석이에서 분리한 GE974의 ${\alpha}-Glucosidase$ 저해효과

최혁재,김동현,김남재,Choi, Hyuck-Jai,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Kim, Nam-Jae 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.2

This study was conducted to search for the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitor from the natural products. In the previous study, the water extract of Gyrophora esculenta exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activities. Then, by bioassay-guided fractionation followed by chromatographic separation of the water extract of Gyrophora esculenta, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitor was isolated as GE974. GE974 showed significant inhibitory activities on some kinds of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ in vitro. Its inhibitory mechanism seemed to be competitive for disaccharides. Also, it markedly inhibited ${\alpha}-glucosidases$ of intestine separated from both nondiabetics and diabetics.

마디풀(Polygonum aviculare L.) 성분의 지질과산화억제 및 간보호에 미치는 효과

최혁재,김종우,홍남두,김남재,Choi, Hyuck-Jai,Kim, Jong-Woo,Hong, Nam-Doo,Kim, Nam-Jae 한국생약학회 1997 생약학회지 Vol.28 No.3

The ethylacetate fraction of the overground portion of Polygonum aviculare L. exhibited the anti-lipid peroxidation and the liver protective effect in intoxicated rats. Through silica gel chromatography of the ethylacetate fraction monitered by bioassay, two flavonoids, avicularin and juglanin were isolated as active components. Avicularin and juglanin remarkablely inhibited the lipid peroxidation of rat liver induced by 50% ethanol. Especially avicularin exhibited the stronger anti-lipid peroxidation effect than juglanin. Avicularin as a main principle of Polygonum aviculare L. significantly exhibited liver protective activities by decreasing s-GOT and s-LDH levels which represent for the hepatotoxicity induced by $CCl_4$ in rats. In addition, avicularin significantly decreased not only s-LDH but also s-bilirubin levels in intoxicated rat induced by ${\alpha}-naphthylisothiocyanate\;(ANIT)$. These results suggest that avicularin has the protective effects against the hepatoxicity induced by $CCl_4$ and ANIT in rats.

석이에서 분리한 GE974의 혈당상승억제효과

최혁재,김동현,김남재,Choi, Hyuck-Jai,Kim, Dong-Hyun,Kim, Nam-Jae 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.3

GE974, isolated from Gyrophora esculenta, showed significant inhibitory effect on several ${\alpha}-glucosidases$ in vitro in previous study. In the present study, GE974 showed significant inhibitory effect on blood glucose elevation in mice loaded with maltose, sucrose, starch and lactose. Also, it exhibited similar effect in alloxan and streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, and genetic diabetic mice(db/db mice) loaded with maltose in dose dependent manner. These results suggest that GE974 may possess hypoglycemic effect that inhibit competitively ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activities.

석이중 오르시놀 정량 및 급성독성

최혁재(Hyuck-Jai Choi),김남재(Nam Jae Kim),김동현(Dong-Hyun Kim) 대한약학회 2001 약학회지 Vol.45 No.2

In previous study, Gyrophora esculenta showed siginificantly inhibitory effect on alpha-glucosidase in vitro and blood glucose elevation in vivo. In the isolating process of active substance, orcinol was separated from Gyrophora esculenta. Orcinol is kwown to be toxic, therefore, in this study, it was analyzed by the TLC densitometry method for quantitative determination from Gyrophora esculenta. The average amount of orcinol of Gyrophora esculenta was 0.2%. For the purpose of removing orcinol, the water extract of Gyrophora esculenta was sequentially fractionated by organic solvents, and the acute toxicity of each fraction was assedded in mice. Among them, the LD50 of butanol fraction was 1.19g/kg(p.o.) and the weight increase of mice in that group was somewhat retareded.

유아용 애니메이션 캐릭터의 조형요소에 대한 선호도 분석

최혁재(Choi, Hyuck Jai) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2015 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.4

