덴탈유니트의 핸드피스 및 초음파 치석 제거기의 미생물 오염에 관한 연구

이병문,김창회,김영수,Lee, Byung-Moon,Kim, Chang-Whe,Kim, Young-Soo 대한치과보철학회 1998 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.36 No.1

The risk of cross-contamination in dental clinic is very high. Those who are engaged in dental clinic are exposed to various microorganisms in saliva and blood of patient. Potential possibility of cross-contamination of patient to patient, patient to dentist, dentist to laboratory technician always exist, which is important in the view of public health. It is well known that microorganisms may cause cross-contamination by suck-back of microorganisms into the water supply line or air supply line of dental unit and sprayed back into the next patient's oral cavity. The majority of microorganisms coming from dental unit are water microorganisms from the main water supply which have colonized the tube within the units and multiplied in the relatively warm and stagnant conditions. The purpose of this study is to measure the extent of microbial contamination of dental unit and ultrasonic scaler, to evaluate that dental unit water supply is suitable for drinking water, and to assess the effect of flushing on reduction of microbial contamination of dental unit and ultrasonic scaler. In the first experiment, water samples(50ml) from 20 dental units and 10 ultrasonic scalers in Seoul National Univ. Hosp. were tested for the presence of coliform. The samples were filtered by membrane filtration technique.(Microfil system, Millipore Co. U. S. A.) The filter was then placed onto MacConkey agar plate and the plates with filter on it were incubated aerobically at $37^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. The colors and shapes of colonies were examined if those were coliform. To verify the presence of coliform, the colonies were inoculated into phenol red lactose broth and incubated aerobically at $37^{\circ}C$ for 2 days. The fomation of gas was observed. In the second experiment, water samples from 20 handpieces, 10 ultrasonic scalers and 30 A/W syringes after 0, 2, 4, 6 min. flushing respectively were taken. $200{\mu}l$ water samples were spreaded on Brain Heart Infusion agar plate and the plates were incubated aerobically at $37^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. The number of colony was counted. The results obtained were summarized as follows 1. The water from dental unit and ultrasonic scaler was not suitable for drinking water. 2. No coliform was founded in dental unit and ultrasonic scaler water supply. 3. The number of colony of dental unit and ultrasonic scaler was highest in the group of o min. flushing(p<0.05). 4. There was no statistically significant difference in the extent of microbial contamination among handpiece, ultrasonic scaler and A/W syringe (p>0.05). 5. The number of colony was lowest in the group of 4 min. flushing, but there was no statistically significant difference among 2, 4, 6 min. flushing groups.(p>0.05) 6. It is recommended to flush dental unit water line for 4 min. after use on each patient.

SGA개정안과 CISG의 비교연구

이병문,Lee, Byung-Mun 한국무역상무학회 2003 貿易商務硏究 Vol.20 No.-

This study primarily concerns the Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002, focusing on the newly amended rules of the Sale of Goods Act(1979). It describes and analyzes the provisions of Regulations 2002 in a comparative way in order to provide legal advice to the sellers who plans to enter into English consumer markets. It also attempts to compare the rules of Regulations 2002 with those of CISG and to evaluate them in light of the discipline of Law and Economics the basic question of which is whether a solution from one jurisdiction may enhence 'efficiency', serving the goal of reducing negotiation costs through providing a set of default terms, and through imposing an efficient solution which may assist value maximizing exchange where disputes arise.

상호대화형 객체 삽입과 가변 버퍼 정책을 이용한 스트림 동기화 기법의 성능 평가

이병문(Byung Moon Lee),이양민(Yang Min Lee),이재기(Jae Kee Lee) 한국정보과학회 2003 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.1C

현재 시간성에 민감한 서비스가 인터넷상에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 시간성이 민감한 서비스는 사용자와 상호대화를 가능케 하는 미디어 전송 방법 및 연속적 재생을 보장하기 위한 버퍼 정책이 요구된다. 관련연구에서는 여러 방법을 통해 동기화를 달성하고 있으나 상호대화라는 측면에서는 만족할 만한 해결책을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 상호대화형 객체(Interactive Object)를 각 미디어 파일에 삽입하고 객체들이 서로의 정보를 이용할 수 있는 함수를 설계하여 실시간에 원하는 미디어 프레임 재생위치를 찾아냄으로써 동기화와 상호대화성이라는 문제를 해결하였다. 또한 네트워크에 대한 의존성 때문에 발생하는 불연속적인 재생은 크기를 변화시킬 수 있는 가변 버퍼를 이용함으로써 해결하였다. 그리고 두 가지 방법을 적용한 기법의 우수성을 시뮬레이션 실험을 통하여 확인하였다.

