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다운증후군의 산전진단을 위한 다양한 선별검사의 기여율 비교 - 산전 및 신생아때 진단된 96 례 분석 -
한정열(J . Y . Han),김문영(Y. M . Kim),조준형(J . H . Cho),안현경(H . K . Ahn),류현미(H . M . Ryu),김진미(J . M . Kim),김영미(Y . M . Kim),박소연(S . Y . Park),한혜경(H . K . Han),이영호(Y . H . Lee),양재혁(J . H . Yang) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.10
연구의 목적은 다운증후군을 산전진단하기 위한 다양한 산전선별검사 (나이; 35세 이상, 임산부 혈청 marker를 이용한 triple test, 초음파; 비정상 소견, 후경부 투명대 (nuchal translucency), 후경부두께 (nuchal fold thickness))의 기여율를 비교하기 위한 것이다. 1990년 1월부터 1999년 9월까지 본원에서 산전 및 산후에 진단된 례는 총 96례 이었다. 산전 및 신생아기에 진단된 다운증후군의 빈도는 각각 68례 (71 %), 28례 (29 %)였다. 다운증후군 태아를 임신했던 임산부의 평균연령은 33±5.7세이다. 다운증후군의 1,000분만당 연도별 빈도율은 1990년부터 1999년까지 각각 0.4, 1.3, 0.7, 0.7, 1.6, 0.7, 1.2, 2.2, 2.0, 그리고 2.3 (Y=0.28±0.18 year, P=0.01)이었다. 산전진단된 다운증후군의 비율 (%)은 지난 10년간 각각 0 (0/2), 43 (3/7), 50 (2/4), 25 (1/4), 56 (5/9), 100 (5/5), 71 (5/7), 78 (14/18), 78 (14/18), 그리고 89 (17/19) (Y=12.9±8.9 year, P=0.000) 이었다. 다운증후군을 산전진단하기 위한 다양한 산전선별 검사에 따른 기여율은 35세이상의 연령에 의하면 30.2±5.6 %, triple test의 경우 18.2±3.4 %, 초음파에 의한 경우 51.7±6.3 % 이며, 초음파에 의한 산전 선별 검사가 통계적으로 유의하게 연령이나 triple test에 의한 경우 보다 다운증후군의 산전진단에 기여율이 높았다. (P=0.008) 결론적으로 본 연구에 의하면 지난 10년 동안 다운증후군을 산전 진단하기 위한 여러 선별 검사방법의 적용은 효율적이었으며, 특히 초음파에서 다양한 소견을 이용한 다운증후군의 산전선별검사는 연령이나 triple test 보다는 더욱더 의미가 있다고 추론된다. Objective : The purpose of this study was comparison of the contribution rate for prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome using various screening methods (Age: greater than or equal to 35 years old, Serum markers: Triple test, Ultrasonography: abnormal sonographic findings, nuchal translucency, nuchal fold thickness).Methods : Total 96 cases of Down syndrome, prenatally or postnatally diagnosed between Jan. 1990 and Sept. 1999, made up the study population. We got the contribution rate of various prenatal screening methods of down syndrome, and obtained the efficiency of various screening program applied for last 10 years. Results : The frequencies of Down syndrome confirmed in prenatal and postnatal were 68 (71%) and 28 (29%) in respectively. The mean age of mother of Down syndrome fetus was 33.0±5.7 years old. The frequency rate of Down syndrome was 0.4, 1.3, 0.7, 0.7, 1.6, 0.7, 1.2, 2.2, 2.0 and 2.3 a 1,000 deliveries from 1990 to 1999 (Y= 0.28+0.18 year, P=0.01). The percentage of Down syndrome diagnosed prenatally was 0 (0/2), 43 (3/7), 50 (2/4), 25 (1/4), 56 (5/9), 100 (5/5), 71 (5/7), 78 (14/18), 78 (14/18) and 89 (17/19) from 1990 to 1999 (Y= 12.9+8.9 year, P=0.000). The contribution rate of prenatal diagnosis for Down syndrome was 30.2±5.6% by age, 18.2±3.4% by triple test and 51.7±6.3% by ultrasonography, and was significantly difference among each screen methods (P=0.008). Conclusions : This study shows that our prenatal screening program is highly effective to detect Down syndrome and especially ultrasonographic findings (abnormal sono findings, Nuchal translucency, Nuchal fold thickness) may be more important than that of age or Triple test to detect the Down syndrome prenatally.
김성윤(SㆍYㆍKim),김유택(YㆍTㆍKim),남청도(CㆍDㆍNam),이영호(YㆍHㆍLee),강호근(HㆍKㆍKang),김성동(SㆍDㆍKim) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2005 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-
The effect of break down of centrifugal pump due to entrained air has not been clarified yet. Thus, air-water two-phase flow experimental apparatus was installed to clarify the effect of break down. The performance results of a single-phase flow satisfied reappearance. Also, the heads coincided well impeller types.
