포커스그룹 인터뷰를 활용한 간호사 이미지 PR 전략 구축

임미림,이정인 기독보건학회 2012 전인건강과학회지 Vol.2 No.1

중학생의 성교육 실태에 대한 조사 연구

임미림 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 1996 Health & Nursing Vol.8 No.2

This study attempted to help young people to have correct understanding and attitude toward sex and collect basic data for developing proper sex education programs for youth by grasping their attitudes and opinions toward sex. Subjects of this study were 610 middle-school boys and girls of D girls' middle school and E middle school around Chonyeon-dong branch of Ewha Womans University Social Welfare Center, and data were collected from March 25 to April 30, 1996. And for analyzing data, a questionnaire composed of 32 items including general knowledge about sex education, school's sex education, sex education at home, sexual problems and intersexual relationship was distributed and retrieved to analyze responds by percentage. And the results are as follows; 1. Middle-school students answered that they thought sex education should include knowledge about sex, manners between opposite sex, family planning and population problem, and had opinions that sex education itself is necessary and must be executed by schools, families and society altogether. 2. Students received sex education at school were 76.2% of the whole, and they pointed out domestic science and biology as a proper subject of experiencing sex education. And youth wanted to know about intersexual relationship above all things and to receive sex education from the nurse-teacher. 3. Students received sex education at home were 39.5% of the whole, and girls responded much more positively than boys. The case of mother's role as a sex educator was 68.5%, which revealed very higher level. And when asked parents about sex, 37.6% of students were answered naturally by way of examples, while 28.8% sometimes answered and sometimes not. 4. As for sexual problems, young people answered that main source of obtaining information about sex was friend, weekly or other magazines, and they all showed negative mental attitudes toward experience of menarche or wet dream. But psychological reaction when firstly knew about the course of child-birth was positive in general. Most students had a very conservative attitude toward chastity, and strikingly many students answered that both man and woman should keep their chastity for happy marital life. 5. Young people regarded inter sexual relationship as a natural course of growing up showing rather positive attitude toward it, and 73% of them answered that the basis of that relationship must be friendship. But students answered that when found attractive opposite sex they would not directly make acquaintance with him (or her) but just keep to himself (herself) and watch him (or her) were even 48.5% of the whole.

일부 시 지역 고교생·학부모·교사들의 성의식 조사

임미림,양순옥,이광옥 지역사회간호학회 2001 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The specific purpose of this study was as follows: 1) To identify the level of sexual awareness and demand for sex education of teenagers, their parents and teachers. 2) To investigate the attitude toward and acceptance of heterosexual friendships by teenagers, their parents and teachers. 3) To identify the experience and direction of sex education of parents and teachers. For this purpose, this study selected 341 male and female teenagers at three high schools located in a city, 119 parents with high school students and 245 elementary/middle/high school teachers. The structured questionnaire was distributed to each of them and returned by them. This study was conducted over the period between June 1, 2001 and Aug 31.2001. A total of 720 questionnaires were distributed to them and 703 were returned. Data analysis was conducted to obtain percentage and frequency using the SAS program. As a result, the following findings were obtained: parents and teachers showde a similar attitude about sexual awareness, but teenagers showed a different attitude. in terms of the level of feeling of and interest in 'sex', teenagers, parents and teachers were comfortable in accepting it. As for sexual curiosity in puberty,84.8% of the parents and 95.5% of the teachers responded that it was natural, whereas onlt 14.7% of teenagers responded that it was natural. But As for the item that 'sex is natural as one of human needs', 3.6% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and only 1.2% of the teachers responded that it was not. As for the item that 'A man has a stronger sexual impulse than a woman", 601% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and 17.3% of the teachers responded that it was not. 64.2% of the teenagers and 90.2% of the teachers responded that it was impossible to overcome the sexual impulse, whereas only 8.4% of the parents responded that it was possible. As for the items of mastubation, 64.5% of the teenagers responded thath it was possible for male students and not possible for female students. 67.2% of the parents and 91.1% of the teachers responded that it was possible regardless of sex. As for item of an attitude toward virginal purity, both the parents and teachers showed that virginal purity was important for both man and woman, but teenagers showed a weak awareness of virgibal purity. As for item, 'It is possible to have sexual intercourse with a lover during adolescence"' 20.2% of the teenagers, 79% of the parents and 87.7% of the teachers responded that it was impossible. As for the item 'It is necessary to keep premarital virginal purity for a happy married life', 21.1%of the teenagers, 74.8% of the parents and 55.1% of the teachers responded that it was necessary, which shows that teenagers had a differet opinion than parents and teachers. In cade of pregnancy in adolescence, most of the responding teenagers, parents and teachers chost abortion. As for the item 'female refusal on male sexual approach', respondents accepted female refrsal as they did for orders of teachers, parents and adolescents. As for item 'An assaulter is entirely to blame for sexual assault', all of three grorps responded in the affirmative.

