Histone 에 관한 연구 ( Ⅶ ) 밤나무 ( Castania crenata S . et Z . ) 꽃가루의 Histone

이희성,황운용,이경효,이근배 ( Hi Sung Lee,Woon Yong Hwang,Kyoung Hyo Lee,Keun Bai Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1976 BMB Reports Vol.9 No.2

It is now generally accepted that there are five main histones in the somatic cells of most species examined. However, some changes in the molecular species of animals and plants during the evolution have been reported. Recently, DeLange et al. (1971) discovered that there is a striking conservation and divergence of sequence during evolution for some of the histones between calf and pea bud. In this respect, it will be worth studying the histones of plant pollens which are unique in some species or class. We have studied on histones of some plant pollens from chestnut, pumpkin and pine tree which are distinctly related families each other. In the present studies, we report the results obtained from chestnut pollens. 1. The yield of whole histone recovered was 8.59 ㎎ per 1 g of pollens. This is very large amount as compared to those of mammary tissues. 2. The yield of DNA was 8.13㎎ per 1 g of pollens. Consequently the DNA to histone ratio was 1:1.06. 3. The relative amounts of five fractions, i.e., H1, H2a, H2b, H3 and H4 were 17.23, 19.32%, 26.89%, 23.06 and 13.50, respectively. 4. The electrophoretic mobility of individual histone fractions gave almost similar patterns to those of corresponding fractions of calf thymus. 5. We found that histone H2b fraction of chestnut pollens contained detectable amounts of ε-N-monomethyllysine. No evidence for the presence of methylated lysine or other side-chain derivatives was reported on this histone fraction. 6. Comparison of amino acid compositions reveals marked quantitative differences between corresponding chestnut pollens and pea bud histone fractions.

Histone 에 관한 연구 ( Ⅷ ) 호박 ( Cucurbita moschata Duch . ) 꽃가루의 Histone

이희성,장성길,라석찬,이근배 ( Hi Sung Lee,Sung Kil Chang,Suck Chan Rha,Keun Bai Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1976 BMB Reports Vol.9 No.2

Although studies on the histones from various kinds of animal sources have been reported, information about pollens is not available yet. The present report describes the properties of histones of pumpkin pollens. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The yield of whole histone was 12.2 ㎎ per g of pollens. 2. The yield of DNA was 9.1㎎ per g of pollens. Consequently, the DNA to histone ratio was 1 : 1.34. 3. The relative amounts of five histone fractions, i.e., Hl, H2a, H26, H3 and H4 were 12. 46%, 15. 16%, 27, 38%, 21. 23% and 23, 77%, respectively. The data presented in this report show that there is considerable variation in the relative amounts of histone fractions as compared to those of calf thymus. 4. Amino acid composition of individual histone fractions showed that there are marked quantitative differences between pumpkin pollens and pea bud. 5. Usually the methylated derivatives of lysine have been reported in various histone fractions of animal and plant sources. However, we found none o the methylated lysine residues in all the histone fractions from pumpkin pollens. 6. The electrophoretic mobility of individual histone fractions gave similar patterns to those of corresponding fractions of chestnut pollens.

Histone 에 관한 연구 ( 3 ) 정상인의 요속의 histone

이희성,이근배 ( Hi Sung Lee,Keun Bai Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1973 BMB Reports Vol.6 No.3

The histones have been precipitated from concentrate of pooled urine of healthy male middle school students by adding ammonium sulfate to 60% saturation and further fractionated by ethanol and acetone precipitation. A total of 71.5 ㎎ of total histone was recovered from 24ℓ of urine. The resulting four major fractions have all been characterized by analysis of amino acid composition and by polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. The results established that the striking consistency did exist through all the corresponding fractions between urine sample and thymus and liver of calf. This analytical evidence suggests that the histones from human urine and calf thymus and liver seem to be homogeneous protein. The relative amounts of four major fractions, i.e., f1, f2 a, f2 b, and f3 were 21.8%, 24.5%. 22.5% and 31.2%, respectively. The amounts of fractions f1 and f3 from urine were almost similar to those of corresponding fractions of calf thymus and liver, marked increase in the amount of f2 a and concomitant derease in the amount of f2 b from urine were observed. The mechanism of occurrence of histones in urine and the physiological significance of histone excretion in urine remain to be clarified.

