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신통축어탕(身痛逐瘀湯)이 Hydrogen Peroxide에 의해 손상(損傷)된 배양(培養) 척수감각신경세포(脊髓感覺神經細胞)에 미치는 영향(影響)
이계승,나영훈,차용석,허윤,김도환,한상혁,박병민,이인,문병순,Lee, Kye-Seung,Na, Young-Hoon,Cha, Yong-Suk,Heo, Yun,Kim, Do-Hwan,Han, Sang-Hyok,Park, Byong-Min,Lee, In,Moon, Byung-Soon 대한한방내과학회 2001 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.22 No.4
Objectives : This study was carried out to examine toxic effect of Sintongchukeo-tang on cultured mouse spinal sensory neurons inhibited by neurotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide. Methods : MTT assay, NR assay, LDH and neurofilament assay were performed after spinal sensory neurons were preincubater with various concentrations of Sintongchukeo-tang water extract before treatment of cells with hydrogen peroxide. Results : Hydrogen peroxide induced ceil degeneration such as the decrease of cell viability was measured by MTT and NR assay in the cultured mouse spinal sensory neurons. Sintongchukeo-tang water extract was effective in the decrease of LDH activities of neurons produced by hydrogen peroxide. Sintongchukeo-tang water extract was effective in the increase of amount of neurofilaments damaged by hydrogen peroxide. Conclusions : From the above results, it is suggested that hydrogen peroxide induces the inhibition of cell viability in cultured mouse spinal sensory neurons and Sintongchukeo-tang water extract was effective in cultured neurons damaged by hydrogen peroxide.
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조건부가치평가법을 이용한 한국 프로야구 비디오 판독의 가치 추정
차재혁 ( Jae Hyuk Cha ),차용석 ( Young Suk Cha ),장경로 ( Kyung Ro Chang ) 한국스포츠산업경영학회 2015 한국스포츠산업경영학회지 Vol.20 No.3
본 연구에서는 한국 프로야구 비디오 판독에 대해 프로야구 관중이 지각하는 가치를 추정함으로써 비디오 판독 시스템 구축을 위한 실증적 근거를 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 비시장재화의 가치를 측정하기 위한 방법으로 조건부가치평가법(CVM)을 적용하여 프로야구 관중의 지불의사(WTP)를 산출하였으며, 프로야구 연고지 5개 도시에 거주하는 20세 이상 프로야구 관중 500명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였다. 수집한 자료 중 불성실 응답과 저항성 응답을 제외한 총 474부를 최종유효 표본으로 활용하여 분석한 결과, 프로야구 관중이 지각하는 현재 프로야구 오심의 심각성, 비디오 판독 도입 찬성 여부가 관중의 WTP에 정적(+)영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이외에 제시된 가격이 높아질수록 WTP에 부적(-) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 일반 경제이론에 부합하는 것으로 판명되었으며, 응답자의 소득 수준이 높아질수록 WTP 역시 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 산출된 한국 프로야구 비디오 판독에 대한 프로야구 관중의 WTP는 개인당 평균 1,841원으로 추정되었다. 한편 본 연구에서 수행된 비디오 판독의 가치추정법을 타 스포츠 종목에도 적용한다면 프로스포츠 팬들이 지각하는 경기의 공정성에 대한 정량적 가치를 추정할 수 있을 것으로 판단한다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the baseball fan`s perceived benefits for the instant replay system in Korean Professional Baseball League(KPBL). Recently, complaints have been growing over a series of controversial calls by umpires in KPBL, and there is a spreading public sentiment that Korea Baseball Organization(KBO) should expand its video review like Major League Baseball. Therefore, KBO determined to expand instant replay system in second half of season for 2014. However, it is necessary to conduct the feasibility study as expanding its instant replay system required a huge capital investment. It needs to understand the baseball fan`s perceived benefit to ensure validity for the expansion of the system. By applying the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) and creating double-bound dichotomous choice and open-ended questionnaires, the Willingness to Pay(WTP) by average individual was estimated. Using CVM, it is able to identify the information of demand and benefit for certain goods. In this study, a survey was carried out targeting the baseball fans over 20s and established the range of the WTP amount based on the pretest. The WTP varies with environment or economic conditions of the respondents as well as personal characteristics or preference. Therefore, WTP function was set by considering not only the number of watching baseball games and the fan`s perception of misjudgement, the favor for the expansion of instant replay system but also individual income. The result revealed that the fan`s perception of misjudgement, assent to Instant Replay System and individual income had influenced on WTP. In this study, we calculated WTP for the instant replay system based on the baseball fan`s perception. Therefore, this study provides theoretical implications for the researchers and practical implications for practitioners.
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車鏞碩,李宇榮 경북대학교 법정대학 1973 法大論叢 Vol.11 No.-
This study has been mainly undertaken to analyze the character and function of the Russian Communist Regime, especially clarifying the relationship of law to politics and economics. In the first place these writers have surveyed the variety of the Marxism in the modern world and found that the Lowenthal, phrase "The history of world communism is at an end" and Djilas's assertion "The obsession with power…… the essence of modern communism…… is at the root of all the evils that modern totalitarian states generate" are rightly suited to the Soviet Russian Regime. This has been true not only of Leninism and Stalinism but of the presen regime of Breznev, who is striving to consolidate his own political authority and dictatership under the name of collective leadership through his present revival movement of Stalinism and has manifested his determination to revise a new constitution. In the second place the writers have recognized the necessity to evaluate the strength and weakness of the Russian system and the beliefs and values on which it is founded by studying the reationship of law to politics, economics and party politics. Making clear the classic views of law of Marx and Engels, they have compared them with those of the Soviet Russian dictators, especially through the study of the Soviet Criminal Law which may express in a most vivid and real way what the political regime stands for. There work two systems of governing people; one is a system of law and the other a system of force (terror). Here law occupies saubordinate position with reference to politics. In the strict sense of the word there are not many realms in which the rule of law and due process of law are applied. These doctrines are workable only to the nonpolitical crimes at most. Every law in the Soviet Union is enacted, interpreted and applied ultimately to protect and strengthen the Soviet dictatorship of few people and the communist party policy.
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