소공성 및 표재성 뇌경색에서의 FLAIR영상과 T2강조영상의 비교$^1$

최혜영,임수미,Choe, Hye-Yeong,Im, Su-Mi 대한영상의학회 2003 대한영상의학회지 Vol.48 No.1

목적: 구역 뇌경색 (territory infarction)과 소공성 뇌경색 (lacunar infarction)의 진단시 Fluid Attenulated Inversion Recovery(FLAIR)영상의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 전체 54명 중 20명의 25병소의 구역 뇌경색과 40명의 57 소공성 뇌경색, 32명 의 혈관주위 확장공간을 가진 환자를 대상으로 Fast Spin Echo(FSE)T2강조영상과 FLAIR 영상을 비교하여 병변의 명확도를 후향적으로 분석하였으며 소공성 뇌경색과 혈관주위 확장공간에서 T2강조영상과 FLAIR 영상의 신호강도로 감별이 가능한지를 알아보았다. 결과: 구역 뇌경색의 25병소의 경우 12예는 FLAIR 영상이 T2강조영상에 비해 병변 명확도가 우세하였고 9예는 비슷한 정도를 보여 대부분의 예에서 FLAIR 영상이 T2강조영상에 비해 우세하거나 동일한 정도를 보였다. 소공성 뇌경색은 15예에서 FLAIR가 T2강조영상에 비해 우세, 24예는 열, 16예는 동일한 정도의 병변 명확도를 보여 FLAIR와 T2강조영상 사이의 명확도에 차이가 없었다. 구역 뇌경색과 소공성 뇌경색에서 각각 9예,4예에서 출혈이 동반되었다. 혈관주위 확장공간은 FLAIR 영상에서 가장자리 고신호강도가 없는 소공성 저신호강도로 보인 경우가 17예, 등신호강도로 보인 경우가 15예로 가장자리에 고신호강도의 환을 가지는 내부의 저신호 강도 (24예)나 고신호강도로 보이는 (33예)소공성 뇌경색과 구별이 가능하였다. 결론: FLAIR 영상은 뇌경색을 진단하는데 필요한 영상기법이며 특히 소공성 뇌경색과 혈관주위 확장공간을 감별하는데 유용하였다. Purpose: To assess the significance of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of intracranial infarctions and to find out differential points between central lacunar infarctions and perivascular spaces. Materials and Methods: We consecutively selected 25 cases of territorial infarction in 20 patients, 37 cases of central infarction in 40 patients, and 30 patients with perivascular space. Signal intensity and lesion conspicuity were analyzed and compared between FLAIR and FSE T2-weighted images, and differences in signal intensity between central infarction and perivascular spaces were determined. Results: Lesion conspicuity for FLAIR was better than for T2-weighted images in 12 and 15, worse in 4 and 24, and similar in 9 and 16 of territorial and central infarctions, respectively. In nine cases of territorial and one case of central infarction, there was associated hemorrhage. At FLAIR imaging, perivascular spaces showed a fine round low signal without a peripheral high signal rim in 17 patients but no demonstrable signals in 15. Differential diagnosis of perivascular spaces and central infarction was thus not difficult. Conclusion: FLAIR MRI was useful in the diagnosis of infarctions and in differentiating between central small lacular infarctions and perivascular spaces.

기자의 눈으로 본 대학의 연구윤리

최혜영,Choe, Hye-Yeong 한국대학교육협의회 2006 大學敎育 Vol.144 No.-

최근 '황우석 사태'로 명명된 줄기세포 조작 사건, 김병준 전 교육부총리의'논문 표절'문제 등으로 인해 학계의 연구윤리 문제가 새롭게 조명되고 있다. 연구윤리 문제는 개개인의 문제로 치부되는 경향이 있는데, 보다 원론적인 문제를 찾자면 천편일률적으로 화려한 성과만을 요구하는 우리나라의 사회적 분위기를 들 수 있을 것이다. 연구윤리는 연구를 하는 사람이 당연히 갖춰야 할 소양이며 연구윤리에 대한 가이드라인이나 윤리규정을 새롭게 조직하는 것도 중요하지만, 그보다 앞서 해이해진 연구윤리 의식을 재설정하는 것이 급선무이며 보다 근본적인 문화적 차원에서의 변화를 시도해야 할 것이다.