이미지로 승부하는 캐릭터 산업은 이미지가 가지는 특별한 힘이 얼마나 다양한 국가와 문화의 사용자에게 어필하느냐에 따라 성공여부가 달려 있다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 특히 유아는 애니메이션 속 캐릭터를 자아동일성으로 느끼기 때문에 캐릭터를 닮고 싶어하고 캐릭터를 모방하려는 경향이 강하게 나타난다. 따라서 유아들의 선망이 될 수 있는 애니메이션 캐릭터를 창조하려면 캐릭터의 어떠한 조형적 요소들이 호감을 가져오는지에 대해 선호도를 면밀히 연구할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 애니메이션 캐릭터에 대해 유아들을 대상으로 사용자 선호도 분석을 실시하였다. 분석항목은 선호하는 캐릭터 스타일, 색상, 비율, 체형, 얼굴형, 동서양권 묘사방식의 6가지 항목이었으며, 기존 애니메이션 캐릭터의 조형성 분석결과와 연관된 항목을 통해 비교분석하는 것으로 진행하였다. 분석결과, 캐릭터 스타일은 남아는 로봇형을 가장 선호하였고(58%), 여아는 인간형을 가장 선호하였다(80%). 색상은 남아는 노랑(36%), 여아는 빨강(70%)을 선호하였으며, 비율은 남녀 모두 3등신 이상을 가장 선호하였다. 체형은 남아는 일반형(56%), 여아는 일반형(48%)과 날씬형(44%)을 선호하였으며 얼굴형은 남아는 가로로 긴 타원형(54%), 여아는 세로로 긴 타원형(54%)를 선호하였다. 마지막으로 묘사방식은 남아는 동양형(86%), 여아는 서양형(68%) 캐릭터를 선호하여 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통해 진행된 애니메이션 캐릭터의 조형성 분석과 사용자 선호도 분석의 결과를 토대로 하여 후속 연구가 더욱 활발히 진행되기를 기대한다. The success in the character industry field highly depends on its national and cultural universality of the character’s unique image. Especially, the kids are likely to identify the characters as themselves, they usually have strong tendency to imitate and copy the characters. Therefore, to create a new character which becomes the object of kids’ attention, it is necessary to study which formative features strongly appeal to the kids. Children’s preference for the famous animation characters was analyzed. Analyzed factors included favoured type of the character(robot, human, animal or othors), color, proportion of its body, body shape(standard, slim, fatty), shape of its face, the style of the character (eastern or western). The results were analyzed using 6 formative factors out of 9 factors previously mentioned. The results indicate that boys favored robot type of characters mosst(58%), otherwise girls favored human type of characters most(80%). With the regard to colors, boys favored yellow color(36%), and girls favoredred(70%). Both boys and girls favored the proportion of the body more than 1:3. With the shape of the character’s body, boys preferred the standard shape(56%), meanwhile girls preferred both the standard(48%) and slim(44%) shape of characters. Boys favored the wide oval shape of face(54%), girls favored the oval shape(54%). There was also a marked differences in the favored style of character: boys favored eastern style of characters(86%), otherwise girls favored western style of characters(68%). It is expected that the results of this study , which is about analysis of formatives of animation characters and preferences, will facilitates further studies in the future.

실시간 가상캐릭터에 있어 모션캡쳐 애니메이션의 효율성에 관한 연구

최혁재(Choi Hyuck Jai),최흥렬(Choi Heung Yourl) 한국디지털디자인학회 2007 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.2

21세기 들어 3D게임이나 가상현실 등의 사용자와 상호작용이 가능한 실시간(Real-time)환경 기반의 플랫폼들이 점점 발전되어 가고 있다. 3D 가상공간의 캐릭터 움직임을 표현하기 위해 키(Key)를 직접 편집하는 키프레임 애니메이션 물리적인 관성이나 마찰 등을 계산해 표현하는 다이나믹 애니메이션 센서를 통해 액터(Actor)의 움직임을 입력받아 표현하는 모션캡쳐 애니메이션 등의 방법을 사용할 수 있다. 그러나 다이나믹 애니메이션은 실시간 3D 환경에서는 연산시간의 문제로 인해 아직까지 사용에 있어 제약이 많은 실정이고 용도에 따라 키프레임 애니메이션과 모션캡쳐 애니메이션의 방식이 주로 사용되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 실시간 3D 환경에서 모션캡쳐 애니메이션이 갖는 장점과 한계점을 분석하고 일련의 과정을 통해 3D엔진에서 동일 캐릭터를 모션캡쳐와 키프레임 데이터로 각각 설정하여 반응속도를 실험해 보았고 모션캡쳐 데이터의 용량이나 편집 호환성의 문제점이 야기되는 부분에 대해 실험해 보았다. 실험에 사용된 3D엔진인 시리어스(Serious Engine) 엔진을 통해 실시간 가상 캐릭터의 애니메이션 데이터를 1명일 때와 10명 30명일 때로 각각 구분해 프레임 속도를 측정함으로써 가상캐릭터가 다중접속 했을 때의 상황도 고려하여 실험을 진행하였다. 본 논문을 통해 모션캡쳐 애니메이션이 실시간 3D 플랫폼에 적용됐을 때 생길 수 있는 여러 가지 변수와 장단점을 실험결과를 통해 인지하고 응용할 수 있고자 한다. In 21st century interactive communicative real-time based platforms such as 3D games and virtual reality are being developed. In order to express actions of characters in 3D cyber space the following methods are used: key frame animation which edits keys itself; dynamic animation which expresses inertia or friction; motion capture animation which expresses actors' actions through sensor. However dynamic animation has limits in 3D environment because of problems with its operation time. So key frame animation and motion capture animation are mainly used. Therefore this study analyzes the advantages and limits of motion capture animation in 3D environment. Also this study experiments reaction velocity of the same character in motion capture and key frame data in 3D engine. Furthermore this study experiments about problematic parts of motion capture data capacity edit and compatibility. Using the Serious Engine which is a 3D engine this study experiments animation data of real time virtual characters through calculating separate frame speeds of 1 character 10 characters and 30 characters in order to consider multiple access situations. It is expected that through this study various factors in applying motion capture animation into real time 3D platform will be recognized and applied in the future.

