한국의 대 일본 무역에서 산업내무역 결정요인에 관한 실증분석

최원익 한국무역연구원 2010 무역연구 Vol.6 No.4

This paper aims to measure the level of intra-industry trade(IIT) by using Korea-Japan trade and macroeconomic data from 1991 to 2008 and on the basis of this result analyzes the determinants of the intra-industry trade. By using the Newey-West estimation method to overcome the shortcomings of OLS and kernel regression methods we draw the following conclusions:First, the portion of vertical intra-industry trade(VIIT) within IIT is very high. This reflects the change and stream of Korea⋅Japan's income difference as it is the pattern appearing at the trade between the countries having different income levels. Second, high quality vertical intra-industry trade(HQVIIT) within VIIT is very high. This is different from the theory that home country exports low quality products in the case that trade partner's income level is higher than home country's, vice versa. Third, only the variable, "the difference between two countries market sizes", among the determinants of all three types of IIT, affects positively all three types of IIT.

한국의 동북아지역에 대한 무역구조 개선방향

최원익 동중앙아시아경상학회 2010 한몽경상연구 Vol.21 No.2

This paper seeks the ideal direction of Korea' trade structure toward north-east Asia area centering China, Japan and Russia as Korea pursues export-driven policy since Korea has poor natural resources. Korea's trade structure from the beginning of 1990 to the present is superior quality intra-industry trade(SQIIT) with China as a foreign trade partner; intra-industry trade(IIT) is consistently high with Japan; and inter-industry trade is high with Russia. Korea should change the trade structure into intra-industry trade(IIT) with these countries. Intra-industry trade(IIT) can increase export·import portion of the trading partners so that each country can avoid trade frictions and pursues economic gains through trade.

개편된 지방재정조정제도와 향후 정책과제

최원익 한몽경상학회 2005 한몽경상연구 Vol.16 No.2

지방재정조정제도는 중앙정부가 지방자치단체의 자체재원의 부족분을 보충해주고 동시에 각 지방자 치단체들의 재정력격차를 줄여주는 제도인데, 중앙정부는 이의 효율적 사용을 위해 지방을 관리 감독 하는 수직적 체계의 틀을 유지하고자 한다. 우리나라의 지방재정조정제도 개편배경에는 재정분권을 국가균형발전 및 지방분권의 전제로 삼아 3 대특별법을 제정한 참여정부의 선택에 있다. 개편된 지방재정조정제도는 지방양여금제를 폐 지하고, 지방재정의 자율성을 침해하면서 동시에 국가사무가 아닌 국고보조금의 일부를 지방에 이양하 며 이양사 업을 추진하는데 소요되는 재원을 보전하는 방안으로 분권교부세를 지방교부세에 신설하고, 국고보조 대상사업의 경우 지원방식을 그대로 유지하면서 지방자치단체에 집행의 자율성을 확대해주는 것으로 요약할 수 있다. 그러나 개편된 지방재정조정제도는 국고보조금의 경우 기준보조율이 지나치게 세분화되어 있고, 산 정시 임의성이 개입될 소지가 있어 지방의 재정자립도를 감안해서 차등보조율제도를 강화해 야 한다. 또한 지방교부세에 의한 사업과 균특회계사업을 포함하는 국고보조사업이 체계적으로 연계되 어 있지 않고 서로 다른 배분방식 및 다른 논리가 작용하고 있으므로 이에 대한 기준마련이 필요하다. 또한 균특회계사업 중 지방자치단체가 자율편성할 수 있는 사업의 경우 예산신청을 무리하게 할 가능 성이 열려있으므로 해당지방자치단체의 발전낙후도, 기 사업에 대한 완성도 등을 반영하는 재원배분 모델개발이 시급하다. 거시적인 관점에서는 하위지방자치단체의 재정조정을 위한 기구내지는 하위지 방자치단체 내부에서 조정제도를 두어 수직적 재정조정제도의 한계를 극복할 필요가 있다.

Ginsenoside Rg3이 Lipopolysaccharide에 의한 생쥐 뇌조직의 Cyclooxygenase-2 발현에 미치는 영향

최원익,조용덕,이준석,신정원,김성준,손낙원 대한본초학회 2012 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.27 No.6

Objectives: Cyclooxygenase (COX) plays a central role in the inflammatory cascade by converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin. COX-2 is typically induced by inflammatory stimuli in the majority of tissues, it is responsible for propagating the inflammatory response and thus, considered as the best target for anti-inflammatory drugs. The present study investigated the modulatory effect of ginsenoside Rg3, a principle active ingredient in Panax ginseng, on COX-2 expression in the brain tissue induced by systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: Because systemic LPS treatment induces COX-2 expression immediately in the brain, ginsenoside Rg3 was treated orally with doses of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg at 1 hour before the LPS (3 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. At 4 hours after the LPS injection, COX-2 mRNA was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction method, COX-2 protein levels were measured by Western blotting. In addition, COX-2 expressions in brain tissue were observed with immunohistochemistry and double immunofluoresence labeling. Results: Ginsenoside Rg3 (20 and 30 mg/kg) significantly attenuates up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression in brain tissue at 4 hours after the LPS injection. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg3 (20 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of COX-2 positive neurons in the cerebral cortex and amygdala. Conclusion: These results indicate that ginsenoside Rg3 plays a modulatory role in neuroinflammation through the inhibition of COX-2 expression in the brain and suggest that ginsenoside Rg3 and ginseng may be effective on neurodegenerative diseases caused by neuroinflammation.