α, β, γ-키틴으로 제조한 키토산의 특성

최혜영 ( Choe Hye Yeong ),김태형 ( Kim Tae Hyeong ),손소희 ( Son So Hui ),공병기 ( Gong Byeong Gi ),최창용 ( Choe Chang Yong ),김동곤 ( Kim Dong Gon ),장미경 ( Jang Mi Gyeong ),노홍균 ( No Hong Gyun ),나재운 ( Na Jae Un ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2004 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구에서는 천연자원으로부터 α-, β- 및 γ-chitin을 분리하였고, 이를 이용하여 α-, β- 및 γ-chitosan을 제조하였다. 원재료의 화학적 조성과 chitin과 chitosan의 일반성분을 분석하였으며 상대점도측정과 Kina 적정법을 이용하여 점도평균분자량과 탈아세틸화도를 측정하였고 FT-IR spectrophotometer, soild state CP/MAS ^(13)C NMR spectrophotometer 에 의해 α-, β- 및 γ-chitin과 chitosan의 제조를 확인하였다. α-, β- 및 γ-chitin의 각각의 분자량이 701, 612 그리고 524 kDa으로 측정되었으며 α-, β-및 γ-chitosan의 분자량이 603, 607, 329 kDa임을 확인하였다. α-, β-및 γ-chitin의 탈아세틸화도가 21.8%, 3?.3% 그리고 44.7%로 확인되었고 α-, β- 및 γ-chitosan의 탈아세틸화도가 97.1%, 99.2%, 그리고 96.6% 임을 확인하였다. Chitin의 FT-IR 스펙트럼에서 amide I에서의 흡수 밴드가 α-chitin에 있어서는 이중선으로, β-chitin에 있어서는 단일선으로 나타났으며 γ-chitin에서는 α-, β-chitin의 중간형태로 나타났음을 확인하였다. Chitosan의 FT-IR 스펙트럼에서 탈아세틸화 반응에 의해 amide Ⅰ과 amide Ⅱ의 흡수 피크가 현저히 감소하였음을 확인하였다. Chitin의 Solide state CP/MAS ^(13)C NMR 스펙트럼결과에서 α-chitin의 경우 C3과 C5의 피크가 각각 73과 75 ppm에서 나타났으며 β-chitin은 74 ppm에서 단일선으로 나타났고, γ-chitin의 경우 C3과 C5의 흡수피크가 α-chitin과 유사한 형태의 피크를 나타내었다. Chitosan의 Soilde state CP/MAS ^(13) NMR 스펙트럼에서 C1~C6가 잘 나타나 있고, 탈아세틸화 반응에 의해 메틸탄소 및 카르보닐 탄소가 거의 나타나지 않았다. α-, β- and γ-chitin were isolated from crab shell, squid pen, beetles cuticles by acid, alkali treatment and α-, β- and γ-chitosan were prepared from α-, β- and γ-chitin. Chemical compositions of raw materials and elemental of chitin and chitosan were analyzed. A weight-average molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (DDA) were determines by viscometry and Kina titration. Its structural characterization was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer and solid state CP/MAS C NMR spectrophotometer. A molecular weight of α-, β- and γ-chitin were determined by viscometer resulting in 701. 612, and 524, kDa, respectively. A molecular weight of α-, β- and γ-chitosan were calculated with 603., 607 and 329 kDa, respectively. The DDA of α-, β- and γ-chitin were 21.8%, 32.3% and 44.7%, respectively. The DDA of α-, β- and γ-chitosan were 97.1%, 99.2% and 96.6%, respectively. At the FT-IR spectra of chitin, α-, β- chitin. And at the FT_IR sectra of chitosan, absorption band of amide I and amide H decreased because of the deacetylation of chitin, where as the absorption band of amine group was newly formed. From solid state CP/MAS C NMR spectra of chitin, two signals appeared at around 73 and 75 ppm assigned to C3 and C5 carbon atoms in α-chitin are sharply resolved, the signals of C3 and C5 in β-chitin shows singlet at around 74 ppm. In case of γ-chitin, two signals show at around 73 and 75 ppm assigned to C3 and C5 carbon atoms. From solid stat CP/MAS C NMR spectra of chitosan, the carbon of the C1-C6 positions were cleared identified and peaks of CH_3 and C=0 decreased significantly because of the deacetylation