학부모들의 성의식, 성교육 태도 조사 연구

임미림,변영순,Lim, Mi-Lm,Byun, Young-Soon 한국학교보건학회 2002 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

This study was conducted to identify the level of sexual awareness and the demand for sex education, to investigate the attitude toward and acceptance of heterosexual friendship, and to identify the experience and direction of sex education of parents. The data were collected from 119 parents with high school students by the structured questionnaire from June 1, 2001 to August 31, 2001. Parents and teachers showed a similar attitude on sexual awareness, but teenagers showed a different attitude. In terms of the level of feeling of and interest in 'sex', teenagers, parents and teachers were comfortably accepting it. As for sexual curiosity in puberty, 84.8% of the parents and 95.5% of the teachers responded that it was natural, whereas only 14.7% of teenagers responded that it was natural. But As for the item that 'sex is natural as one of human needs', 3.6% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and only 1.2% of the teachers responded that it was not. As for the item that 'Man have a stronger sexual impulse than woman", 6.1% of the teenagers, 16.8% of the parents and 17.3% of the teachers responded that it was not. This indicates that teenagers have a far stronger sexist awareness, which also reflect that the sex culture of Korean society that regards sex as man's sexual monopoly. 64.2% of the teenagers and 90.2% of the teachers responded that it was impossible to overcome the sexual impulse, whereas only 8.4% of the parents responded that it was possible. As for the item of masturbation, 64.5% of the teenagers responded that it was possible for male students and not possible for female students. 67.2 of the parents and 91.1% of the teachers responded that it was possible regardless of sex. In case of pregnancy in adolescence, most of the responding teenagers, parents and teachers chose abortion. This indicates that respondents have a poor basic understanding of the life-despising climate, responsible sexual intercourse and motherhood protection. As for the item of 'female refusal on male sexual approach', respondents accepted female refusal as it was in orders of teachers, parents and adolescents. As for item of 'An assaulter is entirely to blame for sexual assault', all of three groups responded in the affirmative.