Studies on Histones from Sarcoma 180 Ascites Tumor Cells. Methylation and Acetylation

이희성,Lee, Hi-Sung 생화학분자생물학회 1971 한국생화학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Sarcoma 180 복수암 세포에서 histone의 여러분획 즉 f1, f2a1, f2a2, f2b 및 f3로 분리 정제하여 in vitro에서 acetylation 및 methylation에 관한 연구를 행하였다. Methyl화 및 acetyl화의 관찰은 Sarcoma 180 복수암 세포의 핵을 L-methionine-Methyl-$^{14}C$ 또는 sodium acetate-1-$^{14}C$ 존재하에 jn vitro에서 행하였으며 histone 분획을 f1, f2a1, f2a2, f2b, 및 f3 별로 각각 추출 정제하였다. Methyl화 된 histone 분획들을 산으로 가수분해한 후 amino acid analyzer로 각 ammo 산을 각각 분리 정제하여 methyl화 또는 acetyl화한 amino 산 유도체 들을 동정 및 정량하였다. Histone을 methyl화 시킨 결과 polypeptide chain의 histidine 및 lysine 잔기의 유리 $\epsilon$-amino group에 methyl근이 transfer 되었다. 각 histone 분획의 비활성은 f2a1이 가장 높았으며 f2b, f2a2, f3 및 f1의 순으로 방사능이 낮었다. $\epsilon$-N-MethylIysine의 방사능을 histone의 여러 분획 즉 f1, f2a1, f2a2 및 f2b에서 증명하였으며 $\epsilon$-N-dimethyllysine의 방사능이 $\epsilon$-N-monomethyllysine 보다 1.7배나 많었다. Histone 분획 f2a2와 f2b에서는 3-methylhistidine에서도 방사능을 계측할 수 있었다. Whole histone의 각 분획에서 계측된 방사능의 값은 그 분획에서 분리한 $\epsilon$-N-monomethyllysine, $\epsilon$-N-dimethyllysine 및 3-methylhistidine의 방사능의 합계와 일치하였다. Acetyl 화의 경우 각 histone의 분획들을 trypsine과 Pronase로 가수분해하여 얻은 peptide와 amino 산들을 exclusion chromatography 및 ion exchange chromatography로 분리하였다. Acetyl 화를 행하였을 때는 arginine-rich 분획인 f2a1, f2a2 및 f3에만 incorporate 되었다. Histone의 각 분획중 f2a1이 다른 분획에 비하여 방사능이 가장 높았으며 f2a2, f3, f2b 및 f1의 순으로 방사능이 낮어진다. 각 분획의 방사능은 그의 전부가 $\epsilon$-N-acetyllysine 및 ${\alpha}$-N-acetyllysine이 갖인 방사능에 기인하였다. Lysine-rich histone 분획인 f1과 f2b에는 acetylation이 일어나지 않았으며 따라서 $\epsilon$-N-acetyllysine 및 $\alpha$-N-acetyllysine을 검출할 수 없었다. In order to observe the properties of histones of Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells, the various histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells following the methylation and acetylation were studied. Histone fractions f1, f2a1, f2a2, f2b and f3 were prepared from isolated nuclei which had been incubated in the presence of L-methionine-methyl-$^{14}C$ and sodium acetate-1-$^{14}C$, respectively. For the methylation, the various histone fractions were hydrolyzed in acid and the hydrolysates were chromatographed on an amino acid analyzer. Histones were methylated by the transfer of methyl groups to the free $\epsilon$-amino groups of lysine and histidine residues in the polypeptide chain, after the histone molecules had been synthesized. The specific activity of the histone fraction f2a1 was greater than those of other fractions and the specific activities diminished in the order of f2b, f2a2, f3 and f1 fractions. Histone fractions f1, f2a1, f2a2 and f2b were found to contain radioactive $\epsilon$-N-methyllysine. $\epsilon$-N-Dimethyllysine was the predominant form of the modified amino acid and its concentration exceeds that of the $\epsilon$-N-monomethyllysine by a factor of 1.7. Histone fractions f2a2 and f2b were found to contain radioactive 3-methylhistidine. Virtually all of the radioactivity in these histone fractions are recoverable from the $\epsilon$-N-monomethyllysine, $\epsilon$-N-dimethyllysine and 3-methylhistidine. For the acetylation, each of the histone fractions was digested with trypsin and Pronase, and the resulting peptides and amino acids were separated by exclusion chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. Only the arginine-rich fractions f2a1, f2a2 and f3 were found to be appreciably labeled with acetate-$^{14}C$. Among the histone fractions, f2a1 fraction had a considerably higher specific activity than the other histone fractions and the specific activities diminished in the order of f2a2, f3, f2b and f1 fractions. All of their radioactivities could be recovered as two major radioactive peaks which were identified as $\epsilon$-N-acetyllysine and $\alpha$-N-acetyllysine. The comparatively lysine-rich histone fractions f1 and f2b were unlabeled and did contain $\epsilon$-N-acetyllysine and $\alpha$-N-acetyllysine.

