試析明朝文臣出使朝鮮中的“卻女樂”問題 -以倪謙出使朝鮮爲中心-

전영,Zhao sijia 충남대학교 인문과학연구소 2019 인문학연구 Vol.58 No.1

在明朝與朝鮮兩國漫長的交往過程中,互通使臣是兩國重要的外交形式,1449年建文帝派遣學識舉止具備的文臣倪謙出使朝鮮,使得明朝與朝鮮外交進入以文化交流爲主的新局面。不過在明朝文臣出使朝鮮的過程中,因兩國禮制風俗的不同,出現了一些禮儀上的差異和爭執,“是否在宴會中使用女樂”便是其中之一。“女樂”是朝鮮禮樂制度中的重要一環,在宴請明朝使臣中使用,但絕大多數的明朝文臣使者對朝鮮在出行途中及宴饗上所獻女樂卻持拒絕態度,這種“卻女樂”問題的出現,實質上是明朝與朝鮮在不同禮儀制度與意識形態下沖突的產物。本文將以倪謙的出使爲中心,通過分析其出使途中所遇的“女樂”問題,探究其背後的原因及影響。 The envoys communication always be an important diplomatic form in the intercourse between Ming and Joseon. Since the Jianwen Emperor had dispatched one of his civil officials, the erudite and decent Ni Qian, to Joseon in 1449, the cultural exchanges started to become the mainstream of their communication activities. However, due to the differences between two countries’ etiquette systems and convention, disputes consequently appeared, one of which was the controversy over the application of the performances offered by female singers and dancers in the banquet.“The performances offered by female singers and dancers”, which had been resisted by most of Ming’s envoys, acted as a concernful element in Joseon’s institution of rites and music, and had been applied in the banquet for Ming’s envoys. This paper believes that, this boycott of “the performances offered by female singers and dancers” is production of collision of those two different etiquette systems and ideologies. This research takes Ni Qian’s missions as the main case, and then explores the reasons behind his boycott attitude and deduces the impact of his actions of boycott, by analyzing accompanied problems of “the performances offered by female singers and dancers”.

2009 개정 교육과정에 따른 화학II교과서에 포함된 탐구 활동 분석: 8가지 과학 실천을 중심으로

전영,최애란,Jeon, Young,Choi, Aeran 대한화학회 2016 대한화학회지 Vol.60 No.1

최근 과학교육에서 강조되고 있는 과학적 소양의 함양은 과학 지식이 형성되는 일련의 탐구 과정을 경험하고 이해함으로써 향상될 수 있다. 이러한 관점에서 미국연구회(NRC)의 차세대과학기준(NGSS)은 학생들의 과학 탐구 과정 경험과 이해를 돕기 위하여 8가지 과학 실천(8 Practices of Science)을 제안하였고, 8가지 과학 실천 각각에 대하여 학년 군별 세부성취 목표를 제시하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2009 개정 교육과정에 따른 고등학교 화학II교과서 4종에 포함된 탐구 활동을 8가지 과학 실천과 9-12학년군 세부 성취 목표를 기준으로 분석하였다. 4종의 화학II교과서에 포함된 탐구 활동은 총 173개 이고 분석된 과학 실천은 총 678개 이었다. 4종 화학II교과서의 탐구 활동에 포함된 과학 실천은 ‘자료 분석하고 해석하기’가 가장 많았고, ‘증거에 입각하여 논의하기’, ‘정보를 얻고 평가하고 의사소통하기’등은 상대적으로 그 기회가 부족하였으며, ‘질문하고 문제 규정하기’와 ‘모형 개발하고 사용하기’는 거의 포함되어 있지 않았다. The cultivation of scientific literacy in recent science education can be improved by experiencing and understanding scientific inquiry by which scientific knowledge is formed. The National Research Council(NRC) released the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) including 8 practices of science that help students experience scientists' inquiry and subdividing achievement standards to perform 8 practices of science into by grade clusters. This study was intended to examine science inquiry activities included in 4 high school chemistry II textbooks developed by the 2009 revised curriculum using the 8 scientific practices and their achievement standards for 9th-12th grade. The science inquiry activities and the science practices included in the 4 textbooks were 173 and 678. The science practices included in the inquiry activities of 4 textbooks included the most ‘analyzing and interpreting data.’ The ‘engaging in argument from evidence’, ‘Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information’ were less than other practices. The ‘asking questions and defining problem’ and ‘developing and using models’ were not nearly included in the 4 high school chemistry II textbooks.

한우(韓牛)의 바베시아와 다이레리아 원충(原蟲)의 감염실태(感染實態) 조사(調査)

전영,Jeon, Yeong 대한수의학회 1978 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

A survey on the prevalence of babesiosis and theileriasis in Korean cattel was conducted and the results obtained were as follows: 1. A total of 401 examined cattle, 164 heads (40.9%) were infected either with babesiosis or theileriasis and the incidence of the diseases was ranged from 22.5% in April to 72.7% in August. 2. Ninty-four heads (22.9%) of cattle examined were infected with babesiosis and the incidence was ranged from 9.1% in August to 33.3% in September. 3. Seventy heads (17.5%) of cattle examined were infected with theileriasis and the incidence was ranged from 12.5% in May to 28.0% in March. 4. Seventy five heads (18.7%) were free of the diseases.

