Black Lives Matter: 과거의 망령과 ‘국가적 기억 상실’을 넘어서

최소담 계간 서정시학 2020 서정시학 Vol.30 No.4

Rewriting Mark Twain, Recovering (Un)hegemonic Black Voices: Nancy Rawles’s My Jim

최소담 미국소설학회 2018 미국소설 Vol.25 No.1

Mark Twain scholarship has extensively discussed race from the (failed) inter-racial friendship between Huck and Jim to racial injustice to white privileges since the publication of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in 1884. Although it is often neglected by Twain scholars, I argue that Twain’s narratological tactic of intentionally avoiding direct references to legal and political issues of the antebellum South with regards to slave capital and the slave trade is to be under criticism. The black voice, whether it is Jim or other almost non-existent black characters, is too often unseen and unheard in his story. Twain’s controversial rendition of Jim and his neglect of other black voices is thus problematic, especially when they are once created within the story. While he focuses more critically on his socio-cultural sketch of the antebellum South through the lens of a naïve young white narrator, Twain almost forgets that he once created one interesting black character, Jim, only showing him randomly to the readers during Huck’s journey on the Mississippi. As a critical response to Twain’s neglect, Nancy Rawles imaginatively rewrites Jim’s story and critically responds to Twain’s fragmentary portrayal of Jim and other black characters in her 2005 novel, My Jim. Taking the form of Jim’s wife’s telling her life to her granddaughter, Rawles de-hegemonizes the single voice of Huckleberry Finn and has once the marginalized African American (female) characters speak out their stories. In doing so, Rawles attempts to historicize African American slave history from the perspective of those who survived slavery without running away.

The Haunted Black South and the Alternative Oceanic Space: Jesmyn Ward’s Sing, Unburied, Sing

최소담 한국영어영문학회 2018 영어 영문학 Vol.64 No.3

In Jesmyn Ward’s 2017 novel, Sing, Unburied, Sing, Ward places herself within the modern African American literary tradition and lays out the unending “historical traumas” of blacks and cultural haunting in her narrative. She brings to the fore the story of a young black boy and demonstrates the difficulty of living while a black man in the American rural South. Living or dead, black males remain spectral as their frustrated black bodies are endlessly rejected and disembodied. It’s through Ward’s close attention to the notions of black masculinity and retrieval of (black) humanity that the black South is remembered, recuperated, and historicized. Shrewdly enough, Ward expands it further into the tradition of American literature. Instead of singularizing African American identity and its historical traumas, she renders them the part of American history and universalizing the single black story as the story of the American South. Filling in the gaps that Faulkner and other white writers have left in their novels, Ward writes stories about the unspeakable, the invisible, the excluded to deconstruct white narratives and rebuild the American history; and reasserts African roots and history, spirituality, black raciality and locality within the American tradition. I examine the symbolic significance of Jojo’s claim of black masculinity within the socio-political contexts of contemporary America. I also look closely at Ward’s portrayal of Jojo’s black family genealogy on account of its traumatic experiences of incarceration in notorious Parchman Farm. Locating Jojo as the inspiration of linking the past and the present, the unburied and the living, I contend that Ward creates “home” for blacks in an atemporal oceanic space where the past and the present are able to meet simultaneously. I argue that the oceanic space is an alternative space of affect that functions against the space of white rationality.

포스트휴먼 시대의 뉴 노멀

최소담 계간 서정시학 2020 서정시학 Vol.30 No.2

기후위기와 문학적 상상력

최소담 계간 서정시학 2023 서정시학 Vol.33 No.4

탄소-탄소 복합재료의 하프늄 탄화물 코팅재의 열적/기계적 특성

최소담 ( So-dam Choi ),서형일 ( Hyoung-il Seo ),임병주 ( Byung-joo Lim ),신인철 ( Ihn Cheol Sihn ),이정민 ( Jung Min Lee ),박종규 ( Jong Kyoo Park ),이기성 ( Kee Sung Lee ) 한국복합재료학회 2018 Composites research Vol.31 No.5

