방사성동위원소의 지구물리학적 응용에 관한 연구 γ-γ 검층법에 의한 지층구조에 관한연구

이현덕,노성기,Lee, Hyun Duk,Rho, Seung Gy 대한자원환경지질학회 1976 자원환경지질 Vol.9 No.3

The gamma-gamma logging method appplying in geophysical research are presented in this paper_ The logging probe assembly was designed which permits changing the source-to-detector spacing while conditions of proceeding ${\gamma}-{\gamma}$ logging, which a collimated gamma ray source ($^{60}Co$, 0.5mCi and/or 2 mCi) is separated from the scintillation detector as shown in Fig. 2 and 3, size is 6.0 cm in diameter and 120.0 cm in long and the exposed parts are made of stainless steel pipe. The results is confirmed by the experiment performed mainly in granite rock where a slightly constant shape was obtained but sometimes was shown sharpness shape for the measured scattered gamma-ray intensity. Consequently, the experimental results are obtained an adequate intensity of scattered gamma-rays and favourable response to density change, and also very closely correspond to between core samples of the test boring and to used this method of ${\gamma}-{\gamma}$ logging in the test bore-hole of the strata.

시뮬레이션 분석을 통한 군통신망에 적합한 VoIPv6 망설계에 관한 연구

이현덕(Lee Hyun Duk),민상원(Min Sang Won) 한국통신학회 2007 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

KAERI 부지 주변의 환경선량 측정을 위한 온라인 감마선량 감시시스템

이정호,박두원,이원윤,이현덕,최용호,김삼랑,홍광희,이창우 대한방사선 방어학회 1994 방사선방어학회지 Vol.19 No.2

환경감마선량 변동을 감시하기 위해 한국원자력연구소 부지 주변에 온라인 감마선량 감시망을 구성하였다. 모니터링 포스트에 설치된 전리함 검출기에 의해 측정된 자료는 무선전송방식으로 중앙통제소에 전송되어 실시간으로 감시된다. 무선전송 방식은 자료의 전송, 처리 및 자자에 신뢰도가 높고 경제적이었다. 감시시스템은 급격한 선량증가시 조기경보체제와 연결할 수 있게 하였다. On-line gamma monitoring system around KSERI-site was set up to monitor the radiation fluctuations in environment. Data on gamma exposure rates measured by the ionication chamber in the monitoring posts are transmitted to a computer of central control station with radio telemetry transmission and reliable on handing and storing of data. This monitroing system can triger an early warning system in the event of abnormal radiation levels.

우리나라 南東地方의 環境放射線 線量率의 決定 (1980年度)

盧在植,李鉉德 대한방사선방어학회 1980 방사선방어학회지 Vol.5 No.1

A portable count-ratemeter and a thermoluminescent detector (CaSO₄:Dy) have been used to obtain total gamma dose rates at approximately 50 locations during the course of several survey trips in the southeastern Korea. The purposes of these measurement were to provide a future reference data and to establish the approximate range of population exposure to the natural environmental radiation. The natural levels encountered ranged from a low of 14.6 microroentgen per hour to a high of 18.9 microroentgen per hour with a mean of 16.3±1.1 microroentgen per hour. Among these results are the relatively high natural dose rate levels in the Masan area and Yangsan-Tongdosa area with the relatively low natural dose rate levels in the Gyeongsan-Cheongdo area and the Samrangjin-Jinyeong-Gimhae area.

