루브라참나무 23개 산지의 생장특성 비교

조도현,유근옥,김인식,( Do Hyun Cho ),( Keun Ok Ryu ),( In Sik Kim ) 한국임학회 2011 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.-

〈銀愛傳〉의 문학적 특징과 교육적 효용성

조도현(Do-hyun, Cho) 어문연구학회 2011 어문연구 Vol.70 No.-

〈은애전〉은 조선 정조(正祖) 대에 일어난 살인사건을 바탕으로 한 실화의 재구성이다. 자신을 무고했던 한 노파에게 무참한 살인으로 응징을 가하는 은애의 살인행위에 대한 정당성 이 이 작품의 핵심내용이다. 〈은애전〉은 ‘법과 윤리’라는 양립적 가치 판단에 대하여 18세기 조선사회가 안고 있는 고뇌의 흔적을 보여 준다. 작가 이덕무가 〈은애전〉을 창작한 이유는 다음과 같다. 그는 먼저 이 작품을 통해 윤리의식을 고취하고자 하였다. 자신의 억울함을 풀기 위해 살인까지 저질렀던 김은애의 사건을 알려 백성의 교화 수단으로 활용하고자 했던 것이다. 또한 이 작품을 통해 교육적으로 활용하고자 하였다. 특히 여성교육의 핵심인 정절을 강조하여 가부장제 가족제도 안에서 바람직한 여성상을 제시하였다. 이 작품의 특징은 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 윤리적 주제의 부각이다. 이는 〈은애전〉을 읽는 독자들에게 가장 강력하게 제시하는 당위적 개념이다. 둘째, 사실과 허구의 양면적 구성이다. 작가는 객관적 서술방식을 통해 사실성을 확보하며 허구를 넘나드는 입체적 구성을 보여주었다. 셋째, 인물의 성격과 갈등상황을 역동적으로 제시하였다. 이 작품은 인물을 개성 있게 그려내고 사건을 생동감 넘치게 재현하여 소설적 느낌을 잘 살리고 있다. 〈은애전〉은 문학 교육적 효용성을 전제하고 지은 작품이다. 도덕정치의 꿈을 이루고자 백성들에 대한 교육의 수단으로 문학을 생각한 정조의 사상은 〈은애전〉 편찬에 반영되었다. 또한, 정조의 어명을 받은 작가 이덕무는 여성교육의 필요성을 인식하고 도리를 실천하기 위한 방편으로 〈은애전〉의 교육적 활용을 염두에 두었다. 〈Enaejeon〉 was reconstituted based on a true story of a murder case which occurred during the Reign of King Jeong Jo in the Joseon Dynasty. A key content of this work is involved with explaining justification of the act of Enae’s killing an old woman cruelly who accused her. 〈Enaejeon〉 contains traces of mental anguish Joseon society had in the 18th century in relation to the ambivalent value judgment of ‘law and morality’. The reason why a writer, Yi Deok Moo created 〈Enaejeon〉 is as follows: First of all, he tried to instill ethics through this work. He intended to let the public know about the case of Kim Eun Ae who killed a person in order to disentangle an injustice. In addition, he tried to use this work in an educational way. In particular, he proposed a desirable image of a woman in the patriarchal family system stressing fidelity which was a core of the education of women. The characteristics of this work are summarized as follows: First, one of them is involved with an emphasis on ethical themes. It is an essential notion which is proposed to readers reading 〈Enaejeon〉 the most strongly. Second, it is involved with twofold composition of facts and fiction. The author secures realism through an objective narrative style and showed three-dimensional composition covering both facts and fiction. Third, he provided personalities of characters and their conflict situations in a dynamic way. This work portrays the characters uniquely and reproduced the incident vividly to show feelings of a novel well. 〈Enaejeon〉 is a work written for the purpose of educational utility of literature. King Jeong Jo’s ideology was reflected in the publication of 〈Enaejeon〉 to consider literary as a means of teaching people in order to realize his dream of moral politics. In addition, Yi Deok Moo who received King Jeong Jo’s royal command recognized a necessity of the education of women and kept the educational use of 〈Enaejeon〉 in mind as a means of practicing morality.