본 논문에서는 C/C-SiC 복합재료의 하프늄 탄화물 코팅재에 대한 열적, 기계적 특성을 평가하였으며 특히 코팅에 의한 내산화성과 내마모성의 향상여부를 평가하였다. 하프늄 탄화물(HfC)을 용사시켜 코팅한 샘플들을 가공한 후, 공기 중에서 열적 특성평가 및 마모, 압입시험 평가에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 공기 중에서 1200oC의 온도까지 승온시킨 후 1시간 유지하는 싸이클을 10싸이클 진행하여 각 싸이클마다의 무게변화를 통해 탄소의 산화저항성을 평가하였고, 초경 구(tungsten carbide)를 사용하여 마모시험과 압입시험을 수행하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 열피로 시험 수행 결과 하프늄 탄화물 코팅재가 상대적으로 무게감소가 적어 상대적으로 내산화성이 높은 것으로 평가되었다. 코팅된 하프늄 탄화물에 의해 탄성계수가 상대적으로 증가하였으며, 또한 C/C-SiC 복합재료는 하프늄 탄화물의 코팅에 의하여 내마모성이 향상되어 동일조건에서 마모량이 상대적으로 적었고 낮고 안정된 마찰계수가 유지되었다. This study investigates thermal and mechanical characterization of Hafnium carbide coating on the Cf-C composites. The hafnium carbide coatings by vacuum plasma spray on the C/C-SiC composites are prepared to evaluate oxidation and wear resistance. We perform the thermal durability tests by thermal cycling at 1200℃ for 10cycles in air and investigates the weight change of each cycle. We also evaluate the wear and indentation behavior using tungsten carbide ball indenter as a mechanical evaluation. As a result, the HfC coating is beneficial to reduce of weight loss during thermal cycling test and improve the elastic property of C/C-SiC composite. Especially, the HfC coating improves the wear resistance of C/C-SiC composite.

신뢰도 기반 유지보수 기법을 활용한 고압LNG펌프 정비주기 산출

최소담(Sodam Choi),이아영(A-yeong Lee),최진혁(Jinhyuck Choi),서정수(Juongsoo Suh) 한국가스학회 2021 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5

Revisiting Mark Twain’s Vision: Charles Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition

Choi, Sodam(최소담) 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소 2018 외국문학연구 Vol.- No.72