간호학생들의 빈곤에 대한 태도 -발생요인과 결과요인을 중심으로-

임미림,양순옥,Im, Mi-Lim,Yang, Soon-Ok 한국지역사회간호학회 1999 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The result of this study may be abstracted as follows. 1) The study was done on 48.3% seniors(138), 34.3% sophomores. and 17.5% juniors mostly ranging in age from 21 to 22, the largest number of students at 38.1%(109) were Christian. followed by 31.5%(90) were Confucian. 20.6%(59) who were Catholic. and 9.1%(26)who were Buddhist. 2) Concerning the economic views. 46.8%(134) preferred Capitalism 40.9%(117) preferred a combination of Capitalism and Socialism, 8.7%(25) were for more or less Socialistic in view point, and 3.5%(10) for Socialism. 3) Among the internal factors causing poverty, 'lack of ability(knowledge)', scored the highest at 3.528, and 'beauty or appearance' scored the lowest at 1.570. Social factors scored high in 'bad economic/tax policies' at 3.374 and 'low average in wages' at 3.364. Among family matters, 'not much money at home' scored the highest at 3.273, and 'low expectation of success in poor families' scored the lowest at 2.315. On concerns of fate and destiny. 'bad luck' turned out to be the most likely cause of poverty with the score of 2.619. and 'destined poverty' was the least likely cause with the score of 1.969. 4) The high scoring economical consequences of poverty was 'not able to do as one desires' at 3.965, and 'no money to buy things wanted' at 3.804. 'Gets tired of life' (4.028) scored high in psychological consequences showing that poverty affects these matters greatly. 'Looked down on by others' (3.538) scored high in social circumstances, and 'feels like a burden to society' scored low at 2.080. Among family matters. 'hard life' scored high at 4.210, and 'low morality' scored low at 1.972. 5) Significant differences(p= .00) were found between economic views and what significance certain internal factors caused poverty these differences were also related to a reliance on religion, economic views, and economic status. Significant differences were also found between economic status and internal factors causing poverty(p= .04), economic point of view and social factors(p= .01). and economical point of view and luck related matters, (p = .01) When the consequences of poverty were considered. psychological factors such as 'hate towards oneself', 'tired of life', and 'afraid of the future' showed significant differences in relation to economic status. (p = .02) Family matters also showed significant differences in relation to economic status(p= .03), With personal characteristics and wealth causing factors, significant differences were found between a person's economic point of view and ecinomic status when considering and internal or social factors.

노인요양시설간호사의 간호행위 분류

임미림 한국보건간호학회 2003 한국보건간호학회 학술대회지 Vol.2003 No.12

텔레비전 드라마에 나타난 간호 이미지에 관한 내용분석 연구

임미림 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 1995 Health & Nursing Vol.7 No.-