중국의 시장경제체제화와 한국기업의 진출방안

최원익 대한경영학회 2005 大韓經營學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

China started construction of “east-north 3 provinces” after advocating “reformingopening” in 1978 and the eastern coast region when Deng Xiaoping promoted “reformingopening”. And China has launched “western big development” since 2000 and is promoting the strategy of reconstruction of “east-north 3 provinces”. China also joined WTO in the end of 2001 and revised its international trade law in 2004. In addition to them the appreciation of chinese currency is requested by G7. As these serial processes are related with the market economy systematizing of China, Korea enterprises should try to enter China upon due consideration of these developing strategies and economic aspects of China.In connection with “western big development” entry of Korea enterprises should be made according to strategies given by China and focused of resource development and investment in the field of environment. It is a weak point that the investment in “western big development” should be big scales and can't have gains in short period as conception period of the investment is commonly long.In case of “east-north 3 provinces”, infra-structures are made very well, professionals are affluent, the ratio of nation-owned enterprises is high and also, instrumental facilities are too old. Therefore, chinese government tries to change these old facilities, introduce new technologies, switchover traditional industry fields to new material industry field, bio-technology industry field and high-technology industry field. The re-exportation companies do not make chinese think that the companies send their profits to home countries on the base of low labor costs in China. So Korea enerprises should focus in these fields and participate actively “Duman River region development program” promoted by UNDP(United Nations Development Program). 중국은 1978년에 “개혁개방”을 주창한 이후 “동북3성”의 건설을 시작하였으며, 2000년 이후에는 “서부대개발”과 “동북3성”의 재건을 추진하고 있다. 또한, 중국은 2001년에 WTO에 가입하였으며, 2004년에는 대외무역법을 획기적으로 개정하였고, 또한 위안화의 절상문제가 항상 대두되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 중국경제상황의 변화에 맞추어 한국기업들의 중국진출이 이루어져야 한다. “서부대개발”과 관련해서 한국기업의 진출은 중국의 전략에 발맞추어 이루어져야 하며, 환경 및 자원에 대한 투자가 이루어져야 한다. 단, “서부대개발”은 대규모이어야 하고 투자에 대한 회수기간이 길다는 것을 유념해야 한다. “동북3성” 재건의 경우, 인프라구축 및 전문가집단이 잘 되어 있고 새로운 과학기술의 도입을 희망하고 있으며, 생명공학 및 하이테크 분야의 도입을 도모하고 있는 것이다.특히, 역수출을 위주로 하는 기업은 단독보다는 합자형태의 기업설립을 통해 현지화를 실현하여 문화적인 차이를 극복하며, 현지인을 중요 직책에 임명하고 선진화된 관리시스템을 도입하여 역수출하는 기업이 단지 저임금을 중요기반으로 해서 중국으로부터 부를 본국에 단순 송출해간다는 인식을 현지인들이 갖지 않도록 해야 한다. 이러한 과정을 통해 한국기업들은 UNDP에 의해 추진되는 “두만강유역개발프로그램”에도 참여하는 면모를 보여야 할 것이다.

지방재정구조 및 운영행태에 대한 소고-경기도를 중심으로-

최원익 한국지방재정학회 2003 한국지방재정논집 Vol.8 No.2

This paper tries to raise an issue to handle local finance efficiently by studying size, structure and administrative manners of Gyeonggido finance. Gyeonggido among local self-governing bodies has the largest annual expenditure size. Relative importance of general accounts decreased suddenly in the beginning of the nineties and increased since then. The reason is that during the establishing period of five new cities of Gyeonggido the public development operation cost of public enterprise special account increased very high. In functional classification, relative importance of social development cost increased very much in the late nineties and that of economic development cost was in the trend of decrease. This means Gyeonggido proved to be an aggressive self-governing body. Personnel expenses decreased gradually after giving effect to local self-governing system and this was showing that Gyeonggido operated finance efficiently. And sudden increase of capital expenditures in the beginning of the nineties was due to the establishment of five new cities of Gyeonggido. Studying by structures has its own limitation in identifying if local finance is efficiently operated and so new objective measure systems are needed.

커넬회귀법을 이용한 산업내무역에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 실증분석

최원익 한국무역연구원 2010 무역연구 Vol.6 No.2

This study investigates the Korea's intra-industry trade with China by using the Korea-China trade data from 1991 to 2008 and analyses empirically the influential factors to Korea's intra-industry trade. The conventional G-L index method is used to estimate Korea's intra-industry trade and, for the analysis of the influential factors to Korea's intra-industry trade, the Kernel regression method instead of OLS regression method is used as a new trial because OLS regression method used to the existing researches can cause many problems. Inter-industry trade was the main phenomenon of the early stage of Korea-China trade but later the portion of intra-industry trade was increased. The portion of vertical intra-industry trade was larger than horizontal intra-industry trade. Intra-industry trade is increased when average market size is bigger; average development stage is higher; and difference of the market sizes of two countries is bigger. Also Korea's intra-industry trade is increased when the difference of factor endowments between two countries is larger.

복지정책연구에 있어서 베이즈 분석방법의 적용

최원익 한국지역복지정책연구회 2002 지역복지정책 Vol.16 No.-

[샘터 시조] 가을이 오면

최원익 샘터사 2010 월간 샘터 Vol.489 No.-

지방재정구조 및 운영형태에 대한 소고

최원익 한국지방재정학회 2003 한국지방재정논집 Vol.8 No.2