1.33. When dispense speed was adjusted 300 to 100, CV(%) was 13.32 and when dispense delay was adjusted 200 to 100 was 13.55. When compared (B) to (A), the result increased 99.44% and %RE was 93.59%. When compared (C-system air gap was adjusted 0 to 5) to (A), the result increased 6.75% and %RE was 5.10%. Conclusion Adjusting speed and delay time of aspiration and dispense was meaningless but changing system air gap was effective. By adjusting several parameters proper value was found and it affected the practical result of the experiment. To optimize the system active efforts are needed through the test and in case of dispensing new types of liquids proper test is required to check the liquid is suitable for using the equipment. 1. 목적 자동분주기를 이용하여 검사한 Cyclosporine검사에서 표준액들이 curve를 벗어나고, 결과값의 재현성이 크게 떨어지는 것이 발견되었다. Cyclosporine검사는 다른 검사와 차이점이 methanol과 전혈을 혼합 후 원심분리 하여 methanol 추출액을 사용하여 검사를 한다는 것이다. 검사 결과 이상의 원인이 methanol 사용에 의한 것으로 파악되어 본 실험을 시작하였다. 본원에서 사용하는 분주기는 Perkin Elmer 사의 Multiprobe II plus 로, 분주하는 액체의 점도, 샘플링 tip의 size, 사용하는 모터의 속도에 따라 여러 설정값을 조정하라고 안내되어 있을 뿐 정확한 지침은 없었다. 이에 사용하는 액체별 분주성능을 측정하고 최적의 분주성능을 위한 설정값을 찾기 위해 연구하였다. 2. 대상 및 방법 분주력 측정을 위해 4가지 용액(water, serum, methanol, PEG 6000(25%))와 $TSH^{125}I$ tracer (515 kBq)을 사용 하였고, 실제 결과 값을 비교하기 위해 2016년 1월에 본원에 검사 의뢰된 Cyclosporine검체 29개를 측정하였다. 4가지의 용액을 multi pipette을 이용하여 각각 $400{\mu}l$ 분주하고 tracer $100{\mu}l$씩을 섞어 용액별로 8개의 검체를 준비하였다. 준비된 sample을 분주기로 $100{\mu}l$씩 분주하여 CPM을 측정하고, 용액별로 CV(%)를 계산하였다. 그리고 분주기의 air gap, 분주속도와 지연시간을 변경한 후 다시 분주하여 측정한 CPM을 CV(%)로 계산하여 설정 값 변경에 따른 CV(%)값의 변화를 측정하여 최적의 설정 값을 찾는다. Cyclosporine검체 29개를 (1)manual검사 (2)기존 설정 값으로 검사 (3)수정한 설정값으로 검사 했을 때의 결과를 비교하였다. 용액별 분주력 평가는 CV(%)를 이용하여 계산하였고, 실제 검사 결과 값의 비교는 manual검사 결과를 기준으로 기존 설정 값으로 검사 했을 때, 수정한 설정 값으로 검사 했을 때의 결과 값을 Difference(%)와 상대오차(%Relative error : %RE)로 비교해 보았다. 3. 결과 4가지 용액과 tracer를 섞어 분주한 CPM의 CV(%)는 water 0.88, serum 0.95, methanol 10.22, PEG는 0.68로 methanol을 제외한 용액들은 1% 이내였으나, methanol은 CPM 차이가 두드러졌다. methanol 분주를 기존 설정 값인 Transport air gap 0에서 2와 5로 변경하여 검사 시 CV(%)는 각각 20.16, 12.54, System air gap 0에서 2와 5로 변경 시 8.94, 1.36으로 나타났다. System air gap 2, Transport air gap 2로 변경 시 CV(%)는 12.96, System air gap 5, Transport air gap 5로 변경 시 1.33 이었고, Dispense speed를 300에서 100으로 변경 시 CV(%)는 13.32, Dispense delay를 200에서 100으로 변경 시는 13.55인 것으로 나타났다. 분주기를 이용하여 기존설정 값으로 검사 시에는 manual검사 결과 값에 비해 평균 99.44%증가 하였고, 상대오차는 93.59%로 나타났다. 수정된 설정 값(System air gap 0에서 5로 변경, 다른 설정은 기존과 동일)으로 검사 했을 때는 manual검사 결과 값에 비해 결과가 평균 6.75% 증가 하였고, 상대오차는 5.10%로 상대오차의 허용기준치 10%에 비하여 양호한 결과가 나왔다. 4. 결론 Transport air gap, Dispense speed, Delay time을 조정하였을 때는 CV(%)가 증가하였고, System air gap을 조정 하였을 때 CV(%)가 현저하게 감소하였다. 실제 검사결과에서도 이를 확인 할 수 있었다. methanol을 이용한 Cyclosporine검사 kit는 올해 2월에 단종이 되었지만, 분주기를 사용함에 있어 용액에 따른 분주성능에 차이가 있을 수 있음을 염두해 두어야 하고 새로운 용액을 분주해야 할때는 미량저울로 분주량을 측정하거나 CPM으로 분주성능을 측정하여 해당 용액이 분주기