“마크 트웨인의 대안으로서의 찰스 체스넛의 『전통의 정수』 읽기”는 마크 트웨인 (Mark Twain)이 『얼간이 윌슨』 (Pudd’nhead Wilson)에서 민스트럴 쇼(minstrel show)와 흑인 남성의 백인 여성 강간 및 살해의 플롯을 통해 던졌던 “인종이란 무엇인가”라는 질문에 대해 찰스 체스넛 (Charles W. Chesnutt)을 통해 다시 한 번 천착한다.체스넛은 『전통의 정수』 (The Marrow of Tradition)에서 트웨인의 흑인 남성을 백인 남성으로 대체하여 플롯을 차용함으로써 백인우월주의, 백인순수혈통주의가 만연하던19세기 말, 20세기 초, 짐 크로우 (Jim Crow) 시대의 남부사회를 배경으로 백인 사회의 폭력성, 흑백 대칭의 불균형성 및 백인 담론의 야만성을 역설한다. 이 글에서 저자는 기존 체스넛 비평에서 보여온 백인 대 흑인, 혹은 당대 첨예하게 대립하던 순응주의자 대 혁명론자의 단순한 이분법적 논리 구조에서 벗어나 주변적 인물로 침묵하던 흑인 여성의 목소리를 통하여 작가가 그려내는 새로운 시대상을 고찰한다. 체스넛은 『얼간이 윌슨』에서 마크 트웨인이 주장하는, 생물학적 산물이 아닌, 사회적 산물로서의 인종의 개념에서 한걸음 더 나아가, 개인의 삶에 있어 인종이 더이상 장애가 되지 않는, 탈인종 담론의 근간이 되는 미국의 새로운 인종을 제시한다. In “Revisiting Mark Twain’s Vision: Charles Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition,” I discuss Chesnutt’s critical re-appropriation of the already firmly settled notions of black criminality and victimization of white ladies, white racial purity, and white supremacy; and especially his suggestion of the new American race for the perpetual survival of both blacks and whites, and above all America as a nation. I point out the fact that by presenting his futuristic vision on the new American race through the authorial voice of an extremely marginalized black woman, Chesnutt thus calls for a society in which race no more functions as a hindrance to any individual. As both Twain and Chesnutt use doubling as one of the significant metaphors in their character-making, I adopt the notion of twin and read Twain and Chesnutt as authorial doubling. Chesnutt’s writing is not merely a black imitating works written by whites as it is very often seen in many post-colonial writings. I argue that Twain and Chesnutt are able to supplement one another through their own works. Chesnutt’s work can be seen as a response to nineteenth-century white supremacist fictions, and it presents a larger picture of the post-Reconstruction American history intentionally ignored in the popular genre of the plantation tales. “마크 트웨인의 대안으로서의 찰스 체스넛의 『전통의 정수』 읽기”는 마크 트웨인 (Mark Twain)이 『얼간이 윌슨』 (Pudd’nhead Wilson)에서 민스트럴 쇼(minstrel show)와 흑인 남성의 백인 여성 강간 및 살해의 플롯을 통해 던졌던 “인종이란 무엇인가”라는 질문에 대해 찰스 체스넛 (Charles W. Chesnutt)을 통해 다시 한 번 천착한다.체스넛은 『전통의 정수』 (The Marrow of Tradition)에서 트웨인의 흑인 남성을 백인 남성으로 대체하여 플롯을 차용함으로써 백인우월주의, 백인순수혈통주의가 만연하던19세기 말, 20세기 초, 짐 크로우 (Jim Crow) 시대의 남부사회를 배경으로 백인 사회의 폭력성, 흑백 대칭의 불균형성 및 백인 담론의 야만성을 역설한다. 이 글에서 저자는 기존 체스넛 비평에서 보여온 백인 대 흑인, 혹은 당대 첨예하게 대립하던 순응주의자 대 혁명론자의 단순한 이분법적 논리 구조에서 벗어나 주변적 인물로 침묵하던 흑인 여성의 목소리를 통하여 작가가 그려내는 새로운 시대상을 고찰한다. 체스넛은 『얼간이 윌슨』에서 마크 트웨인이 주장하는, 생물학적 산물이 아닌, 사회적 산물로서의 인종의 개념에서 한걸음 더 나아가, 개인의 삶에 있어 인종이 더이상 장애가 되지 않는, 탈인종 담론의 근간이 되는 미국의 새로운 인종을 제시한다. In “Revisiting Mark Twain’s Vision: Charles Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition,” I discuss Chesnutt’s critical re-appropriation of the already firmly settled notions of black criminality and victimization of white ladies, white racial purity, and white supremacy; and especially his suggestion of the new American race for the perpetual survival of both blacks and whites, and above all America as a nation. I point out the fact that by presenting his futuristic vision on the new American race through the authorial voice of an extremely marginalized black woman, Chesnutt thus calls for a society in which race no more functions as a hindrance to any individual. As both Twain and Chesnutt use doubling as one of the significant metaphors in their character-making, I adopt the notion of twin and read Twain and Chesnutt as authorial doubling. Chesnutt’s writing is not merely a black imitating works written by whites as it is very often seen in many post-colonial writings. I argue that Twain and Chesnutt are able to supplement one another through their own works. Chesnutt’s work can be seen as a response to nineteenth-century white supremacist fictions, and it presents a larger picture of the post-Reconstruction American history intentionally ignored in the popular genre of the plantation tales.

한국 영화와 문학 번역에 대한 접근법

달시 파켓(Darcy Paquet),최소담(번역자) 계간 서정시학 2022 서정시학 Vol.32 No.3

정부 신(新)남방·신(新)북방 정책과 한-메콩 물관리연구센터 소개

박진혁,박상영,조영현,안윤호,최소담,Park, Jin-Hyeok,Park, Sang-Yeong,Jo, Yeong-Hyeon,An, Yun-Ho,Choe, So-Dam 한국수자원학회 2020 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.53 No.8