곡선부 주행 차량의 마모특성에 관한 연구

이희성(Hi Sung Lee) 한국철도학회 2007 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.10 No.6

곡선통과 새마을호 열차의 마모 특성을 평가하기 위하여 다량 편성 해석모델이 사용된다. 이 모델과 ADAMS/Rail를 사용하여 마모 특성과 관련된 변수의 변화에 따른 민감도 해석이 수행된다. 저속에서 우측 차륜의 마모도와 미끄럼도가 좌측 차륜보다 높으나, 고속의 경우는 좌측 차륜이 우측 차륜보다 높다. 곡선반경의 감소에 따라 마모도와 미끄럼도가 증가한다. 완화곡선의 길이가 증가하면 마모도와 미끄럼도가 증가한다. 또한 캔트가 증가하면 마모도와 미끄럼도가 증가한다. For the wear characteristics assessment of Saemaul train passing through curves, an analysis model for multi-car system has been developed. By using this model and ADAMS/Rail, sensitivity analyses have been conducted for the wear characteristics by changing the related parameters. At low speed, the wear number and the sliding mean of right wheel showed higher than left wheel, while those of left wheel showed higher than right wheel at high speed. According to the decrease of curve radius, the wear number and the sliding mean were increased. When the length of transition curve was increased, the wear number and the sliding mean was increased. And according to increase of cant, the wear number and the sliding mean were increased.

Sarcoma 180 복수암세포 Histones 의 Methyl 화 및 Acetyl 화에 관한 연구

이희성 ( Hi Sung Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1971 BMB Reports Vol.4 No.2

In order to observe the properties of histones of Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells, the various histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells following the methylation and acetylation were studied. Histone fractions f1, f2a1, f2a2, f2b and f3 were prepared from isolated nuclei which had been incubated in the presence of L-methionine-methyl-^(14)C and sodium acetate-l-^(14)C, respectively. For the methylation, the various histone fractions were hydrolyzed in acid and the hydrolysates were chromatographed on an amino acid analyzer. Histones were methylated by the transfer of methyl groups to the free s-amino groups of lysine and histidine residues in the polypeptide chain, after the histone molecules had been synthesized. The specific activity of the histone fraction f2a1 was greater than those of other fractions and the specific activities diminished in the order of f2b, f2a2, f3 and f1 fractions. Histone fractions f1, f2a1, f2a2 and f2b were found to contain radioactive e-N-methyllysine. e-N-Dimethyllysine was the predominant form of the modified amino acid and its concentration exceeds that of the ε-N-monomethyllysine by a factor of 1.7. Histone fractions f2a2 and f26 were found to contain radioactive 3-methylhistidine. Virtually all of the radioactivity in these histone fractions are recoverable from the ε-N-monomethyllysine, ε-N-dimethyllysine and 3-methylhistidine. For the acetylation, each of the histone fractions was digested with trypsin and Pronase, and the resulting peptides and amino acids were separated by exclusion chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. Only the arginine-rich fractions f2a1, f2a2 and f3 were found to be appreciably labeled with acetate-^(14)C. Among the histone fractions, f2a1 fraction had a considerably higher specific activity than the other histone fractions and the specific activities diminished in the order of f2a2, f3, f2b and f1 fractions. All of their radioactivities could be recovered as two major radioactive peaks which were identified as ε-N-acetyllysine and α-N-acetyllysine. The comparatively lysine-rich histone fractions f1 and f2b were unlabeled and did contain ε-N-acetyllysine and α-N-acetyllysine.

고속철도시스템의 기술이전을 통한 철도산업발전 방안

이희성(Hi Sung Lee),강태원(Tae Won Kang) 한국철도학회 2007 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.10 No.6

고속철도시스템 기술도입은 관련 철도산업을 발전시키고 타 산업에 파급효과를 주어 철도기술을 동반 발전시켰다. 이에 고속철도시스템의 기술 도입시의 기술이전 및 국산화 과정을 검토하고, 기술이전 및 국산화과정에서 나타난 문제점을 분석하였다. 그리고 철도시스템 기술을 유지 및 확대하기 위하여 기술이전을 통한 철도산업발전방안이 검토되었다. This paper suggests that the introduction of Seoul-Pusan High Speed rail system makes related railway industry to be developed through transfer of high technology and other related industries to be jointly grown by technology’ ripple effects. Technology transfer and localization implementation process in the period of technology introduction was reviewed synthetically and problems at that period was also analyzed. And technology development countermeasures of railway industry was discussed in order to maintain and expand railway system technology in the future.