간호전문직의 발전은 간호에 대한 대상자들의 요구와 인식이 존재할 때 이루어진다. 따라서 간호대상자들인 대중의 간호에 대한 이미지는 간호 전문직의 발전을 위해 매우 중요한 문제이다. 그러나 아직도 대중매체에 노출된 간호는 현실과 다르게 표현되고 있음은 물론 전문직 간호로서의 바람직한 방향으로 묘사되고 있지 않다. 간호 이미지를 간호의 정체성을 찾는 일이라고 하였고(Kelly, 1980), 대중들이 간호나 간호사에 대해서 갖는 신념, 생각, 느낌들의 총합(Kalisch & Kalisch)이라고 보았다. 이러한 간호 이미지의 구축에는 대중매체와 같은 외적 요인이 영향을 미친다(Ponter & Ponter, 1991). 즉 대중매체에 부정적으로 요사되는 간호 이미지는 간호사의 자존감에 영향을 주고, 간호사의 신념과가치, 자신감을 저하시킨다. 이러한 요소들은 간호사 업무수행에 있어 중요한 영향 요인이 된다. 따라서 본 연구는 대중매체의 중심매체로서의 역할을 하는 텔레비전의 드라마에 나타날 간호 이미지를 살펴봄으로써 대중들이 간호나 간호사에 대해 갖고 있는 생각들을 알아보고, 대중매체에서 잘못 묘사된 간호 이미지를 바로잡기 위한 노력과 함께, 이것을 간호교육에 적용시킬 기초로 삼고자 시도되었다. 본 연구의 분석대상은 1995년 1월 1일부터 1點5년 1狂잃 31까지 방영된 텔레비전 드라마 중 간호사가 주변인물 이상으로 등장하는 드라마 3편을 선정하여 극중 등장하는 간호사의 153개 역할을 대상으로 하였다. 자료분석은 내용분석방법을 사용하였고, 분석유목온 Kalisch & Kalisch(1986), 윤용(1983), 이해옥(1982), 이영복(1970) 둥의 연구문헌을 근거로 한 것을 3명의 코더가 내용분석 유목을 검토하고, 수정, 보완한 후 간호사의 역할비중, 업무태도, 활동내용, 등장장소, 외적 특성, 성격특성, 일반적 특성, 일반적 특성 둥 7개의 항목을 만들어 사용하였다. 코팅방법은 각 유목을 적은 코딩지를 등장인물별로 작성하여 3명의 코더가 녹화필름을 보면서 각인물에 대한 사항을 항목별로 코팅하였다. 신뢰도 측정은 Holsti의 방법에 의해서 측정하였는데 평균 신뢰도는 93%였다. 자료의 처리는 SAS프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율의 통계방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 드라마에서 간호사의 역할비중은 78.4%가 주변인물로 묘사되어 대부분 주변역할을 하는 인물로 표현되었다. 2. 드라마에 나타난 간호사의 업무태도는 기계적(57.5%), 수동적(56.4%)이고, 자율적(40.5%)이며 불친절(37.3%), 숙달된 것(33.3%) 순으로 나타났다. 3. 간호사의 활동내용은 전문적 /단순 업무, 독자적 /보조적 업무로 구분하였다. 전문적 업무로는 혈액 ·수액 주입, 활력증후측정, 혈압체크, 채혈, 근육주사, 정맥주사 등의 기술적인 업무가 주로 묘사되었고, 전문적 업무보다는 전화받기, 트레이를 들고 다니거나 스트레처카, 드레싱카, 휠체어 등을 끌고 다니기 둥의 단순업무 장면이었다. 독자적 업무는 개인위생, 혈압 ·활력증후 측정, 환자 상태사정, 환자의 영양공급, 인계보고 둥으로 표현되었고 보조적 업무는 대부분 의사의 진료나 처치 보조와 관련 된 업무가 많았다. 4. 극 중 간호사들의 등장장소는 병원(병동복도, 간호사실, 휴게실, 식당, 병원뜰)(57.3%), 휴게실·다방·레스토랑(20.1%), 가정 (17.2%), 기타(옥외) (5.4%)의 순으로 나타났다. 5. 간호사의 외적 특성은 보통의 체격(83.0%)과 보통의 신장(68.6%), 단정한 의상(75.4%)으로 표현된 반면, 매력적인 용모(39.9%), 고상한 행동(25.5%)의 특성은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 6. 텔레비전 드라마에 묘사된 간호사의 성격 특성은 연약(59.5%), 수동적(56.9%), 감정적(50.3%), 비지적(49.0%), 복종적(43.8%), 엄격(39.2%), 권위적(36.6%), 이기적(32.0%), 현실적(29.4%), 동정적 (18.3%)인 성향 순으로 나타났다. 7 극 중 간호사의 일반적 특성은 모두 여성이며, 20대-30대가 84.3%, 자녀가 없는 상태가 54.9%, 미혼이 64.7%를 차지하였다. 본 연구에서 간호 이미지는 의사를 보조하는 정도의 기술적인 업무와 사건 중심의 업무 외적인 장면들이 주로 비춰지고 있고 간호사의 교육적 활동이나 확대된 역할은 텔레비전 드라마에 거의 묘사되고 있지 않았다. 이는 대중이 간호사를 전문직 간호를 수행하는 전문 직업인으로 인식하는데 장애를 줄 수 있다. 이상의 결론에 근거하여 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자한다. 1 다양한 대중매체에 나타난 간호 이미지에 대한 계속적인 연구가 요구된다 2. 간호 이미지 향상을 위한 대중매체의 활용전략에 대한 추후 연구가 요구된다. 3. 시대별로 나누어 드라마를 분석하여 간호 이미지의 시대별 변화를 확인하는 연구가 요구된다. 4. 드라마를 분석한 자료와 시청자의 반응을 비교, 분석함으로써 객관성을 높일수 있는 연구가 요구 된다. We tried to inquire the people's views on nursing or nurses, correct the image of nurse and take it as a basis to be applied on nursing education examining the image of nursing on Television drama playing a important role of mass media. 153 nurses of the characters in drama is applied to the analysis object of this study by selecting 3 dramas of Television ones the nurse play a more important role than sorrounding characters from January 1 to October 31 in 1995. Contents analysis method was used in Data Analysis, 7 Items was used after Coders previously modify and compensate it based on research documents of Kalisch & Kalisch(1986), Yoon Young (1983), Lee Hye-Ok(1982), Lee Young-Bok, etc in analysis items. 3 Coders made the Codings the article on each person by Item seeing the recorded Film making the Coding Paper each Items is written by the character. The average of reliability degree was 93% which measured the reliability degree by the method of Holsti. The statistic method of Frequency, Percentage was used using SAS Program in data processing. The result of research is as follows. 1. The general feature of nurses on the drama is that they are all women which is 20 or 30-aged single (64.7%) without children. 2. Relative importance of 78.4% nurses in drama is depicted as sorrounding characters and most of them was expressed as the character playing sorrounding role. 3. The affair attitude of nurses shown on drama is revealed as mechanical(57.5%), passive(56. 4% ), autonomous (37.3%) and adept (33.3% ). 4. The activity of nurses was classified with professional /simple affair, personal /assistant affair. The technical affair such as IN., Vital Sign check, Blood Pressure Check, Blood Gathering, I.M., Ⅳ., etc is mainly depicted as a professional affairs and the screen of simple affair such as Receiving Telephone, Carrying Tray or Dragging, Stretcher Car, Dressing Car and or Wheel Chair than professional affair. Personal sanitation, B. P. check, Vital sign check, Assessment of patient condition, assistant meal of patient, taking over report, etc was expressed as a personal affair and the affairs related with medical treatment of most doctor or assistant measure was included in the assistant affair. 5. The place nurses of the drama appears are hospital(ward corridor, nurse room, rest room, divining room, hospital yard) (57.3%), rest room, coffee house, restaurant (20.1%), home(17. 2%), other (outdoor) (5.4%). 6. The appearance feature of nurses is shown on common physique(83.0%), common stature(68. 6%), decent costume(78.4%), attractive appearane(39.9%), noble action(25.5%). The feature of character of nourses depicted on Television drama is faibleness(59.5%), passive (56.9%), emotional (50.3%), not interllectual(49.0%), obedient (43.8%), strict(39.2%), authoritative(36.6%), selfish (32.0%), realistic (29.4%), sympathetic (18.3%). The image of nurses is illuminated as the exterial scene of technical affair such as assisting the doctors and affair focused on accident and educational activity of nurses or extended role is nor depicted on Television drama. therefore, the people regard the nurse as sexual object with good appearance than professional worker working professional nursing. We want the following epigraph based on above conclusion. 1. The continous research is required on the image of nurse shown on various mass media. 2. The later research is required on application strategy of mass media for advancing the image of nurse. 3. The research confirming the change of the image of nurse by epoch analyzing the drama by epoch. 4. The research to strengthen the objectivity by comparing analyzed data on drama & analyzing it is required.

