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임수길,김정윤,임완령,손홍지,이기영,Lim, Soo-Gil,Kim, Joung-Yoon,Lim, Wan-Ryung,Sohn, Hong-Ji,Lee, Ki-Young 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.2
Secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of major public health threats. Since secondhand smoke is complex mixture of toxic chemicals, there has been no standardized method to measure SHS quantitatively. The purpose of this manuscript was to review various quantitative methods to measure SHS. There are two different methods: air monitoring and biological monitoring. Air monitoring methods include exhaled carbon monoxide level, ambient fine particulates, nicotine and 3-ethenylpyridine. Measurement of fine particulates has been utilized due to presence of real-time monitor, while fine particulates can have multiple indoor sources other than SHS. Ambient nicotine and 3-EP are more specific to SHS, although there is no real-time monitor for these chemicals. Biological monitoring methods include nicotine in hair, cotinine in urine, NNK in urine and DNA adducts. Nicotine in hair can provide chronic internal dose, while cotinine in urine can provide acute dose. Since biological monitoring can provide total internal dose, identification of specific exposure source may be difficult. NNK in urine can indicate carcinogenicity of the SHS exposure. DNA adducts can provide overall cancer causing exposure, but not specific to SHS. While there are many quantitative methods to measure SHS, selection of appropriate method should be based on purposes of assessment. Application of accurate and appropriate exposure assessment method is important for understanding health effects and establishing appropriate control measures.
신축 공동주택에서 밀폐시간 증가에 따른 실내공기 오염물질의 농도변화
장성기(Seong-Ki Jang),임수길(Soo-Gil Lim),이태형(Tae-Hyung Lee),천재영(Jae-young Chun),류정민(Jung-Min Ryu),서수연(Soo-Yun Seo) 한국실내환경학회 2006 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.3 No.4
This study was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aldehydes emission as a function of airtight time in new apartment. Sampling was undertaken at 34 new apartments located in 4 different cities of Korea from February to November 2005. The measurement data were collected every one hour from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. toward increasing airtight time in a day. The concentrations of VOCs and aldehydes were analysed by GC/MS and HPLC method, respectively. These methods showed good sensitivity, linearity, and repeatability. In this study, the most abundant compounds at new apartments appeared to be toluene, m,p-xylene, formaldehyde and acetone. Moreover, the concentration variations at a closed rooms progressively increased by airtight time of 5 hours. Airtight time of new apartment was a most important and affective factor which influenced concentration change.
교통안전을 고려한 노상주차실태조사 연구 : 생활도로와 간선도로를 대상으로
황인철(Hwang In Cheol),강일형(Kang Il Hyeong),임수길(Lim Soo Gil) 대한토목학회 2010 대한토목학회논문집 D Vol.30 No.5D
정부와 지자체의 지속적인 주차공간 확보 노력에도 불구하고, 매년 차량 증가로 인한 주택가의 주차문제는 획기적인 교통 환경개선을 보이고 있지 않다. 특히 편안함과 안전성이 확보되어야 할 생활도로 공간이 불법주차로 인해 상시 점용됨으로써 노약자와 어린이의 안전한 보행환경이 크게 저하되고 있으며 이로 인한 「차 대 보행자」 교통사고는 매년 증가추세에 있다. 또한 불법주치문제는 간선도로변에서도 심각한 양상을 띠고 있다. 야간 밤샘주차를 목적으로 하는 대형차량의 간선도로변 불법주차 증가로 인해 주행차량과의 야간추돌 사고도 빈발하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주차시설정비지구와 미정비지구내의 생활도로 및 간선도로를 대상으로 보행자 및 주행차량의 교통안전을 위협하는 불법주차실태와 현황을 조사하고 그 문제점을 도출함으로써 생활도로와 간선도로의 장 · 단기적인 교통안전 개선방안을 제시하였다. An increase in number of vehicles owned by individuals worsens the conditions of parking in residential areas. So to speak, the pedestrians' safety is seriously threatened by illegally parked vehicles on the residential area roads. As a result, the number of vehicle- to-pedestrian accidents has been increasing annually. Also, illegal parking on arterial roads is increasingly becoming common, especially by cooommercial trucks. However, no solution has been found to reduce or eliminate accidents caused by vehicles illegally parked on readside. The result of this study provides the solutions to enhance the safety of residential area roads and arterial roads, from viewpoints of both long-term and short-term, by collecting data about the status of illegal parking and addressing critical problems.