유아용 애니메이션 캐릭터의 조형성 분석

최혁재(Choi, Hyuck Jai) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2014 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.14 No.3

애니메이션 산업은 파생비즈니스는 물론 다른 산업에의 연관효과로 인한 부가가치성이 매우 높은 콘텐츠이며, 디지털화가 이루어지면서 세계 어디서나 손쉽게 콘텐츠 소비가 가능해졌기 때문에 유통채널이 다양해지고 반복소비가 용이해져 규모가 더욱 성장할 전망이다. 또한 유통의 다양화에 따라 특정 국가나 문화권에서만 통하는 콘텐츠가 아닌 보편성이 요구되는 방향으로 패러다임이 변화되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내 애니메이션 산업분야에서 최근 지속적 성공을 거두고 있는 미취학 아동을 타깃으로 한 유아용 애니메이션 분야로 한정하여 조형적 요소에 대한 분석을 실시하는 것을 목적으로 두고 있다. 이를 위해 조형성 요소를 표현방식, 성별, 두상비율, 신체체형, 두상형태, 색상 수, 키 컬러, 명도, 채도 9가지 항목으로 구분하여 빈도분석, 국내캐릭터와 해외캐릭터에 대한 교차분석, 신뢰도 검증을 진행하였다. 분석결과 총 9가지 항목 중에 성별, 키 컬러, 채도를 제외한 나머지 항목에서 국내와 해외캐릭터의 묘사방식에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 주요 항목에 대한 빈도를 보면 국내외 모두 동물형 캐릭터가 가장 많았으며, 국내 캐릭터는 평균 2.05등신, 해외는 2.55등신의 두상비율을 나타내었고 평균 색상은 국내가 2.46가지, 해외는 3.13가지의 색상을 사용한 것으로 나타났다. Animation industry is high value-added industry. The industry is expected to grow more because it became possible to consume contents easily worldwide due to digitalization. The paradigm is changing into a universal paradigm because of the diversity of distribution. This study focuses on analyzing formative factors of domestic and foreign characters in kids" animation. The formative factors are divided into 9 categories; features, gender, proportion, body type, head type, number of colors , key color, brightness and saturation. The factors are analyzed by frequency, cross tabulation and reliability. The results indicate that domestic and foreign characters show differences in the formative factors except for gender, key color and saturation. Animal characters are the most frequently shown. The average proportion of domestic characters is 2.05; the average proportion of foreign characters is 2.55. The average number of colors of domestic characters is 2.46; the average number of colors of international characters is 3.13.

프로롤리스 물추출물의 약효연구

최혁재(Hyuck Jai Choi),심상범(Sang Bum Shim),김남재(Nam Jae Kim),김종우(Jong Woo Kim) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.3

Propolis is a lipophilic, natural product prepared by mixing the exudates collected from various plants by honeybees with beeswax for the purpose of using to seal hive walls and to strengthen the borders of combs. Because of its versatile bioactivities, propolis has been attracting many investigators` interest. But the pharmacological studies on propolis has, to date, been exclusively performed for an alcohol extract, there is few information of water extract. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the various effects of water extract of Chinese propolis. The water extract of propolis and its fractions of organic solvents showed strong antioxidative activities, especially ether and ethylacetate fractions, and reduced the lipid peroxidation of rat liver in vitro. Additionally the ether fraction of propolis (10 mg/ml) inhibited the activity of hyaluronidase by 50%. In vivo, the water extract of propolis considerably decreased s-GOT, s-GPT and s-LDH activities which represent for the hepatotoxicity induced by CCl₄4 in rats, and prolonged the MST (Medium sevival tinme) and ILS (Increasing in MST over control) by 18% in mice which inoculated with sarcoma 180 ascites cells. These results suggest that the water extract of propolis has various bioactivities as well as the alcohol extract.

