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        Nobiletin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium-Treated Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

        정경훈,전민태,김흥덕,정운주,장민철,주진우,양승준,최일윤,최명숙,김상룡 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.4

        This study investigated the effect of nobiletin, a flavonoid found in citrus fruits, on the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in a neurotoxin model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) was unilaterally injected into the median forebrain bundle of rat brains (to generate a neurotoxin model of PD) with or without daily intraperitoneal injection of nobiletin. Our results showed that nobiletin treatment at 10 mg/kg bw, but not at 1 or 20 mg/kg bw, significantly protected DA neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of MPP+ -treated rats. In parallel to the neuroprotection, nobiletin treatment at 10 mg/kg inhibited microglial activation and preserved the expression of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, which is a therapeutic agent against PD, in the SN. These results suggest that the proper supplementation with nobiletin may protect against the neurodegeneration involved in PD.

      • KCI등재

        Silibinin Attenuates MPP1-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Substantia Nigra In Vivo

        정언주,전민태,최명숙,김상룡 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.5

        Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) pathway. The cause of neuronal death in PD is largely unknown, but it is becoming clear that inflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of PD. Silibinin is a major flavonoid in milk thistle which has an anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated whether silibinin could have neuroprotective effects on DA neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+ )-treated animal model of PD in vivo. To address this question, animals received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg of silibinin, starting 1 day before MPP+ injection and continued daily until 6 days post-lesion for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining, or until 1 hour prior to the MPP+ injection to examine the expression levels of inflammatory proteins. Finally, their brains were harvested at the indicated time points for the analyses. Silibinin treatment with 10 mg/kg had no significantly neuroprotective effects in the substantia nigra (SN). However, 50 and 100 mg/kg of silibinin ameliorated the MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity in the SN in a dose-dependent manner, and the increased levels of inflammatory molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by MPP+ treatment were attenuated by treatment with 100 mg/kg of silibinin. These results indicate that silibinin could be a useful and beneficial natural product offering promise for the prevention of DA neuronal degeneration involved in PD.

      • KCI등재

        Beneficial Effects of Silibinin Against Kainic Acidinduced Neurotoxicity in the Hippocampus in vivo

        김세환,정운주,오용석,전민태,김형준,신원호,홍정완,김상룡 한국뇌신경과학회 2017 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.26 No.5

        Silibinin, an active constituent of silymarin extracted from milk thistle, has been previously reported to confer protection to the adult brain against neurodegeneration. However, its effects against epileptic seizures have not been examined yet. In order to investigate the effects of silibinin against epileptic seizures, we used a relevant mouse model in which seizures are manifested as status epilepticus, induced by kainic acid (KA) treatment. Silibinin was injected intraperitoneally, starting 1 day before an intrahippocampal KA injection and continued daily until analysis of each experiment. Our results indicated that silibinin-treatment could reduce seizure susceptibility and frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) induced by KA administration, and attenuate granule cell dispersion (GCD), a morphological alteration characteristic of the dentate gyrus (DG) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Moreover, its treatment significantly reduced the aberrant levels of apoptotic, autophagic and pro-inflammatory molecules induced by KA administration, resulting in neuroprotection in the hippocampus. Thus, these results suggest that silibinin may be a beneficial natural compound for preventing epileptic events.

      • KCI등재

        Beneficial Effects of Hesperetin in a Mouse Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

        권재영,정운주,김동운,김세환,문경준,홍정완,전민태,신민상,장정호,김상룡 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.12

        Abnormal reorganization of the dentate gyrus and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus represent characteristic phenotypes of patients suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy. Hesperetin, a flavanone abundant in citrus fruit, is known to have protective effects by preventing inflammation and oxidative stress in neuronal cultures and in the adult murine brain. However, the protective effects of hesperetin against epileptic seizures in vivo remain unclear, despite one study reporting anticonvulsant effects in vitro. In this study, we report that oral administration of hesperetin not only delays the onset of seizures triggered by kainic acid (KA) but also contributes to the attenuation of granule cell dispersion in the KA-treated hippocampus. Moreover, we observed that hesperetin administration inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules produced by activated microglia in the hippocampus. Thus, administration of hesperetin might be beneficial for preventing epileptic seizures.

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