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임효인 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 Journal of Forest Science Vol.38 No.4
This study was conducted to determine the seed dormancy types of Sambucus racemosa subsp. pendula Nakai and S. williamsii Hance. Low temperature stratification (1, 2, 3, 4 months) and GA₃ treatment (1,000 mg/L) were performed on seeds to determine the type of seed dormancy. After the treatment, seeds were placed on a petri dish at 25°C under light conditions. The germination rate and mean germination time were investigated. Results showed that cold stratification was effective in breaking the dormant state of the seed in both species. In the low temperature stratification treatment, the seed germination performance was improved as the treatment period was prolonged. Gibberellin treatment was effective in breaking the dormant state of S. racemosa subsp. pendula without low temperature stratification. However, S. williamsii did not break the dormant state of the seed by gibberellin treatment without low temperature stratification treatment. In the gibberellin treatment, germination performance was improved according to the low temperature stratification treatment period. As a result of this study, the seeds of S. williamsii have both an intermediate complex and a deep complex morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). In comparison, it was found that the S. racemosa subsp. pendula had intermediate composite MPD.
임효군 동서미술문화학회 2018 미술문화연구 Vol.13 No.13
The diversified characteristics of visual communication design put more emphasis on embodying the regional culture and the spirit of the age. Being simple and pure, it conveys feelings and ideas from its modelling. Multielement is good, what is more, difference is rare. Today, with the vigorous promotion of diversity and compatibility, it is essential for us to carry forward the precious fine tradition of unique of all nationalities. Ideal condition that has been regarded as the highest aesthetic pursuit by artists, is a core of Chinese traditional aesthetics and artistic creation. The native expression of ideal condition-"ideal condition develops from modelling" then is a discriminative and distinct native cultural endurance of visual communication design of the day and an important way to promote the sustainable development of design culture. 視覺傳達設計的多元化構成特徵,更多的體現了區域文化和時代精神,視覺傳達設計簡單純粹,是通過造型傳情達意的設計藝術形式。美在多元、貴在差異,在呼喚多樣性和相容性、共生性的今天,各民族獨特的優秀傳統彌足珍貴,更需要我們發揚光大。意境是中國傳統美學和藝術創作的一個核心問題,被藝術家視為最高的美學追求,“境由型生”的本土化意境表達,是視覺藝術由形式美上升為精神美的昇華和飛躍,是當代視覺傳達設計體現區別於他者的、獨特的本土文化承擔,這也是推動設計文化可持續發展的重要途徑。
임효신 ( Hyoshin Rim ),나종혜 ( Jong Hay Rha ) 대한가정학회 2011 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.49 No.2
This study dealt with free play activities in the curricula of childcare centers in Daejeon area. 29 teachers from 21 day care centers were interviewed individually to obtain an understanding of teachers perceptions and conflicting views about play activity in the context of different day care curricula. The data were analysed qualitatively, using categorization and key word classification, frequency analyses and chi-squared tests. The results were as follows: (1) play-oriented curricula included sufficient play time and planned play activities in terms of the children`s development. Children`s freedom in play, optimum intercession by teachers, and interrelating activities between activity areas were included. In mixed curricula, children`s freedoms were limited in many cases, and interrelating play between activity areas was hardly found. Formal lesson-oriented curricula resulted unplanned play activities and teachers` passive intercession of play. (2) Most teachers believed that play activities were more important to a child`s development than formal lessons.
저온습윤 및 지베렐린 처리가 눈잣나무의 종자발아에 미치는 영향
임효인,김길남,장경환,박완근 한국자원식물학회 2015 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.28 No.2
In South Korea, Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel (dwarf stone pine) has been designated as a critically endangered species by the Korea Forest Service. We have difficulties in obtaining the seeds of P. pumila because P. pumila grows only in the Daecheongbong area (1550–1700 m above sea level) of Mt. Seorak and almost all of its cones are damaged by birds and rodents. For establishing an ex situ conservation stand of P. pumila, this study was conducted to figure out the effects of wet cold (cold stratification, prechilling) and GA3 treatment on the germination of P. pumila seeds. After cold stratification (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months), prechilling (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 months) and GA3 treatment (0, 100, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 ㎎/L), seeds were placed on petri-dishes at 25℃ under light condition. The percentage of germination, mean germination time and the germination rate were investigated. The results showed that both of the cold stratification and prechilling were effective in improving germination performances. However, there were no significant differences in performances between the two cold treatments. Within each treatment, the germination performances improved with the period of treatment. However, after three months of treatment, the performances showed no significant improvement. The gibberellin treatment was also effective in improving seed germination of P. pumila. The percentage of germination reached 79.0% in the seeds treated with 100 ㎎/L of GA3. However, the germination performances decreased at high concentration of GA3 treatments (over 2000 ㎎/L). In conclusion, cold stratification (over 3 months) or 100 ㎎/L of GA3 treatment was considered to be the appropriate method for seedling production of P. pumila.