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RAPD를 이용한 돈육 가공장의 Listeria 오염양상 분석
하승열,최원상,박경진,홍종해,Ha, Sung-Yeol,Choi, Weon-Sang,Bahk, Gyung-Jin,Hong, Chong-Hae 대한수의학회 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.3
This study was carried out to understand the contamination patterns of Listeria in pork processing plants. A total of 402 samples were collected from carcass, pork during processing, surfaces of equipment and environment, and 238 isolates of Listeria species were identified. L. innocua was found in 64.7% of the isolates, L. monocytogenes in 33.2%, and L. welshimeri in 2.1%. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis performed to investigate the origin and routes of Listeria contamination, showed 21 composite types of L. monocytogenes and 26 composite types of L. innocua. It was confirmed that Listeria contamination begins with contaminated incoming carcass and ever-present contaminants in the processing environments. The persistence and dissemination of the same strain of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua throughout the processing line revealed that the sanitation standard operating procedure should be implemented to minimize the risk of colonization in the workplace. Molecular subtyping of L. innocua allowed us to tracing the possibility of cross-contamination during processing.
강정한,하승열,강경근,정은희 한국사회학회 2009 한국사회학회 사회학대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.2
When cultural tastes are not neutral but hierarchically matched to social classes, people assimilate themselves to higher classes by luxury consumption while distinguishing themselves from lower classes by developing new tastes. Extending a Cucker-Smale model for mutual influence among agents, we examine when and how cultural classes emerge from continuous distributions of tastes, through the assimilation-distinction (A-D) mechanism. We develop two different models, a local AD model and a global A-D model, and simulate the models, given various ranges of two parameters: (1) the strength and (2) the range of distinction relative to assimilation. In local AD models, both larger strength and larger range result to finer differentiation of tastes. Emerging classes are not clearly observed in local AD models. In global AD models, we observe flocking tastes and emerging cultural classes, whose number depends on the strength of distinction. Distance between classes depend on the range of distinction. Most notably, these characteristics of cultural classes in global AD models little depend on the initial distributions of cultural tastes, whether uniform, normal, or chi-square. Our findings may explain why luxury consumption is widely popularized across different cultures in the contemporary society.