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다양한 조류종들의 세포외 유기물질에서의 염소 소독부산물 생성 특성
손희종 ( Hee Jong Son ),박홍기 ( Hong Ki Park ),황영도 ( Young Do Hwang ),정종문 ( Jong Moon Jung ),김상구 ( Sang Goo Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.4
Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) including trihalomethans (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) from chlorination of six different species (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp., Anabaena cylindrical, Microcystis aeruginosa, Asterionella formosa and Aulacoseira sp.) of algal extracellular organic matter (EOM). The EOM characteristics evaluation of six algal species reaching at the stationary phase in the growth curve showed most of its SUVA254 showed below 1 and this means hydrophilic organic matter is much higher than hydrophobic organic matter. Chloroform formation potential (CFFP), dichloroacetic acid formation potential (DCAAFP) and trichloroacetic acid formation potential (TCAAFP) were mainly composed of THMFP and HAAFP in the EOM of various algal species. In the case of THMFP/DOC and HAAFP/DOC values, EOM of blue-green algae has appeared highest and EOM of green algae and diatom in order. THMFP/DOC was higher than HAAFP/DOC in EOM of blue-green algae. In comparison of formation potential by unit DOC composed of HAAFP in algal species EOM, DCAAFP/DOC was 1.5 times to 7.5 time higher than TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of blue-green algae, while DCAAFP/DOC was found to be relatively high compared to TCAAFP/DOC in the EOM of green algae and diatom.
남조류의 염소처리에 따른 미량의 염소 소독부산물 생성에 관한 연구
손희종 ( Hee Jong Son ),정종문 ( Jong Moon Jung ),염훈식 ( Hoon Sik Yeom ),최진택 ( Jin Taek Choi ),장성호 ( Seong Ho Jang ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.8
Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) including trihalomethans (THMs), haloacetic acid (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and others from chlorination of algogenic organic matter (AOM) of Microcystis sp., a blue-green algae. AOM of Microcystis sp. exhibited a high potential for DBPs formation. HAAs formation potential was higher than THMs and HANs formation potential. The percentages of dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) formation potential were 43.4% and 51.4% in the total HAAs formation potential. In the case of HANs formation potential, percentage of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) formation potential was 97.7%. Other DBPs were aldehydes and nitriles such as acetaldehyde, methylene chloride, isobutyronitrile, cyclobutanecarbonitrile, pentanenitrile, benzaldehyde, propanal, 2-methyl, benzyl chloride, (2-chloroethyl)-benzene, benzyl nitrile, 2-probenenitrile and hexanal.
생물활성탄 공정에서의 Sulfonamide계 항생물질 제거특성
손희종(Hee Jong Son),정종문(Jong Moon Jung),노재순(Jae Soon Roh),유평종(Pyung Jong Yu) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.2
생물활성탄 재질별 sulfonamide계 항생물질 5종의 생분해능을 조사한 결과 유입수의 수온 25℃에서 EBCT 변화에 따른 생물분해율을 평가한 결과, 석탄계 재질의 생물활성탄은 EBCT 5~20분에서 18~82%, 야자계나 목탄계의 경우는 11~67% 및 4~56%로 나타나 석탄계 재질의 생물활성탄에서 가장 높은 생물분해능을 나타내었다. Sulfonamide계 5종에 대한 물질별 생분해능을 평가한 결과, 석탄계 재질의 생물활성탄에서 5~20분의 EBCT에서 SCP, SMT 및 STZ는 30~80%, SDM과 SMX는 18~70% 정도의 생분해율을 나타내어 SDM과 SMX가 다른 3종 보다는 생물분해능이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 유입수의 수온 상승에 따라 5~20분의 EBCT에서 생물분해율은 크게 증가하였고, 유입수의 수온이 5℃일 경우 sulfonamide계 항생물질 5종에 대한 생물분해 속도상수는 0.0094~0.0118 min(-1), 반감기는 58.7~73.7분으로 나타났으며, 수온이 15℃ 및 25℃일 경우는 생물분해 속도상수가 0.0307~0.0397 min(-1) 및 0.0468~0.0718 min(-1)로 나타났고, 반감기 17.5~22.6분 및 9.7~14.8분으로 나타났다. 유입수의 수온이 5℃에서 15℃로 상승할 경우 sulfonamide계 항생물질 5종에 대한 생물분해 속도상수는 3.2~3.8배 정도 증가하였으며, 수온이 15℃에서 25℃로 상승할 경우는 1.5~1.9배 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the effects of three different biological activated carbon (BAC) materials (each coal, coconut and wood based activated carbons), empty bed contact time (EBCT) and water temperature on the removal of sulfonamide 5 species in BAC filters were investigated. Experiments were conducted at three water temperatures (5, 15 and 25℃) and four EBCTs (5, 10, 15 and 20 min). The results indicated that coal based BAC retained more attached bacterial biomass on the surface of the activated carbon than the other BACs, increasing EBCT or increasing water temperature increased the sulfonamide 5 species removal in BAC columns. In the coal-based BAC columns, sulfachloropyridazine (SCP), sulfamethazine (SMT) and sulfathiazole (STZ) removal efficiencies were 30~80% and sulfadi-methoxine (SDM), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiencies were 18~70% for 5~20 min EBCT at 25℃. The kinetic analysis suggested a first-order reaction model for sulfonamide 5 species removal at various water temperatures (5~25℃). The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants and half-lives were also calculated for sulfonamide 5 species removal at 5~25℃. The reaction rate and half-lives of sulfonamide 5 species ranging from 0.0094~0.0718 min(-1) and 9.7 to 73.7 min various water temperaturs and EBCTs in this study could be used to assist water utilities in designing and operating BAC filters for sulfonamide antibiotic compounds removal.