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Impact of Gamma Analysis Parameters on Dose Evaluation Using Gafchromic EBT2 Films
이스란,박지연,서태석,박혜진,이정우,Won-Gyun Jung 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.8
To recommend optimal gamma analysis parameters (grid size and search range) for detecting dose errors, we evaluated the impact of gamma models and parameters on dose verification in volumetric modulated fields. Delivered doses were verified under open, 45˚ wedged, and volumetric modulated fields for prostate, anal, head and neck, and brain cancer by using Gafchromic EBT2 films for gamma evaluation. Two gamma models (a conventional method and a modified method to compensate for unintended dose errors caused by misalignments between reference and evaluated matrixes) were employed. The variation in the detected dose errors was evaluated in each gamma model for different grid sizes (0.5, 1, and 2 mm) and search ranges (1, 2, and 4 mm) applied to determine distant-toagreement. The dose discrepancy of each evaluation was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated using a pass ratio in analysis software developed in-house. The modified gamma model with a small search range and grid size showed a higher pass ratio than the conventional model in volumetric modulated arc therapy. The pass ratio for 2 mm grid size decreased by over 40% as compared to that for 1 mm grid size. The pass ratio decreased by more than 30% as the search range was increased from 1 mm to 4 mm. Therefore, 1 mm grid size and 1 mm search range may be appropriate to evaluate dose errors in modulated fields after using the modified gamma model.
요르단인 학습자의 한국어 문장 내 말마디 경계 장음화 현상 고찰
이스라 하산 국제한국언어문화학회 2018 한국언어문화학 Vol.15 No.1
This paper examines the temporal aspect of utterance-final lengthening in the Korean speech of Jordanian learners in which a foreign tone was observed, especially on the boundaries of words followed by a stop. Although these pauses are usually accompanied by vowel lengthening in the Korean language as well, the vowel lengthening made by Jordanian speakers seems to be different. To discover the reasons for this phenomenon, this study assumed that stress position in Jordanian Arabic affects utterance-final lengthening in Korean. Based on this assumption, this study examined the vowel duration of eight targeted words inserted into the middle of eight sentences followed by pauses. Resultantly, a longer vowel duration was observed in the speech of Jordanian learners when the stress fell on penultimate syllables, whereas ordinary vowel duration was observed when the stress fell on the antepenultimate position. The results suggest that further studies should follow to reveal whether there are other aspects of the mother language that may be considered to interfere with the Korean language speech of Jordanian learners.
고성능 액체 크로마토그래피에서 아미노산과 이들 에스테르의 플루오레닐메톡시카르보닐 유도체의 자외선과 형광 검출에서의 동시 광학분리
이스람 포크롤(Md. Fokhrul Islam),이원재(Wonjae Lee) 한국생물공학회 2015 KSBB Journal Vol.30 No.4
Liquid chromatographic enantiomer separation of α-amino acids and their methyl and ethyl esters as fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC) derivatives was performed using a recently developed chiral column (Chiralpak IE) based on polysaccharide derivative under simultaneous UV detection and fluorescence detection. The degree of enantiomer separation of α-amino acid esters as FMOC derivatives is generally higher than that of the corresponding α-amino acids. Especially, α-amino acid methyl esters showed the greatest enantioseparation. As this method developed in this study can be applied to determine the chemical and optical purity of α-amino acids and esters, it is expected to be quite useful for their chiral separation using Chiralpak IE.
Post-Soviet Reindeer Herders: Between Family and Collective Herding
이스토민 키릴 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 러시아연구소 2020 REGION Vol.9 No.1
Reindeer herding constitutes the basis of the traditional economy and culture of many indigenous peoples of Eurasia. This paper discusses the diverse trajectories reindeer herding in Russia has taken in different areas of Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It is shown that three regional trajectories of reindeer-herding development can be distinguished: (1) the northeastern/taiga trajectory, characterized by a collapse of Soviet-era state farms (sovkhozes) and a dramatic decrease of reindeer herding; (2) the west Siberian trajectory, characterized by a collapse of sovkhozes and a boom in private reindeer herding; (3) the European (Barents Region) trajectory, characterized by a relative stability in the number of farms, reindeer, and reindeer herders. This diversity can be explained by three factors: the degree to which local reindeer herding has been "modernized" in the Soviet era, the legal status of the herders, and, most importantly, the worldview of "sovkhoism" as a complex of informal practices that manipulate collective property for personal advantage and communal security.
이완 이스탄토(Istanto I, S. W.),지상원(S. W. Ji),김현호(H. H. Kim),이일영(I. Y. Lee),김상호(S. H. Kim),이현철(H.C. Lee) 유공압건설기계학회 2014 유공압건설기계학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.9
In this paper linear and nonlinear model of a hydraulic servovalves are analyzed. Linear model use a linearized of continuity equation, and the nonlinear model use a nonlinear equation of continuity equation. Linear model is important and this is one of the method for assessing the local stability of an equilibrium point of a system of nonlinear model. Error in linear and nonlinear models are compared and flowforce effect on the servo hydraulic models are investigated. Computer simulation are included to illustrate the behavior of hydraulic servovalve.