이영호,최장운,도덕희,Lee, Y.H.,Choi, J.W.,Doh, D.H. 대한설비공학회 1995 설비공학 논문집 Vol.7 No.4
The present numerical study is aimed to investigate time-dependent characteristics of a two-dimensional lid-driven square cavity flow of three high Reynolds numbers, $7.5{\times}10^3$, $10^4$ and $3{\times}10^4$. A conservative convection term on irregular grids was adopted by renewing the MAC type difference schemes on regular grids. Relaxation of velocity and pressure is implemented by SOLA algorithm. In case of $Re=7.5{\times}10^3$, flow behavior converges to steady state after a transient period. But for $Re=10^4$, periodic unsteady sinusoidal fluctuation of local velocity and kinetic energy is found and continuous movements of small eddies in the secondary flow regions are also discovered. Random generation of eddies and their active migrating behavior are detected for $Re=3{\times}10^4$, resulting in complete unsteady and non-linear flow characteristics. And, an organized structure similar to a Moffat vortex is also observed from the time-mean flow patterns. Furthermore, a typoon-like vortex(TLV) appears intemittently and rotates along the separation regions and boundary layers.
이영호(Y.H. Lee),민병호(B.H. Min),박성대(S.D. Park),노의철(E.C. Nho),김인동(I.D. Kim),전태원(T.W. Chun),김흥근(H.G. Kim),최남섭(N.S. Choi) 전력전자학회 2007 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
A new power quality disturbance generator is proposed. The proposed scheme overcomes the problem of voltage drop of the conventional generator in normal mode. Therefore, the output voltage of the proposed generator is constant in normal mode and the efficiency of the series transformer is improved. The proposed generator has good feature of simple structure, cost effective implementation, high reliability and easy control. The usefulness of the scheme is verified through simulation and experiments.
마이크로그리드용 순간정전 및 위상급변 발생기의 출력특성 해석
이영호(Y.H. Lee),민병호(B.H. Min),정재헌(J.H. Jung),노의철(E.C. Nho),김인동(I.D. Kim),전태원(T.W. Chun),김흥근(H.G. Kim) 전력전자학회 2008 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
This paper describes output characteristics analysis of outage and phase jump generator for microgrid. The outage and phase jump can be generated with 3-phase voltage disturbance generator. As soon as the outage occurs the STS(Solid Transfer Switch)s are switched off. At the beginning of the outage the PCS is required to limit the reverse current within the rated PCS output current. In case of phase jump the PCS output voltage phase should be adjusted. The generator output characteristics are analysed through simulation.
마이크로그리드용 순간정전발생기의 순간정전모드 동작시 전류특성 해석
이영호(Y.H. Lee),민병호(B.H. Min),노의철(E.C. Nho),김인동(I.D. Kim),전태원(T.W. Chun),김흥근(H.G. Kim) 전력전자학회 2008 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
This paper describes the current characteristics of outage generator for microgrid in outage mode operation. The outage can be generated with 3-phase voltage disturbance generator. The STS current becomes very huge during the first cycle of the outage, and the magnitude of the current depends on the time impedance, series transformer leakage inductance, interfacing reactor of PCS, and the maximum allowable PCS output current. The current and load voltage waveform are analysed through simulation.
등척성 운동 시 근육의 단축성 운동과 신장성 운동에 따른 근피로도 평가
이영호(Y. H. Lee),정현두(H. D. Jung),최흥호(H. H. Choi),문창수(C. S. Mun),문치웅(C. W. Mun) 한국재활복지공학회 2012 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.6 No.1
본 연구에서는 등척성 운동 시 단축성 운동과 신장성 운동에 따른 이두근과 삼두근의 근피로도 변화를 근전도를 통해 평가하였다. 건강한 남성12명을 대상으로 팔꿈치 관절의 최대 굴곡을 통한 단축성 운동과 최대 신전을 통한 신장성 운동을 수행하였다. 획득한 근전도 신호는 시간 영역과 주파수 영역에서 Integrated EMG(IEMG)와 Mean Power Frequency(MNF)로 분석하였다. 단축성 운동과 신장성 운동 모두에서 이두근과 삼두근의 IEMG는 증가하였고 MNF는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 하지만 근 피로지수는 운동 방법에 따라 근의 길이가 신장되는 부위에서 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 단축성 운동과 신장성 운동에서 근의 피로는 이두근과 삼두근에서 모두 일어나며 근의 길이 변화가 근의 피로에 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. In this study, muscle fatigue of biceps and triceps during isometric exercise depending on concentric contraction and eccentric contraction was evaluated using EMG. 12 healthy male volunteers was performed concentric exercise and eccentric exercise by maximum flection and extension of elbow joint. Integrated EMG (IEMG) in time domain and mean power frequency (MNF) in frequency domain were calculated. MNF of the biceps and triceps was decreased, whereas IEMG was increased during concentric contraction and eccentric contraction. But muscle fatigue index appeared higher at region of stretched muscle length. in this result, muscle fatigue occurs at both biceps and triceps muscle during concentric and eccentric exercise, and muscle fatigue was affected by muscle contraction and extension.