성지식 성태도에 관한 우리 나라 연구내용 분석 : 중·고·대학생을 중심으로

김미영,양경미,최수정,김현경,임미림 韓國保健敎育·健康增進學會 1999 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of the sexual knowledge and sexual attitude of the results of 39 previous studies for the adolescence in Korea, 1976-1997. The basis for analysis was the Guidelines for Comprehensive Sexuality Education developed by the Sex Information and Education Council of the U. S.(SIECUS). SIECUS is consisted of six key concepts; Human development, Relationships, Personal skills, Sexual behaviour, Sexual health, Society and Health. The research consisted of 39 articles that met definitional criteria of content analysis. The results of the study were summarized as follows: 1. Knowledge : It was conducted 96.7% of human development, 90.0% of sexual health, 70.0% of sexual behaviour, 23.3% of society and culture. 2. Attitude : It was conducted 94.1% of sexual behaviour, 73.5% of relationships, 55.9% of sexual health, 41.1% of human development, 26.5% of society and culture, 11.8% of personal skills. 3. General characteristics : With regard to sexual knowledge, 50.0% of research were published 1980s, 43.3% were 1990s, and 6.7%were 1970s. As regard to sexual attitude, 50% of research were published 1980s, 45.5% were 1990s, and 2.9% were 1970s. In sample size, 23.1% of 600 over, 401-500 were 20.5%. In the research tool, it was developed by researcher mainly 66.7%, modified tool by researcher was 5.1%. The tested reliability of the research tool was only 27.9%. And 78.9% of the research was not tested in validity of tool.