초음파 센서를 이용한 전동차 도어 개폐 감지 장치에 관한 연구 (A study train door open-close perception control System using ultrasonic sensor)

이종성(Jong-Seong Lee),이희성(Hi-Sung Lee),이해철(Hae-Cheol Lee),김성렬(Sung-Ryul Kim),조현상(Hyun-Sang Cho) 한국철도학회 2011 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

The platform screen door open-close mechanisms at today’s subway are divided by “Radio Frequncy method” and “Method at entrance perception sensor”. In the case of “method at entrance perception sensor”, there happen a lot of occasions of malfunctioning that may cause problems in terms of timeliness, swiftness and reliability of train operation and even ends up to train operation stop since the perceiving process is complicated and it is prone to have dust on lenses, position alteration by train vibration, and less reflection light in the case of new train. In this study, we find how to minimize possible problems in terms of maintenance during train operation period, and seek its alternatives in order not only to have no malfunction in perception but also to cause no disturbance in train operation through dealing organically when perceiving door open-close to minimize delay time.

정상 및 Phenylhydrazine을 처리한 토끼적혈구의 Alanine Aminotransferase Isozymes 활성도에 관한 연구

김남성,이희성,Kim, Nam-Sung,Lee, Hi-Sung 생화학분자생물학회 1980 한국생화학회지 Vol.13 No.4

정상토끼의 적혈구와 phenylhydrazine을 주사한 후 시간이 경과하는 동안에 채혈한 혈액 의 적혈구에서 alanine aminotransferase (L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.2)의 총 활성도의 변화와 세포질 및 mitochondria에 있는 AAT isozyme의 pattern을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 정상토끼 적혈구의 망상적혈구수는 약 2.5%이었으며 phenylhydrazine을 주사한 후 심한 망상적혈구중다중이 유발된 5일에 약 75%, 7일에 100%가 되었다. 2. 정상토끼 적혈구에서 alanine aminotransferase의 총 활성도는 13.20 unit이었으며 세포장파 mitochondria 분획에 AAT isozyme이 98.5% 및 1.5%가 각각 함유되어 있다. 3. 망상적혈구중다중에 걸린 토끼적혈구의 총 AAT활성도는 정상토끼의 적혈구에 비하여 약 1.82배 증가된 24.05 unit이었으며 세포질 및 mitochondria에 65.24% 및 34.76%가 각각 함유되어 있었다. 4. 망상적혈구중다중이 유발되는 동안 총 AAT 활성도의 중가는 mitochondria 에 있는 AAT isozyme의 활성도가 정상토끼에 비하여 약 41.8배 증가되었기 때문이다($K_s=0.1112$ : $K_d=0.0133$ : $t{\frac{1}{2}}=52\;hr$). 5. 세포질에 있는 AAT isozyme의 활성도는 정상토끼에 비하여 약 1.23배 증가되었다($K_s=0.3040$ : $K_d=0.0190$ : $t{\frac{1}{2}}=36.5\;hr$). 6. Phenylhydrazine을 처리한 후 회복기에 있어서 AAT합성 및 분해속도상수는 다음과 같다. Mitochondria의 AAT isozyme : $K_s=0.0054$ : $K_d=0.0268$ : $t{\frac{1}{2}}=26\;hr$, 세포질외 AAT isozyme: $K_s=0.0793$ : $K_d=0.0061$ : $t{\frac{1}{2}}=115\;hr$이었다. In order to establish a general pattern of synthesis and break-down of cytosolic and mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase (L-alanine: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.2) isozymes in normal and reticulocytic red blood cells of domestic rabbits, sequential measurements of total and relative activities of AAT isozymes in the red blood cells of normal and phenylhydrazine treated rabbits were conducted in this study. The results and summarized as follows: 1. The reticulocyte count of normal rabbit blood was approximately 2.5%, and the administration of phenylhydrazine resulted in rapid and profound reticulocytosis, i.e., about 75% on day 5 and essentially 100% on day 7. 2. Total activity of alanine aminotransferase in normal blood cells was 13.20 units and the relative activities of cytosolic and mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase isozymes were 88.5% and 1.5%, respectively. 3. In phenylhydrazine-treated rabbits, total alanine aminotransferase activity was maximal on day 6, about 24.05 units, which is about 1.82 fold higher than normal value. The relative activities of cytosolic and mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase isozymes were 65.24% and 34.76%, respectively. 4. The increase in total alanine aminotransferase activity during the induction of reticulocytosis appeared to be due primarily to the 41.g-fold increase in the activity of the mitochondria) isozymes ($K_s=0.1112$; $K_d=0.0133$; $t{\frac{1}{2}}=52\;hr$). 5. The activity of the cytosolic isozyme in phenylhydrazine-treated rabbit red blood cells increased to about 1.23 times its normal value ($K_s=0.3040$; $K_d=0.0190$; $t{\frac{1}{2}}=36.5\;hr$). 6. The rate constants following recovery from phenylhydrazine treatment were: $K_s=0.0054$; $K_d=0.0268$; $t{\frac{1}{2}}=26\;hr$. for the mitochondrial isozyme and $K_s=0.0793$; $K_d=0.0061$; $t{\frac{1}{2}}=115\;hr$. for the cytosolic isozyme.