CT를 이용한 만성 진균성 및 비진균성 부비동염의 감별: 팽창성 공모양 고밀도 소견의 유용성

임수미,최혜영,이민희,Im, Su-Mi,Choe, Hye-Yeong,Lee, Min-Hui 대한영상의학회 2003 대한영상의학회지 Vol.49 No.5

목적:부비동 전산화 단층촬영에서 팽창성 공모양 고밀도의 양상이 진균성 부비동염과 비진균성 부비동염의 감별에 유용한지에 대해 알아 보았다. 대상과 방법:부비동 수술 후 병리학적으로 확진된 부비동염 환자 중 부비동 CT를 시행한 62명(남자 36명,여자 26명)을 대상으로 하였으며 진균성 부비동염 환자는 21명(34%),비진균성 부비동염 환자는 41명(66 %)이였다.연조직 기법(soft tissue window setting)과 골밀도 기법(bone window setting)에서 방사선과 의사 두명이 공모양 고밀도 병변의 유무,팽창성 유무,양측성 유무,공모양 고밀도를 보이는 부비동,공모양 고밀도의 위치를 중심으로 후향적으로 분석하였고,그 외에 부비동 벽의 골비후,부비동내 석회화 유무도 함께 분석하였다. 결과:공모양 고밀도는 진균성에서(81%)흔히 보이는 소견으로 팽창성(88 %)이었으며,일측 성(94 %)이었다(p<0.05).공모양 고밀도를 보인 진균성과 비진균성 전예에서 상악동을 침범 하였다.공모양 고밀도의 위치는 진균성에서 88%,비진균성 90 %에서 내측과 외측에 걸쳐서 위치하였고 두 군간에 통계적인 차이는 없었다.그 외에 부비동 벽의 골비후(76%),석회화 (8 6 %)도 진균성에서 유의하게 많이 관찰되었다(p<0 .05 ). 결론:CT상 공모양 고밀도의 병변은 진균성 부비동염에서 보다 흔히 보이는 소견이었다.그 중 팽창성 공모양의 고밀도 병변은 진균성 부비동염에서,비팽창성 공모양 고밀도 병변은 비진균성 부비동염에서 보다 흔히 보이는 소견이었다.따라서 팽창성 공모양 고밀도 병변은 진균성부비동염과 비진균성 부비동염의 감별 진단에 유용하리라 사료된다. Purpose: To determine the usefulness of CT findings of an expansile ball-like high density mass in the differential diagnosis of fungal and nonfungal sinusitis. Materials and Methods: Paranasal sinus CT findings in 62 patients (36 males and 26 females) with pathologically proven chronic paranasal sinusitis were retrospectively analyzed. Sinusitis was fungal in 21 patients (34%) and nonfungal in 41 (66%). Bone and soft tissue window settings were reviewed by two radiologists in terms of the presence, expansibility, bilaterality, and location of the ball-like high density mass, involved sinuses, bone thickening of the sinus wall, and associated calcification. Results: The ball-like high density mass was more common in fungal sinusitis patients (81%), in whom it was expansile in 88% of cases and unilateral in 94% (p<0.05). In all patients, the mass was located in the maxillary sinus; in 88% of fungal cases and 90% of nonfungal, it was present in both its medial and lateral portions. Bone thickening (76%) and calcification (86%) were more common in fungal sinusitis (p<0.05). Conclusion: A ball-like high density expansile mass appears to be a valuable finding in the diagnosis of fungal sinusitis

산림관리에 따른 기초지자체 규모의 탄소중립 가능성 평가 - 파주시와 고성군을 대상으로 -

이도형,최혜영,김주영,정유경,길승호,Lee, Do-Hyung,Choe, Hye-Yeong,Kim, Joo-Young,Cheong, Yu-Kyong,Kil, Sung-Ho 한국환경복원기술학회 2022 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.25 No.3