〈주생전〉의 현실지향과 미학적 특질

조도현(Do-hyun Cho) 어문연구학회 2007 어문연구 Vol.55 No.-

Classical literature written in the 17th century is very important in the history of Korean literature. After Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, there was a big change in the overall society, such as breakdown of medieval concept, the movements between social positions and the conflict of social stratum. These changes gave a great impact on the culture, art and even classical literature. That is, the style of novel in those days showed its new aspects of modern reality, comparing with the former novel which had a lot of romantic elements. As a result, the Japanese Invasion of Korea made a various kinds of arts and writings done. When it comes to Jusaengjeon, it was made in this changing mood. Jusaengjeon written by Phil Kwon, in the middle of Josun Dynasty is about a tragedy love story. This work played a big role for the following works like A story of Woonyoung, A Story of Chun-poong Lee, A story of Chunhyang which were about triple love affairs. Love story is a typical genre by showing the taste of the public in its theme and one of them, Jusaengjeon is considered as a developed one throughout Japanese Invasion of Korea. Thanks to this trend, a recognition of pure fiction, A Story of Gil-dong Hong and A Story of Chuck Choi could be written. Therefore, this Jusaengjeon had a great influence on the later novel in the visual characteristics and statue. The novels written later had a similar point of view with Jusaengjeon in showing difficulties of hierarchy and the life of people in the Middle Ages. First of all, the feature of Jusaengjeon is remarkable in spread of the modern recognition. And this is big different from the former novels because Jusaengjeon dealt with escaping from the ghost stories and the describing individual characters in it. In other words, Jusaengjeon showed there was few differences in jobs by describing Jusaeng, who is a ruined peer and lives on a merchant. In addition, by showing that the main character, Jusaeng had a wandering life and felt frustrated at love and failed in getting back to his social position, the readers can easily figure out how much Jusaeng suffered. And we also can find these frustration and failure in life to other characters like a Baedo and a Sunwha. These are not good enough for the perfect escape from the paradigm of the Middle Ages but it is meaningful in more improved plot in love and desire for higher social level. Moreover, this Jusaengjeon has the reality of Japanese Invasion of Korea. Despite of the background of Jusaengjeon is China, not Korea, this work is meaningful in portraying the very moment of the invasion based on the reality. These aspects strengthen its significance in reflecting the life of writers of those days who were increased after Jusaengjeon. Shortly, Jusaengjeon played an important role in circulating the next classical novel with others written in the different ages and widening the field of love story in the 17th century.