人工新築湖의 水質本態에 관한 硏究 : 住岩 Dam을 中心으로 On the Joo Am Dam

朱興珪,李炫德 조선대학교 환경연구소 1991 環境公害硏究 Vol.8 No.-

In order to research the water quality of artifical BOSUNG KANG which is now constructing for multi-purpose dam and water source of JOO AM DAM and DONG BOK CHUN and its branch we did twice in april 1988, September 1989 and the result is below. 1. In everywhere pH was 6.8∼7.6 and very similar to our general rivers and there is no evidence to change the pH 2. In the first investigation DO was 7.2∼8.4 ppm and it was lower than another river but in the second investigation we knew that our research river is a cleaning water area relatively, because DO was 8.2∼9.2 ppm and it is higher than 7.6 ppm of KA PYUNG CHUN whic is estimated low pollution relatively. 3. Except site 9 and site 13, BOD was below 4 ppm so it was estimated good quality 4.4 ppm of site 9 and 4.6 ppm of site 13 was resulted from special condition of this constructing river. 4 NH₃-N which is a criteria of river pollution was 0.02∼0.06 ppm of the second investigation and it was proved that second investigation was increased than 0.01∼0.05 ppm of the first investigation. This was influenced of inflowed material from near the hill because of heavy rain. 5. In the second investigation the NO₃-N was higer than that of the first investigation. The reason was that in the first investigation because of a rainy season direct irradiation of sunlight was short. 6. In everywhere chlorine ion and total hardness was defected homogenously compared with another river. It was not because of point source contamination but because of the nature of the soil. 7. It is very often that PO₄-P is shown because of decomposition of stool and urine and chemical fertilizer and pesticides but in this research area the quantity of 0.021∼0.040 ppm is resulted from geographical feature rather than outside factor compared with 0.024∼0.030 ppm of JONG CHUN which is estimated as a low pollution level relatively. 8. Normal bacteria and E. colis is lower than another river but in site 4 E. coli was shown 4.9×10 and when we enlarge a amusemene park of BOK LAE CHUN. We must consider the water quality management.

Variations in Soil-to Red Pepper Transfer Factors of Radionuclides with Time of Their Application and Fruit Harvest

Choi,Yong-Ho,Lee,Won-Yun,Lim,Kwang-Muk,Park,Doo-Won,Lee,Myung-Ho,Lee,Chang-Woo,Lee,Hyun-Duk,Lee,Jung-Ho 대한방사선 방어학회 1997 방사선방어학회지 Vol.22 No.3

고추의 이식 2일전 및 이식후 세 차례에 걸쳐 54Mn, 60Co, 85Sr , 137Cs의 혼합용액을 온실내 재배상자의 토양에 처리하고 고추의 청과와 적과에 대한 전이계수(㎡/㎏-dry)를 조사하였다. 전이계수는 핵종, 처리시기 및 수확시기에 따라 20∼100배 정도의 변이를 보였다. 핵종간에 전이계수는 대체로 85Sr>54Mn> 60C> 137Cs의 순이었으나 처리에서 수확까지의 기간이 짧을 경우 54Mn와 60Co 전이계수가 85Sr보다 높았다. 85Sr와 137Cs 전이계수는 가장 늦은 처리에서 그 전처리에 비해 수확시기에 따라 3∼20배 정도 감소하였다. 54Mn와 60Co 전이계수는 이식후 처리시기에 따른 변이가 비교적 적었다. 이식전 토양과의 혼합처리시 전이계수는 이식 2일후 토양 표면 처리에 비해 54Mn, 60Co , 85Sr 의 경우 최고 3∼9배 정도 높았으나 137Cs 의 경우 차이가 없었다. 본 연구 결과는 고추의 재배기간중 사고발생시 고추 열매내 방사성 핵종의 뿌리흡수 농도를 예측하고 고추의 수확 및 이용대책을 수립하는 데 활용될 수 있다. A mixed solution of 54Mn, 60Co, 85Sr and 137Cs was applied to the soil of culture boxes in a greenhouse 2 days before transplanting red pepper and at 3 different times during its growth for investigating transfer factors (㎡/㎏-dry) for its green and red fruits. Transfer factors varied with radionuclide, application time and harvest time by factors of about 20∼100. They decreased mostly in the order of 85Sr>54Mn> 60C> 137Cs while 54Mn and 60Co was higher than 85Sr when time lapse between application and harvest was short. Transfer factors of 85Sr and 137Cs at the last applocation were lower than those at the previous one by factors of 3∼20 depending on harvest time. Variations in 54Mn and 60Co transfer factors with application time after transplanting were comparatively low. Transfer factors of 54Mn, 60Co and 85Sr mixed with topsoil before transplanting were up to 3∼9 times higher than those for the application onto soil surface 2 days after transplanting while there was no difference in 137Cs. The present results can be referred to in estimating root-uptake concentrations of the radionuclides in red pepper fruit and taking proper measures for its harvest and consumption at the event of an accidental release during the growing season of red pepper.