We evaluated the effect of CO₂ offsetting by estimating changes in carbon uptake under various forest management scenarios and proposed forest management strategies to achieve carbon neutrality. Paju and Goseong, which have relatively large forest areas but different industrial characteristics, were selected for the study sites. The current state of forest distribution was analyzed using forest type maps and aerial photographs, and the amount of carbon uptake was calculated using the equation presented by the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the national emission/absorption coefficients from the Korea National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report. As of 2015, the forest carbon absorption in Paju and Goseong was 49,931 t/yr and 94,225 t/yr, respectively, and the annual carbon absorption per unit area was 2.28 t/ha/yr and 2.16 t/ha/yr. Under the forest management scenarios, the annual maximum carbon absorption per unit area is estimated to increase to 5.68 t/ha/yr in Paju and 4.22 t/ha/yr in Goseong, and this absorption would increase further if urban forests were additionally created. Even if the current forests of Paju and Goseong are maintained as they are, emissions from electricity use can be sufficiently offset. However, by applying appropriate forest management strategies, emissions from sectors other than electricity use could be offset. This study can be applied to the establishment of carbon absorption strategies in the forest sector to achieve carbon neutrality.

S-100 염색 및 컴퓨터 보조 영상분석(Image Analysis)을 이용한 결핵양형 나와 유육종증의 감별

조영은 ( Jo Yeong Eun ),김명화 ( Kim Myeong Hwa ),최혜영 ( Choe Hye Yeong ),명기범 ( Myeong Gi Beom ) 대한피부과학회 2003 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.41 No.10

N/A Background : Histologic evidence of destruction of a cutaneous nerve by granulomatous inflammation is a feature of tuberculoid leprosy. However, identifying remnants of the nerve in the granuloma may be difficult in some instances because of morphologic similarities with granulomatous dermatoses, such as sarcoidosis, lupus vulgaris, tertiary syphilis, etc. Object : The purpose of this study was to investigate the expressions of S-100 and EMA and to estimate area, thickness and density of nerves for differentiation truberculoid leprosy from sarcoidosis. Methods : Paraffin embedded tissues from patients of 11 tuberculoid leprosy, and 4 sarcoidosis were investigated for the expression of S-100, EMA and for the measurement of area, thickness, density of nerves by image analysis. Results : 1. S-100 staining in tuberculoid leprosy demonstrated fragmented, infiltrated, swollen nerves or the absence of dermal nerves(45.5%). 2. All of the detectable nerves were identified within granulomas from tuberculoid leprosy, but nerves from sarcoidosis were widely distributed over inside(33.3%) or outside of the granulomas, perivascular, and periappendageal areas. 3. There was no expression of EMA in skin lesions from leprosy, sarcoidosis, even in the site showing perineural thickening in S-100 stain. 4. The cross-section area and the thickness of nerves were decreased in order of tuberculold leprosy, sarcoidosis, and normal control group(p<0.05). 5. The density of nerves was decreased in order of normal control group tuberculoid leprosy, and sarcoidosis with statistical significance between tuberculoid leprosy and sarcoidosis. Conclusion : It is possible to differentiate tuberculoid leprosy from sarcoidosis by the observation of the morphologic changes with S-100 protein stain and the measurement of the cross-section area, thickness and density with image analysis.(Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(10 : 1332~1337)

야생화분매개곤충 분포 모형을 활용한 과수원 수분 서비스 위험도 평가

고인수 ( Koh In-su ),최혜영 ( Choe Hye-yeong ),권혁수 ( Kwon Hyuk-soo ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2020 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.23 No.6