〈薛公瓚傳〉을 통해 본 초기소설의 유통양상

조도현(Do-hyun Cho) 어문연구학회 2006 어문연구 Vol.51 No.-

  〈Sulgongchanjun〉 was considered as an excellent work in the first stage in Korean, prior to 〈Honggildongjun〉. In the True Record of the Joseon Dynasty which especially was written in the 6th year of King Joong(in 1511), there was 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 in Korean. As this shows, we can regard that 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 had much effect on the next following the novels written in Korean, although this book was originally created in Chinese. Actually, there were many works in Korean, such as 〈Wangrangbanghonjun〉 and 〈Joosangjun〉 by Kwonphil after 〈Sulgongchanjun〉. As this trend went by, the base of Korean literature had been well founded. Based on this theory, we can find out some results from 〈Sulgongchanjun〉.<BR>  First of all, we can figure out the flow of the origin from outside and also inside. The flow from outside is that there were already the basic motivation and writers, which epic can be developed. In this situation, novels written at that time naturally had a base of their circulation and the writer, who wrote 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 could make his own motive from recognition about a decisive novel. The motive from inside is the constructive feature would be its main characteristic. As we think of "Transmigrationism", a fictional biography, which was popular between the public, began to have a from. This was the factors immanent in the circulation as the reading materials and the oral folklores.<BR>  Next, 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 studied the subjects and methods of the flow. Some of the core readers enjoyed the merits in the structure of epics, a sense of the main points, the characters and background of the novel. In spite of the conservative social mood. Moreover, it was getting more readers. The writer, Chaesoo criticized the administration at that time through his work, 〈Sulgongchanjun〉. That means, Chaesoo satirized the situation of politics in his days with a fanciful story. And the readers, who could get imagination through the unrealistic fiction, played an important role as main subjects for the circulation of a novel. In addition, we can easily find that 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 has had various forms, such as 〈Sulgongchanhonjun〉 or 〈Sulgongchanyee〉 which was oral folklores.<BR>  Third, the writer deeply studied the meaning of literature history through his book. Especially, 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 was confirmed as the former Korean novel of 〈Honggildongjun〉 and also gave a huge impact on the next Korean literature. There were many works written in Korean after 〈Sulgongchanjun〉. As times went by, the base of Korean literature had been well founded. Besides, this 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 is very meaningful in its structure and art. Regarding there were many well-organized and more perfect novels in Korean, we can see 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 as a basis of all these things. 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 has left its footprints in the lineage of classic novel. 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 let us know what the functions of a novel are in society. This could be found in the way of that 〈Sulgongchanjun〉 described very critically the current government by using the setting of the world beyond. Obviously, showing the current state of administration and how the people thought about their government is so crucial in history.<BR>  〈Sulgongchanjun〉 is not so perfect but it had a more improved form in contents criticizing the real world through the main character, Sulgongchan. And it means the real start of the classic novel prior to 〈Honggildongjun〉 and also important in the meaning of being read to majority of citizens.

아토피안 자조 집단의 사회운동 조직적 성격

조도현(Do Hyun Cho),조대엽(Dae Yop Cho) 한국인문사회과학회 2008 현상과 인식 Vol.32 No.4

이 글은 아토피안들의 자조 집단인 ‘수수팥떡 아이사랑 모임’(아사모)에 대한 사례연구를 통해 자조 집단이 갖는 사회운동 조직으로서의 특성을 분석하려는 목적을 갖는다. 자조 집단의 출현에 영향을 미친 배경 요인과 동윈 과정, 조직의 정체성 등을 고찰한바, 아사모는 자조 집단의 전형적 특성을 모두 보유하고 있었으며 사회운동 조직의 요건들도 모두 충족하고 있다. 스스로를 돕고 서로 간의 문제를 함께 개선하고 해결하기 위해 조직된 전형적인 자조 집단인 아사모는 구생원들이 자신 혹은 자신의 자녀들의 질환을 호선시키기 위해 공유된 집합적 정체성을 형성하는 과정에서 주류의 가치 질서 및 문화와 불가피하게 갈등 관계에 노출될 수밖에 없었으며, 이 과정에서 이들의 실천 방식은 배제된 실재를 구성하게 되었다. 주류 질서와의 갈등이 폭력적 혹은 표면적으로 부각되어 있지 않더라도 자기 변화를 실현하기 위한 실천의 과정이 이미 현존하는 질서와 가치를 변화시키려는 사회 변동적 목표를 추구한다고 볼 수 있기 때문에 자조 집단 아사모의 존재 양식은 시회운동 조직과 크게 다르지 않다는 결론을 도출하였다 The purpose of this article was to analyze the significant similarity and distinction between self help groups(SHG) and social movement organizations(SMO). Relying on various social movement and self help group theories, this article conducted a case study on ASAMO, an atopic SHG. Dynamics on emergence of ASAMO as well as identity and characteristic of the subject were analyzed. The results of this study indicated that ASAMO, defined as a SHG, also can be redefined as SMO concurrently. ASAMO, a typical SHG, voluntarily organized to improve the alterable, pressing, personal problems of members by providing mutual aids and active interactions to each other within the group, unavoidably formed conflicting realities against mainstream values and orders throughout the process of building its ‘shared collective identity’. SHG’ s conflicts against mainstream reality may not be appeared as violently and seemingly as those of SMO’s, but SHG’s actions taken under the purpose of self-change already possess inherent value of social-change within themselves. In general, results suggest that both given and acquired characteristics of ASAMO, the SHG, are considerably similar to original nature of SMO.