파레토의 법칙이 어플리케이션 GUI 정보인지에 미치는 효율성에 관한 연구

최혁재(Choi Hyuck Jai) 한국디지털디자인학회 2007 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.4

디자인과 사용자간에 존재하는 인터페이스는 다양한 형식으로 표현될 수 있고 사용용도에 따라 적절히 사용할 수 있도록 도와주기 위하여 여러 가지 측면에서 인터페이스가 고려되고 있다. PC어플리케이션의 그래픽유저 인터페이스(GUI)는 논리적 조작감을 중요시하는 소프트 중심 영역과 경험지향을 중시하는 모드레스 영역의 성향을 띄고 있기 때문에 툴의 성향에 맞게 심미성이나 편의성뿐 아니라 기능성을 고려해 디자인 되어야 한다. 경험 지향의 영역이란 것은 사용자가 학습을 통해 반복된 경험을 해야 GUI에 익숙하게 접근할 수 있는 영역으로써 해당 어플리케이션의 많은 정보를 어떻게 효과적으로 노출해야 하는지 여부를 고민해야 하는데 여기에 20%의 주요기능을 노출하고 80%의 나머지 기능들을 최소화 하는' 파레토의 법칙'이 적용될 수 있는지를 연구과제로 채택했다. 연구대상에 적합한 8개 어플리케이션을 선택하고 주요 정보노출에 대한 비율분석과 사용자가 이에 대해 어떤 반응을 보이는지를 설문조사를 통해 분석하는 방식으로 연구를 진행 했는데 실험결과 대부분의 어플리케이션은 전체 메뉴 대비 주요 정보 아이콘 노출 비율이 20%근처를 나타냈으며 예외를 보이는 툴에 대해서는 사용자의 만족도가 상대적으로 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. Interface between design and users can be expressed in various ways. Interface is considered for the purpose of usages. PC application's graphic user interface(GUI) should be designed considering functional aspects as well as aesthetic and efficiency aspects because it has characteristics of logical and experience focused area. Experience focused area means that users can easily reach GUI through repeated experience. Experience focused area should examine how to effectively expose the application's information. This study focuses on whether or not Pareto's law which exposes 20% of main function and 80% of the rest of the function can be applied in this process. This study chose appropriate 8 applications and analyzed the ratio of important information exposure. Then a survey for users' reaction was conducted. The result shows that most of the application's information icon exposure ratio in the whole menu was about 20%. The users' satisfaction was low in unusual tools. It is hoped that this study will contribute to develop the satisfactory application GUI design.

추출 방법에 따른 감길탕가미방(甘桔湯加味方)의 항염증(抗炎症), 진통(鎭痛), 해열(解熱), 항산화(抗酸化) 및 Histamine 투과 억제효과

진형준,김남재,최혁재,정희재,정승기,Jin, Hyung-Joon,Kim, Nam-Jae,Choi, Hyuck-Jai,Jung, Hee-Jae,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2008 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives : Modified Gamgil-tang is a prescription commonly used for respiratory diseases. This thesis was carried out to check the treatment effects and diversity of drug formulation by comparing extraction method of ethanol and water of modified Gamgil-tang. Methods : All experiments were carried out with water and 50% ethanol extraction for comparison. In vivo experiment, hyaluronidase inhibitory effects and trypsin inhibitory effects were tested to measure the anti-inflammatory effects activity. Scavenging effects of DPPH free radical, xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects and inhibition on TBA-RS formation were experimented to measure anti-oxidative effects. With the in vivo experiment, ICR group mice and SD group rats were used as experimental animals. An anti-inflammatory effects experiment were carried out to measure the action on carrageenin-induced hind paw edema: analgesic effects were measured using writhing syndrome induced by 0.7% acetic acid in mice: antipyretic effect was measured using endotoxin, and inhibitory effects of increase vascular permeability induced by 0.5% histamine were measured. Results : For extraction of glycyrrhizin contents, ethanol extract was extracted 2 times of that of water extract. Anti-inflammatory effects showed high in ethanol extract. Anti-oxidative effects measured high in ethanol extract. No significant result was found in inhibition on TBA-RS formation. Analgesic effects were found to be similar in water and ethanol extract. Antipyretic effects were found to be stronger in water extract. Inhibitory effects of increase vascular permeability induced by 0.5% histamine showed stronger in ethanol extract. Conclusion : By measuring anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, antipyretic effects, anti-oxidative effects, and histamine permeation inhibition effects both in water extract and ethanol extract after adding agents such as Mentha Herba, Gardenias Fructus, and propolis to existing Gamgil-Tang, ethanol extract was found to be more effective in anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects, anti-oxidative effects, and histamine permeation inhibition effects. The converse was found for antipyretic effect.