Wild pollinators provide important pollination services for crops. However, their geographical ranges and impact on pollination services have not been fully explored within the scope of Korean agricultural land. This study aims to identify spatial supply-demand mismatches across orchard fields in the context of assessing pollination service risk. We first used National Ecosystem Survey data and a species distribution model (MaxEnt) to develop the geographic range of each of 32 wild pollinators belonging to three families (Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera). We then summed the modeled presence probability of each species to obtain a measure of spatially explicit pollinator richness. This modeled richness, defined as pollination supply, was compared with the summed area of orchard fields at the municipal boundary level to identify areas with supply-demand mismatches. The study found that Lepidoptera showed the highest species richness (8.3±1.5), followed by Hymenoptera (4.3±0.8) and Diptera (3.5±0.8) species. Median orchard area was 1.5 ㎢ (range of 0-176.7 ㎢) among 250 municipal regions in South Korea. The municipal regions were divided into three categories (tertiles) of low, middle, and high pollination supply and demand according to, respectivley, average polliator richness and orhard area. Finally, we found that 55 municipal regions (accounting for 49% of national orchard land) potentially faced high risk of pollination deficits, 81 regions (48% of national orchard land) faced intermediate risk, and 63 regions faced low risk (3% of national orchard land). In conclusion, this study revealed significant mismatch between pollination supply and demand and developed risk assessment map will guide our future efforts on pollinator habitat conservation and monitoring to conserve crop pollination services.

열쾌적성에 대한 가로수 수직적 구조의 영향 분석

이수빈 ( Lee¸ Su-been ),최혜영 ( Choe¸ Hye-yeong ),조현길 ( Jo¸ Hyun-kil ),윤영조 ( Yun¸ Young-jo ),길승호 ( Kil¸ Sung-ho ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2021 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Urban green spaces offer a variety of benefits to living things and humans. However, existing green spaces have been reduced and fragmented due to urbanization, and there is a limit to creating new large green spaces in densely developed cities. Street trees have fewer restrictions on land use, which can be a measure to secure green areas in cities. In Korea, excessive pruning is being done on some street trees for reasons such as blocking of building signboards, contact with electric wires, and restrictions on sidewalk widths. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively understand the relationship between the benefits provided by street trees and their structures to come up with an efficient and systematic planning and management plan for urban street trees. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the relationship between the thermal comfort improvement by the shades of street trees and the vertical structure, planting environment, and types of street trees. To calculate the thermal comfort felt by human body, we calculated UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) of each street tree. For the vertical structure of street trees, we used Terrestrial LiDAR and the point clouds of street tree’s crown was sliced vertically at 1m intervals. We conducted a multiple regression analysis on the thermal comfort improvement using the variables we obtained from fields. As a result, in the case of a street tree’s vertical structure, the lager the volume of tree’s crown located 3-4m (β=0.298, p<.05) and 6-7m (β=0.568, p<.001) above clear length, the better the cooling effect. In addition, the thermal comfort improvement was assessed to decrease as the DBH increased (β=-0.435, p<.001). In general, the crown diameter and DBH are positively correlated, with a cooling effect occurring as crown diameter increases. In this study, the opposite result was obtained due to the small number of trees measured, so additional research is needed by increasing the number of tree samples. In the case of the planting environment, the effect of improving thermal comfort was higher in the shaded area of trees planted to the south (β=-0.541, p<.001). Since unsystematic management of street trees can deteriorate the function of them, quantitative evaluations of the vertical structure of street trees are required, which can provide specific measures for planning and management of urban street trees with thermal comfort effect.

도시성장에 따른 토지이용패턴의 시공간적 영향 평가

이동근 ( Dong Kun Lee ),최혜영 ( Hye Yeong Choe ),오규식 ( Kyu Shik Oh ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2009 환경영향평가 Vol.18 No.3

Benzophenone-3에 의한 광알레르기성 접촉피부염

김소영 ( Kim So Yeong ),김명화 ( Kim Myeong Hwa ),최혜영 ( Choe Hye Yeong ),명기범 ( Myeong Gi Beom ) 대한피부과학회 2004 대한피부과학회지 Vol.42 No.3

Benzophenones are aromatic ketone derivatives of dibenzoylmethane, exhibiting absorption characteristics not only in the UVC and UVB spectral ranges but also in part of the UVA range, up to 360㎚. They are commonly used for extending the spectrum of photoprotection. Benzophenone-3, one of the most popular benzophenones, is the most common cause of sunscreen allergy as well as a substitute of PABA. We report a case of photoallergic contact dermatitis due to benzophenone-3 of sunscreen. (Korean J Dermatol 2004;42(3):328~331)