고전소설의 연행과 장르 변개 양상 - 사설시조와의 상관성을 중심으로 -

조도현(Cho Do-hyun) 우리말글학회 2005 우리말 글 Vol.33 No.-

Classical novel is a representative epic style of the post Chosun Dynasty when the prosaic sprite started. This style has been developed as a main Korean epic literature. For this, it was necessary that there be an endless heaping and growing of many materials. And it was used for the communicating between receivers and the advance of beauty.<br/> This treatise is written for investigating a literary status with classical novel through consideration of performance of classical novel and aspects of changing genres.<br/> Summarizing the results of this study is following.<br/> First, classical novel has showed the more developed aspects of changing genres. And it's compared with a performance which had been a main role in its circular process. Through this, classical novel was no more fixed within a text but a literature focused on reality. Especially, expanding the reader's want about literature, the post Chosun Dynasty when genres had dissolved and represented modern inclination includes sings about changing whether lyric literature or epic literature. On this basis, the performance of classical novel had changed into more professional and commercial by spread of demand. And the appearance of professional narrator brought more sophisticated and advanced delivery methods in circulation of the novel. It also showed that classical novel had become cubic as a show.<br/> Next, classical novel brought the varied new style by growing and branching out and it made the different style of literature and itself give and take their own effects. Specially, changing mode of classical novel gave and took some relative effects with a form of sijo with no restriction on the length of the first two verses. And in the course where a form of sijo with no restriction on the length of the firs two verses had received the novel's character, I can see the whole changing process of the classical novel. So, by making a format of the changing process, I can make up the following three intensive ways ; acceptance of novel materials in a form of sijo with no restriction on the length of the first two verses, making a form of sijo with no restriction on the length of the first two verses by condensation of novel contents, acceptance of novel's telling method in a form of sijo with no restriction on the length of the first two verses. As a results, I can see the various changing aspects of classical novel and it's main function in dissolving literature style, ranging a passive reception about materials for novel and an actively reception about novel's telling method.<br/> Lastly, classical novel that represents the history of epic literature has had changing mode of genre in not only sijo but whole field of poetic literature. Through this, a new concept literature has shown up and this was different from a fixed idea's genre. This caused by the historical background that feudalism was dissolved. The epic literature was the common people's thought and it was from their own special character. And this epic literature tried to find a new point to contact with other genres. Therefore, novel has had the result which another intention has extended by communicating with poetic literature. And this has showed that novel played an important role in the epic literature as well as the whole Korean literature.(Hanbat National University)

<용夫傳>에 나타난 조선전기 사대부의 규범 일탈과 문학성

조도현 ( Do Hyun Cho ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2015 인문학연구 Vol.53 No.3