승용 잔디 깎이 자율 주행을 위한 경로 생성 및 추종 제어 알고리즘 개발 및 적용

임미림(Mirim Lim),김성훈(Seonghun Kim),김황근(Hwangeun Kim),강대준(Daejun Kang) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

Recently, as the demand for unmanned and IT agricultural machinery increases, the development of autonomous lawn mowers has been actively conducted. However, since the prior robotic autonomous lawn mower works randomly without working path in work space, it has low efficiency for the large work space. In addition, for the localization, other autonomous agricultural machineries mostly have adopted Differential Global Positioning System(DGPS), which is largely expensive to commercialize. In this paper, we propose the autonomous driving algorithm through localization in work space using radar sensor which is relatively inexpensive. For localization of an autonomous lawn mower, an origin in the work space is set using the range and angle data of the landmarks which are installed on both sides of the workspace. And then, the position of an autonomous lawn mower with respect to the origin is estimated using relative range and angle between a mower and a landmark. The landmarks which are used to localization are identified through assigning track ID via radar sensor data of landmarks. Base on above localization method, working path is generated and control input for path following is calculated. It also includes a landmark tracking algorithm considering possibility to change the track ID of the radar sensor data. In experiment, the proposed method shows 95.23% working speed performance and 86.07% path following error (RMSE)compared with manual driving.

여성노인의 건강행위, 자아통합감 및 죽음불안

이정인,임미림 한국자료분석학회 2011 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.13 No.5

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine health behavior, ego-integrity and death anxiety of elderly women. Method: This was a descriptive survey study. Data was collected from 218 elderly women from September to October, 2010. The questionnaires solicited health behavior, ego-integrity and death anxiety. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation. Result: Average scores were 3.01 for health behavior, 2.82 for ego-integrity, and 2.49 for death anxiety. There were statistically significant positive correlations between health behavior and ego-integrity. And there were statistically significant negative correlations between health behavior and death anxiety, ego-integrity and death anxiety. Conclusion: This study will be provided basic information in order to develop program for success aging of elderly women. 본 연구는 여성 노인의 건강행위, 자아통합감 및 죽음불안의 관계를 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사 연구로, 서울 및 대전에 거주하는 65세 이상의 여성노인 218명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료 수집은 2010년 9월부터 11월까지 이루어졌으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과는, 대상자의 일반적 특성을 보면, 연령은 70세-79세가 45.9%로 가장 많았고 종교는 82.6%가 있다고 응답하였고, 교육정도는 초등학교 졸업이 39.0%로 가장 많았으며 배우자는 없는 경우가 59.6%로 조사되었다. 과거직업은 농업이 46.8%로, 가족은 결혼한 자녀와 함께 사는 경우가 35.3%로 가장 많았다. 자원봉사 경험은 70.6%가 없다고 응답하였으며, 경제 상태는 만족하는 경우가 58.3%, 질병은 65.1%가 있다고 응답하였다. 대상자의 건강행위, 자아통합감 및 죽음불안 정도에서 건강행위는 4점 만점에 평균 3.01점, 자아통합감은 4점 만점에 평균 2.82점, 죽음불안은 4점 만점에 평균 2.49점으로 조사되었고, 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 자아통합감 정도는 연령, 교육정도, 과거의 직업, 자원봉사 경험이 통계적으로 유의하였다. 대상자는 건강행위를 잘 할수록 자아통합감이 높고, 건강행위를 잘하고, 자아통합감이 높을수록 죽음불안은 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 그러므로 여성노인이 바람직한 건강행위를 수행하며 자신의 죽음을 수용하여 건강하고 만족스러운 노년을 영위할 수 있도록 여성노인을 위한 프로그램의 적극적인 개발이 필요하다.