Electroconvulsive Shock이 마우스 뇌조직 Superoxide Dismutase의 활성에 미치는 영향

권년수,이희성,Kwon, Nyoun-Soo,Lee, Hi-Sung 생화학분자생물학회 1984 한국생화학회지 Vol.17 No.3

In the present study, prolonged effects of the serial electroconvulsive shocks on the activity of superoxide dismutase (superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1): both cyanide-sensitive cytosolic enzyme and cyanide-resistant mitochondrial enzyme, were observed in the mouse brain. The rate constants for synthesis and degradation of these enzymes were determined. In addition, the changes in the superoxide radical production, the amount of hydrogen peroxide and the activity of superoxide dismutase were observed in the mouse brain which received single electroconvulsive shock. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Homogenates prepared from the brains of mice treated with single electroconvulsive shock showed considerably higher superoxide radical production when compared with those of the control mice. 2. By single electroconvulsive shock the generation of hydrogen peroxide increased at 1 minute after the electric stimulus; while the activity of superoxide dismutase increased at the time when tonic convulsion occurred. 3. By the serial electroconvulsive shocks the activity of cytosolic superoxide dismutase increased to approximately 1.6 times its control value ($Kd=3.60{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=6.01 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=19\;hrs$); and the mitochondrial enzyme increased to approximately 2 times its control value ($Kd=1.53{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=1.44 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=45\;hrs$). 4. The rate constants at recovery period were: $Kd=1.91{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=2.01 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=36\;hrs$ for the cytosolic superoxide dismutase and $Kd=3.08{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=1.42 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=23\;hrs$ for the mit ochondrial enzyme. ICR순계 마우스에 electroconvulsive shock(ECS)을 가해 뇌조직에서 superoxide radical의 생성, $H_2O_2$의 양, superoxid edismutase(superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1)의 활성에 미치는 영향 등을 관찰하고, 주기적으로 반복하여 ECS를 가함으로써 superoxide dismutase(SOD)를 유발시켜 합성 및 분해속도상수를 구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. ECS를 받은 마우스의 뇌조직 균질액에서 superoxide radical의 생성이 대조군에 비해 유의한 차이가 있게 증가되었다(p<0.01). 2. ECS에 의해 마우스 뇌조직의 SOD 활성도는 긴장성 경련기에, $H_2O_2$의 양은 1분후에 가장 높은 증가를 나타내었으며 SOD 활성도와 $H_2O_2$양의 변화 양상은 비슷하였다. 3. 일련의 ECS로 세포질 SOD는 대조군의 약 1.6배로 전기자극 후 11일에 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다($Kd=3.60{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=6.01 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=19\;hrs$). Mitochondria의 SOD는 전기자극후 11일에 대조군의 약 2배로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다($Kd=1.53{\times}10^{-2}/hr$; Ks=1.44 units/hr/g tissue; $t_{1/2}=45\;hrs$). 4. 회복기에 세포질 효소의 속도상수는 Kd가 $1.91{\times}10^{-2}/hr$, Ks가 2.01 units/hr/g tissue, 반감기는 36시간이었으며, mitochondria 효소의 Kd는 $3.08{\times}10^{-2}/hr$, Ks는 1.42 units/hr/g tissue, 반감기는 23시간이었다.