정신과 입원환자의 공격성 예측도구 개발

송인숙,한영숙,허향미,이정혜 병원간호사회 2005 임상간호연구 Vol.10 No.2

Purpose: This study was to develop and validate the scale to predict aggression of psychiatric inpatients. Method: The first phase of the study; 50 staffs(nurse, physician, clinical psychologist) were interviewed to provide narrative data, from which 53 items were developed. Content validity was judged by 15 nurses(who worked more than 5 years) and 2 professionals. This preliminary questionnaire was administered to 350 nurses who worked more than 2 years. Item analysis and factor analysis were carried out to validate violence predicting scale. Cronbach's α was used to test reliability of the scale. For data analysis, SPSS WIN 11.0/PC was used. Result: As a result of the item analysis, 42 items were selected from the total of 53 items and three factors were extracted by factor analysis. Three factors were labeled as `Hostile verbal expression', 'Latent resistance', and 'aggressive behavior'. Three factors were explained by 69.449% out of the total variance. The first factor explained 54.629% and the second factor explained 10.079%. The second factor were not mentioned in other study but important factor for aggression prediction in psychiatric inpatient. And the third factor explained 4.741%. Cronbach's α coefficient of the tool was .9830. Conclusion: The scale is identified to be a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized for assessment of aggression for psychiatric inpatient.

정신과 입원환자의 공격성 예측도구 개발

송인숙,한영숙,허향미,이정혜 대한간호협회 2005 대한간호 Vol.44 No.1

Purpose: This study was to develop and validate the scale to predict aggression of psychiatric inpatients. Method : The first phase of the study: 50 staffs[nurse, physician, clinical, psychologist] were interviewed to provide narrative data, from which 53 items were developed. Content validity was judged by 15 nurses[who worked more than 5 years]and 2 professionals. This preliminary questionnaire was administered to 350 nurses who worked more than 2 years. Item analysis and factor analysis were carried out to validate violence predicting scale. Cronbach's a was used to test reliability of the scale. For data analysis, SPSS WIN 11.0/PC was used. Result: As a result of the item analysis, 42 items were selected from the total of 53 items and three factors were extracted by factor analysis. Three factors were labeled as 'Hostile verbal expression', 'Latent resistance' and 'aggressive behavior', Three factors were explained by 69.449% out of the total variance. The first factor explained 54.629% and the second factor explained 10.079%. The second factor were not mentioned in other study but important factor for aggression prediction in psychiatric inpatient. And the third factor explained 4.741%. Cronbach's a coefficient of the tool was .9830. Conclusion : The scale was identified to be a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized for assessment of aggression for psychiatric inpatient.