실시간 심음 전송을 위한 원격 의료상담시스템

이병문(Byung-Mun Lee),조원희(Won-Hee Cho),윤영미(Young-Mi Yoon) 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.9 No.8

원격의료에 있어서 의사와의 상담은 매우 중요하다. 그러나 의사가 환자의 상태를 보다 정확히 판단하기 위해서는 최소한의 청진이 필요하다. 최근에 인터넷을 기반으로 화상 상담시스템이 개발되었으나 심장질환의 경우에는 원격으로 심음을 청진할 수 없어 원격의료 상담에 활용할 수 없었다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하려면 의사와 환자가 상담도중에 심음을 측정하고 이를 실시간으로 전송할 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 의사가 인터넷을 통해 전송된 심음을 듣고 청진할 수 있는 실시간 심음 전송용 원격의료 화상청진 시스템을 제시하였다. 또한 u-헬스케어 환경에 적합하도록 모니터링 요원을 통해 주치의를 연결시켜줄 수 있도록 기능을 설계하고 구현하였다. 제안된 시스템은 환자와 의사의 이동성을 지원하기 위해 서버에이전트를 두어 사용자 인증과정에서 네트워크 주소정보를 제공하도록 기능구현을 하였다. 본 논문에서 구현한 시스템은 향후 심장질환자의 원격진료에 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Counselling between a patient and a doctor is crucial in telemedicine. In order for the doctor to examine the patient accurately, it needs an auscultation, at least. Currently, some video conference systems are implemented but it is hard to use them in the case of an cardiac disorder, because the patients suffering from cardiac disorder cannot be examined by a stethoscope over Internet. To solve this problem, the remote counselling service has to support real time transmission of the heart sound of the patient. In this paper, we present a remote counselling system with stethoscope . We also design and implement the system in order for health monitor to connect the patient with his attending physician for the environment of u-healthcare service. The proposed system supports a mobility for doctor and patient by exchanging IP addresses at an user authentication protocol. The system implemented by this paper can be used for cardiac patients in remote clinical setting in the future.

Leopard danio 반문의 유전 양상과 생존율에 미치는 영향

이병문(Byung Moon Lee),강거영(Geo Young Kang),송춘복(Choon Bok Song) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1998 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.11 No.3

PICC 및 DCFR상 금전채무 이행청구권에 관한 비교연구

이병문(Byung-Mun Lee),신건훈(Gun-Hoon Shin) 한국무역연구원 2013 무역연구 Vol.9 No.7

This study primarily concerns the creditor's right to require performance of monetary obligation under the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts; here-in-after PICC) and the Draft Common Frame of Reference; here-in-after DCFR). The right is known as a process whereby the aggrieved creditor obtains as nearly as possible the actual subject-matter of his bargain, as opposed to compensation in money for failing to obtain it. The study describes and analyzes the rules of the PICC as to the seller's right to require performance of monetary obligations in comparison to those of the DCFR In this comparative study, it raises the questions on what is its legal nature and what the restrictions of his right to require performance are. It particularly deals with main controversial issues as to, first, how one must handle the cases where both the creditor and the debtor coincidentally causes the debtor's failure to pay which cannot be divisible, second, whether the debtor can be exempted from his duty to pay where his failure to pay is caused by another event as to which the creditor bears the risks which is not the creditor's act or ommission, and third, if the creditor is divested of his right to require payment where the monetary obligation has not yet been earned by the creditor's own performance and it is clear that the debtor will refuse to receive the creditor's future performance. On the basis of the comparative analysis, the study puts forward the author's opinion some issues could be handled within the existing regime in a way to apply some other basic provisions, whereas the other issues could not be so that it is necessary to be amended in a possible near future.

유헬스에서 안전한 생체정보전송을 위한 동적인 유효세션기반의 상호인증 프로토콜

이병문(Byung-Mun Lee),임헌철(Heon-Cheol Lim),강운구(Un-Ku Kang) 한국콘텐츠학회 2011 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.11 No.2