아나플라즈마병(病)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) 제(第) II 보(報) 한우(韓牛)에서 Anaplasma centrale 분리(分離)

전영,Jeon, Yeong 대한수의학회 1978 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

In order to isolate and identify Anaplasma bodies, two dairy cattle were inoculated with the whole blood of Korean cattle reacted to capillary tube agglutination test (Ana-test). The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the infected dairy cattle, Anaplasma bodies were first detected between 30 to 40 days post infection. 2. The isolates were identified as Anaplasma centrale on the basis of morphology of infected anaplasma bodies in erythocytes.

한우(韓牛)로부터 분리(分離)한 바베시아 원충(原蟲)의 동정(同定)

전영,Jeon, Yeong 대한수의학회 1978 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

In order to identify unknown Babesia spp. which was isolated from Korean cattle, the morphology of Korean strain was compared with that of Babesia bigemina (Kochinda strain) and Babesia spp. (Miyake strain). Immunofluorescent technique was used to identify the serological character of the parasites. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Korean strain was morphologically very similar to Babesia spp.(Miyake strain) which mostly showed parallel-bigeminate forms, while B. bigemina (Kochinda strain) was mostly round and oval forms. 2. By the indirect fluorescent antibody technique: a) Anti-Babesia spp. and Korean Babesia spp. sera showed a higher antibody titers with Babesia spp. (Miyake strain) antigen (1:500) than with B. bigemina (Kochinda strain) antigen (1:50). b) Anti-Babesia bigemina sera showed a lower titer with Babesia spp. antigen (1:50) than with B. bigemina antigen (1:250). 3. On the basis of morphological and serological confirmantions, a Babesia strain isolated from a Korean cattle was very similar, if not identical, to Miyake strain of Babesia spp.

唐 高宗時期의 對外關係 小考 : 異患의 相關性을 中心으로

全瑩 충남대학교 사학회 2000 忠南史學 Vol.12 No.-

中國 史料로 본 高句麗와 百濟 樂舞

전영,양로 백제학회 2018 백제학보 Vol.0 No.25

고구려와 백제는 장기간에 걸쳐 중국 왕조들과 교류하였다. 시기별 교류 특징이 각자 달리 나타나겠으나, 대개는 정치, 경제와 문화를 중심으로 이루어졌던 것 같다. 樂舞는 문화 교류의 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 한반도 삼국시대에 관한 중국 측 문헌기록의 중요성은 새삼 강조하지 않아도 주지하는 사실일 것이다. 따라서 중국 측 문헌은 한국 고대사 연구에서 간과할 수 없는 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이 글에서는 중국 사료에 나타나는 고구려와 백제 악무에 관한 기록을 중심으로, 관련 내용을 분류 정리하고, 아울러 이에 근거해 고구려와 백제 악무의 유사성과 차이점을 살폈다. 중국 사료에서 고구려와 백제 악무를 언급한 내용은 대개 여덟 가지로 나뉘는데, 高句麗 樂舞 曲名과 特性, 百濟樂舞歌曲 存況, 中原王朝에 전래된 기원, 高句麗樂舞에서 착용한 복식, 高句麗樂舞 樂器 使用狀況, 百濟樂舞에서 使用한 樂器, 十部伎 중 高麗伎에 관한 내용 등이다. 한편, 고구려와 백제 기악의 연관성과 관련해, 착용한 복식에 네 가지 유사점을 발견되는가 하면, 음악은 연주에서 차이점이 타나난다. 그리고 사료에 나타나는 百濟 樂舞의 ‘清雅’함은 고구려와 구별되는 백제 악무의 또 다른 특징이다. Goguryeo andBaekje were two important kingdoms in Korean Peninsula; both had frequent and prolonged exchanges with ancient China, which were highlighted by cultural exchanges. Ancient China’s historical records about Three Kingdoms of Korea predated Korean ones and were chief source of ancient Korean history books. Therefore, they are of great academic values. This paper combed and classified the records of traditional Korean dances of Goguryeo andBaekje in China’s historical records and studiedtheirsimilaritiesanddifferences.

중국 신월파와 영미 문학의 교류 양상과 영향 연구

전영 한국중어중문학회 2023 한국중어중문학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2023 No.4

톡소플라즈마원충(原蟲)(RH주(株))의 5년간 동결보존시험

전영,장환,Jeon, Yeong,Jang, Hwan 대한수의학회 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

Toxoplasma gondii frozen by the method of very slow cooling ($-30^{\circ}C/3hrs.{\rightarrow}\;-60^{\circ}C/lhr.{\rightarrow}\;-196^{\circ}C$ of liquid nitrogen)were inoculated mice after storage in the liquid nitrogen for 5 years. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in mice 4~5th day after intraperitoneal inoculation of organisms stored in the liquid nitrogen once a year for 5 years. 2. Toxoplasma gondii could be preserved longer than 5 years in liquid nitorgen being evidenced by the in vivo test.

한우(韓牛)의 바베시아병(病)에 대(對)한 혈청학적조사시험(血淸學的調査試驗)

전영,Jeon, Yeong 대한수의학회 1977 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

In this study, the serological survey on bovine babesiosis was conducted using indirect fluorescent antibody technique. A total of 472 serum samples were taken and tested with the following results. 1. 63.3% or 299 out of 472 serum samples were positive against bovine babesiosis. 2. The positive rate in Seoul, Jeon-buk and Jeju areas were 63.8, 30.6 and 91.4 per cent, respectively. 3. In spring, the rate of positive reaction was 37.5 to 54.0 per cent, in summer it was 69.1 to 81.8 per cent and in autumn 65.3 to 68.5 per cent.