분리막이 결합된 무산소·호기 공정을 이용한 축산폐수처리에서 수리학적 체류시간 및 내부반송율이 유기물 및 질소제거에 미치는 영향

황규대,이봉희,이현덕 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal operation conditions in an anoxic·oxic process to eliminate both organic and nitrogen matters in swine wastewater. For the purpose of this, the removal efficiency was evaluated with various HRTs and internal recycling ratio. During the whole 580 days of experiment, HRTs had been gradually decreased in an order of 20, 14, 12 and l0days, and the internal recycle ratio was kept at 20Q. So as to determine the effect of the internal recycle ratio on the nitrogen removal, the internal recycle ratio had been gradually increased from 20Q to 50Q while HRT was maintained at 12days. As a result, it was shown that the removal efficiency of organic matter was above 95% regardless of changing of HRTs. The average influent concentration of TCODcr and SCODcr were 24,854 ㎎/L and 18,920 ㎎/L, respectively. Average removal efficiency of TKN was shown to be nearly 98% when HRT was kept at 12days; however, the NH₄^+-N concentration of effluent was shown to be increased when the loading rate of NH₄^+-N was increased to 0.602 kgNH₄^+-N/m³-day by means of decreasing HRT to 10days. It was concluded that nitrogen loading rates should be more considered rather than organic loading rates in case of determining an optimal HRT. When gradually increasing the internal recycle ratio from 20Q to 50Q, the removal efficiency of organic matters and TKN were 96% and 98%, respectively so that no significant changes in removal efficiency was detected. However, when the internal recycle ratio was kept at 50Q, it was revealed that the NO₃-N concentration of effluent seemed to drop and the average NO₃-N concentration of effluent was around 52 ㎎/L.

Experimental Study on the Determination of Absorbed dose Index

Rho,Chae-Shik,Ro,Seung Gy,Jun,Jae Shik,Yoo,Young Soo,Ha,Chung Woo,Lee,Hyun Duk 대한방사선방어학회 1982 방사선방어학회지 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구의 일차적 목적은 방사선 방호를 위하여 任意地點의 주변 방사선량의 수준을 特性짓는 방법의 하나로 ICRU가 定義한 흡수선량지수를 實測하는데 있는 바 이를 위한 실험은 예비실험과 본 실험의 두 단계로 나누어 수행하였다. 예비단계의 실험에서는 30cm지름의 polyetylene球를 사용한 반면 본 실험에서는 人體組織等價物質의 球를 제작하여 두 실험 모두 ()Cs및 ()Co 감마 線場과 TRIGA Mark-Ⅱ 원자로의 熱中性子 column의 中性子工場에서 행하여 졌다. 감마선 흡수선량측정에는 TCD-700(()LiF) chip을, 중성자선량측정에는 Au 放射化()과 함꼐 TLD chip도 사용하였는데 이 경우에는 감마선의 기여를 판별해 내기 위하여 TLD-600(()LiF)과 TLD-700을 동시에 사용하였다. 감마선 照射의 경우 球phantom內 흡수선량의 이론적 해석은 Burlin의 空洞理論에서 유도된 Erlich의 방법을 썼으며, 중성자 선량해석에는 fluence-KERMA 변환방법을 사용하였다. 이들 선량에 관하여서는 특히 자세히 설명하였다. 해석에 실험결과는 모두 통계적으로 처리 ·분석하였으며 深部線量分布는 規格化한 값을 사용하여 圖表로 나타내는 한편, 결론에서는 방사선 방호용指數量 實測의 가능성과 難點을 설명하고 해결하여야 할 문제점들을 言及하였다. The prime purpose of this study is to realize an index quantity, absorbed, dose index, defined by the ICRU for the characterization of ambient radiation level at any location for the purpose of radiation protection. The experiment has been desinged to be carried out in two phases, namely, preliminary and main experiments. In the primary study a 30cm diameter sphere of polyethylene was used, while in the main experiment that of tissue equivalent material was fabricated and used. Both experiments were performed in the gamma-ray fields of ()Cs and ()Co, and in a neutron beam of thermal column of the TRIGA MARK-Ⅱ research reactor. In the measurement of gamma-ray absorbed dose TLD-700(()LiF) chips were used, and for the neutron dose both Au activation foils and TLD chips (TLD-600(()LiF) and TLD-700for the discrimination of gamma-ray contribution) were used. Theoretical assessment of the absorbed dose in the sphere phantom has been carried out in accordance with the Ehrlich's idea that deduced on the basis of Burlin's cavity theory in the case of gamma-ray irraditation. For the analysis of neutron dose fluence-KERMA rate conversion method was used. The explanation on the dose assessment is given in detail. Results obtained were numberically and statistically analyzed and the depth dose distributions are presented in the graphic forms with normalized values. In the concluding remarks, the possibility and difficulty of realizing the index quantity, including questions and problems to be solved are mentioned.