〈용夫傳〉은 成侃이 지은 조선전기 假傳의 대표적 작품으로, 전체233자의 한자로 이루어진 단편이다. <용부전〉은 이처럼 지극히 짧은 분량이면서도, 당대 사대부들이 지녔던 규범의 인식이 예리하게 표현되어 있어 가치가 매우 높다. 특히 고려시대에 비해 상대적으로 희소한 조선전기의 가전이라는 점, 조선중기에 촉발한 ‘마음의 의인화’기법을 구현했다는 점에서 문학적 의미가 있다 또한 앞선 고려시대 이규보의 〈용諷〉을 이어받고, 작가의 아우인 성현의 〈嘲용〉에 계숭되는 .게으름’을 주제로 하나의 문학적 계통을 세웠다는 점은 이색적인 흥미를 던져주고 있다. 이에 본고에서는 〈용부전〉에 나타난 조선전기 사대부의 규범과 일탈의 의미를 탐색하였다. 첫째, <용부전〉의 형성 배경과 창작 동기를 살펴보았다 작가 성간은 心性을 본격적으로 다룬 전대 작품 이규보의 〈용풍〉에 영향을 입어〈용부전〉을 창작하였는데, 기존의 주제 의식과 변별하여 ‘게으름’의 가치를 존중하는 주제를 보여주었다. 둘째, <용부전〉에 나타난 조선전기 사대부의 규범과 일탈의 의미를 살펴보았다. <용부전〉은 용부(게으름)와 근수자(부지런함)를 등장시켜용부의 게으름을 근수자가 학문으로 고치지 못하고 음주가무로 고치게 되었다는 내용이다. 이 작품에서 작가는 인간의 존엄성과 고귀함을 통해 자신의 세계관을 표현하려 하였다 작가가 지향하는 궁극적 세계관은 당대 규범을 벗어난 인간 본연의 자유로움이며, 이를 통해 인생의 여유를 즐기려는 태도를 지니고 있다. 셋째. <용부전〉의문학적 가치를 살펴보았다 먼저 〈용부전〉은 고려시대로부터 이어져 오는 가전문학을 조선전기에 계승·발전시킨 작품이다. 또한, <용부전〉의 등장 이후 조선중기에 이르러 발달했던 천군소설은 고소설의 하위장르로 ‘마음의의인화’라는 독특한 기법으로 구성되었다. 끝으로 〈용부전〉은‘게으름’이라는 소재를 통해 극히 드문 문학적 형상화를 보여주었다. (Yong Boo Jean) written by Seong-kan is a representative Gajeon(literary genre to personify objects and describe them in biographic fashion) in the early Joseon Dynasty. It is a short story composed of 233 Chinese characters. (Yang Boo jean) is very short but it sharply expresses life standard nobleman have in that time so it is very valuable. Especially it is Gajeon in the early Joseon Dynasty which is relatively infrequent in compared with works in the Goryeo Dynasty. Also, It has unique and interesting that it inherits spirit from (Yong Poong) written by Lee Gyu-bo in the precedent Gorye Dynasty and it builds a literary system as subject, "laziness" inherited from <Jo Yong) written by Seong-Hyun who is Seong-kan``s brother. Therefore, this thesis investigates standard and deviation of the early Joseon Dynasty nobleman in (Yang Boo jean) First, these are examined the background and writing motive in (Yong Boo Jean). When the writer, Seong-kan creates < Yang boo jean), his work is influenced by < Yong Poong) written by Lee Gyu-bo, which treated subject as nature. It shows the subject respecting "laziness" in different from existing subject of other works. Second, it is studied life standard and deviation of nobleman in < Yong Boo jean). < Yong Boo Jean) ``s main characters are Yong Boo(laziness) and Guen Su Ja(diligence). It has a story that Guen Su Ja couldn``t adjust Yong Boo``s laziness as study but could adjust him as drinking singing and dancing. In this work, writer wants to express his world-view as dignity and honorable of person. Writer``s world-view aims for freedom of person nature and he has attitude enjoying life. Third, it is examined the literary value in < Yang Boo jean). < Yang Boo jean) is the work that improves Gajeon inherited from the Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty. Also, it is specially consist of personification of mind that the Cheon-Goon novel which developed in the middle Joseon Dynasty on and after appearance of < Yang Boo jean). At last, < Yang Boo jean) shows rare literary imagery as material, "laziness".