김조천(Jo Chun Kim),전진(Jin Jun),이기완(Ki Wan Lee),임수길(Soo Gil Lim),최정식(Jung Sik Choi),고태석(Tae Suk Ko),백영순(Young Soon Baek),조원일(Won Ihl Cho),이승호(Seung Ho Lee) 한국공업화학회 2002 공업화학 Vol.13 No.5
천연가스의 주성분인 메탄을 합성가스 등의 화학원료로 전환시키려는 관심이 최근 들어 점차 고조되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전자빔을 이용한 메탄의 개질 연구가 수행되었다. 메탄은 매우 안정한 포화 탄화수소이므로 낮은 선량에서는 메탄의 전환율이 낮은 반면, 4000 kGy의 고선량에서 메탄이 약 20% 전환되었는데 수소, 프로판, 2-메틸 프로판, 부탄, 2-메틸 부탄, 펜탄 등의 화학원료들이 생성되었다. 온도와 수분에 의한 메탄의 전환율을 알아 본 결과 수분이 온도보다 큰 영향인자임을 알 수 있었다. 전자빔 단독처리 보다는 촉매를 포하한 hybrid system을 이용하는 것이 효과적이며, 메탄만을 처리하는 것보다는 메탄과 이산화탄소를 함께 처리하는 것이 다양한 화학원료 생성에 유리하다는 결론이 얻어졌다. Recently, there has been increased interest in reforming methane, a major compound of natural gas, into chemicals, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The conversion rate of methane at the lower dose was relatively low since it is very stable saturated hydrocarbon. There was about 20% conversion of methane at the high dose (4000 kGy). The most abundant gaseous by-products obtained from this process were hydrogen, propane, 2-methyl propane, butane, 2-methyl butane and pentane. It was also found that moisture had even more significant effect on the conversion of methane than temperature. It was concluded that a hybrid system including catalyst and electron beam is more reliable than single electron beam treatment in view of reforming methane. In addition, the treatment of methane and carbon dioxide mixture seemed to be more effective obtaining more various chemical fuels than that methane itself.
사회취약계층 가정의 실내 유해 인자 농도와 아토피피부염
서성철 ( Sung Chul Seo ),강인순 ( In Soon Kang ),임수길 ( Soo Gil Lim ),정지태 ( Ji Tae Choung ),유영 ( Young Yoo ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.3 No.3
Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine indoor concentrations of air pollutants in socioeconomically disadvantaged houses and to investigate relationships between indoor air pollutant levels and the severity of atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: A total of 54 children who had a past history or current symptoms of AD were enrolled in the study. To evaluate the levels of indoor air pollutants, we measured concentrations of CO2, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), formaldehyde, particulate matter with diameter less than 10 μm (PM10), airborne mold and numbers of house dust mite (HDM) in dust of the children’s houses. All studied subjects completed physical examination for the severity of AD and blood tests. Results: Although the mean (±standard deviation [SD]) concentration of indoor CO2 (600.6±179.4 ppm) was lower than the standard recommended levels of multiplex buildings in Korea, there was a significant correlation between CO2 concentrations and the severity of AD (r=0.302, P=0.030). The geometric means (range of 1 SD) of TVOC (42.5 μg/m3 [22.2.81.5]), formaldehyde (24.3 μg/m3 [15.0.39.9]), PM10 (26.6 μg/m3 [14.6.48.4]), and airborne mold (49.9 CFU [colony forming unit]/m3 [26.3.94.6]) were not significantly higher than the standard recommended levels of multiplex buildings. Two-thirds of the subjects were sensitized to at least 1 of the common allergens. Conclusion: Generally, indoor air pollution was not serious in socioeconomically disadvantaged households. However, indoor CO2 concentrations are closely related to the severity of AD in children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged houses. Environmental amelioration targeting vulnerable population may improve the quality of life and decrease the prevalence of environmental allergic diseases.(Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2015;3:206-212)