무선센서 네트워크를 기반으로 한 유헬스 서비스는 개인의 의료건강정보를 보다 안전하게 전송하고 처리하여야 한다. 대부분의 유헬스 센서기기는 게이트웨이를 통해 전송하는 구조이므로 기기와 게이트웨이간의 신뢰성 문제는 매우 중요하다. 사용자가 센서기기를 휴대하면서 이동하게 되면 게이트웨이의 수신범위 밖으로 멀어지므로 데이터 전송이 불가하다. 이 틈을 이용한 비인가 센서기기의 데이터 무결성 침해가 발생할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 비인증 게이트웨이가 허가받지 않고 생체정보를 갈취할 가능성도 있다. 이경우도 데이터 기밀성 침해문제가 발생된다. 따라서 유헬스 센서기기와 게이트웨이 간에는 응용레벨에서의 상호인증이 반드시 필요하다. 기기와 게이트웨이간의 어플리케이션 전송세션을 세분화하고 각 세션을 주기적으로 갱신하면 침해를 차단하는 효과가 있다. 그러나 이 과정에서의 인증을 위한 전송오버헤드를 최소화하려면 생체정보의 측정주기에 따른 동적인 유효 세션기법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이 기법을 제안하였고 3가지 실험을 통해 상호인증 성공결과를 확인하였다. All medical information over sensor networks need to transmit and process securely in the u-Health services. The reliability of transmission between u-Health medical sensor devices and gateway is very important issue. When the user moves to other place with u-Health devices, its signal strength is going down and is far from the coverage of gateway. In this case, Malicious user can be carried out an intrusion under the situation. And also rogue gateway can be tried to steal medical information. Therefore, it needs mutual authentication between sensor devices and gateway. In this paper, we design a mutual authentication protocol which divided sessions from an authenticated session are updated periodically. And in order to reduce the traffic overhead for session authentication, we also introduce dynamic session management according to sampling rate of medical sensor type. In order to verify this, we implemented the programs for the test-bed, and got an overall success from three types of experiment.

FTA 국내보완대책의 평가와 과제

이병문(Byung-Mun LEE),정희진(Hee-Jin JEONG) 한국무역상무학회 2018 貿易商務硏究 Vol.77 No.-

This study closely examines domestic supplementary measures implemented for Free Trade Agreements (FTA) concerning the agriculture and livestock industry andfinds out their problems andput forwardimprovement measures in terms of their system and contents. The systematic problems with previously establishedsupplementarymeasures are as follows. First, the existingshort and long term measures does not comply with each FTA s special and unique economical, political and legislative purpose. Secondly, they focus on improvements for individual FTAs. They must be holistic and integrative consideringall FTAs, thusproducingsynergy toreach better policyoverall. Lastly, FTA policies and the measures must reflect the expanding size and scope of regional economic integration. Problems or concerns in existing supplementary measures include first, flexible financing. The government hands out loans to players in the industry basedon assets but these loansmust be flexible tomarket interest changes andmust include reducedmortgage rateoptions. Secondly, rigid standards that trigger direct lossprevention, establishingmaximumandminimum loan limits, and developing a comprehensive standard for identifying crops to support are all problems that needtobe addressed. Thirdly, education of next and future agricultural generation is paramount in building a competitive workforce. Fourthly, thegovernment must identify industries lackingin performanceor short in supply tocease or reducingfunding. Last but not least, the government should actively search for newmarkets for export andproduce long termroadmaps for export growth.

수면 테라피 서비스를 위한 PSQI 지원 가상 수면센서

이병문(Byung Mun Lee),황희정(Hee Joung Hwang) 한국멀티미디어학회 2015 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.18 No.12

DCFR 및 한국법상 프랜차이즈계약 가맹업자의 의무에 관한 비교연구

이병문(Byung Mun LEE),신건훈(Gun Hoon SHIN) 한국무역상무학회 2015 貿易商務硏究 Vol.65 No.-

This study primarily concerns the various franchisor's duties provided under the Draft Common Frame of Reference (here-in-after DCFR) in comparison with those under Korean law. It particularly focuses on the followings. First, it scrutinizes the rules on the scope of application in a comparative way, focusing on the following questions; what is the definition of a franchise contract and what are the essential elements of such contract. Second, it investigates in a comparative way the provisons as to the franchisor's contractual duties as follows; 1) a duty to collaborate actively and loyally and coordinate their respective efforts, 2) a duty to provide the franchisee with adequate and timely information before the contract is concluded, 3) a duty to grant the franchisee a right to use the intellectual property rights, 4) a duty to provide the franchisee with the know-how, 5) a duty to render the franchisee with assistance, 6) a duty to ensure the products ordered by the franchisee are supplied, 7) a duty to provide information during the performance, 8) a duty to warn the franchisee decreased supply capacity, 9) a duty to make reasonable efforts to promote and maintain the reputation of the franchise network. Its emphasis is particularly put on the rationals, the contents and the nature of such duties. Third, this study provides legal and practical advice to the contracting parties when they intend to insert either the DCFR or Korean law in their contract as a governing law.