〈酒肆丈人傳〉과〈郭索傳〉에 나타난 權韠의 作家意識

조도현(Cho Do-hyun) 한국어문학회 2009 語文學 Vol.0 No.106

Kwon Pil is a writer who had raised the status of ancient novels in the late of 16th and the early of 17th century, the important turning point of Joseon Dynasty. He succeeded in remarkable literary accomplishments by revealing his heart through self-examination and satirizing the wrong social aspects. Thanks to his literary talent, he made his fame in his times but, ironically it also made him drove to his death. He was a man of letters, who criticized contradiction of those times with his critical intelligence. In this thesis, I have reconfigured Kwon, Pil’s his attitudes in life and his literary world with two of his works, 〈JusaJanginJeon(주사장인전)〉 and 〈GuakSakJeon(곽삭전)〉. Even though these are not the main stream of his literature, they are well represented with his spirit of criticism and satire. The times he lived was before and after of Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. At that time, there were various changes in many aspects, especially in appearance of diverse writers and their words and description way as narrative literature had been flourish. For that example, there were other writers in his days, Huh Gyun and Jo Wi-Han. Both of them were remarkable authors in history of novel. Like arts, literature can get synergistic effects through leading a main stream of literature by some group of writers. And these could be done with interacting each other. Actually, the literary interaction between them made the former term which literary fiction could afford to leap after the 17th century. In this atmosphere, Kwon Pil produced brilliant achievements and broadened out his literary realm in descriptive literature as well as lyric letters which had been considered only for the gentry. He left four descriptive letters, which played an important connecting role between the former fictions and the later ones in literature history of ancient times. From then on, novel literature not only had extended denotation but contributed to raising its quality. Specially, Kwon showed very high quality in art character with unique expressive ways of morphology in his each work. 〈JusaJanginJeon〉 and 〈GuakSakJeon〉 are different from his other works such as 〈JusangJeon〉 and 〈WigyeongchunJeon〉. That is, he sublimated the beauty of satire and criticism by allegorically illuminating the motif with pretext and personification. This means he accepted the traditional descriptive expression ways and bridged the later new types of literature like allegorical story and personification story. Literature tends to show the spirit of times and the way a writer reacts because it is from his personality and his outlook on the world with letters. In this point, 〈JusaJanginJeon〉 and 〈GuakSakJeon〉 have characteristics in common that seriously criticized and satirized the society in those days. A flash of wit of Kwon’s literary talent was figured, as it is, in literary words with his experience and insight. Also, he did not limit the boundary of literature. Therefore, 〈JusaJanginJeon〉 and 〈GuakSakJeon〉 are the best works that represented author awareness on his satirical and critical spirit.

〈춘향전〉 변이의 영상텍스트적 모색과 전망

조도현(Cho Do-hyun) 우리말글학회 2011 우리말 글 Vol.51 No.-

<만덕전(萬德傳)>에 나타난 여성성의 의미 탐색

조도현 ( Do Hyun Cho ) 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 인문학연구 Vol.38 No.3

<Mandeokjeon> is a biography of a real person, Mandeok who lived in Jeju-do. It is a work to record good deeds of Mandeok who was a woman from Jeju and is contained in Chae, Je-Gong`s 『Beonamjip』. This work was written to honor her righteous spirit, and to let her good deeds known to the public for everyone to emulate her. Above all, the reason why <Mandeokjeon> acquires a meaning today is because the heroine, Mandeok was a self-made person who overcame limited conditions. Her position was in miserable circumstances with nothing outstanding in the Joseon Dynasty period when Confucian ethics and ruling order were still maintained. Her life was filled with hardships and adversity in that she was a woman, in that she suffered from disturbed backgrounds losing her parents in her childhood, and in that she was a gisaeng of insignificance etc. Nevertheless, Mandeok not only won through the process wisely but also performed good deeds to relieve Jeju people with her wealth she accumulated with difficulty. Her activities who is pointed out as a typical figure of successful women with her outstanding spirit and righteous character in the late Joseon Dynasty period are worthy of notice in many ways. The story of Mandeok who changed socially accepted ideas at that time as a woman, manager, and social activist was conveyed to even king to be honorably recorded as a biography by a famous subject, Chae Je Gong. Her praiseworthy mind taught the people big lessons through her impressive stories, and gave hope and encouragement to women at that time. As mentioned above, <Mandeokjeon> shows the recognition and status of the women in the late Joseon Dynasty period, and is a typical work to play an important role in the Korean women literature.