UML을 이용한 컴포넌트 재사용을 위한 인터페이스 명세 시각화 방법

이건화(Keon-hwa Lee),김강태(Kang-tae Kim),이경환(Kyung-whan Lee) 한국정보과학회 1999 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2Ⅰ

컴포넌트 재사용을 위해서 필요한 정보를 제공하는 일반적인 방법으로 인터페이스를 명세한다. 그러나 일반적인 인터페이스 명세는 단순히 외부적인 관점에서만 표현하므로, 컴포넌트간의 상호작용과 협력관계를 나타내지 못한다. 그러므로 컴포넌트 개선(evolution) 및 합성(composition)시에 발생할 수 있는 문제점(conflict)에 대한 충분한 정보를 제공할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 외부적으로 요구되는 컴포넌트 인터페이스뿐만 아니라 각 컴포넌트 사이에 발생하는 상호작용을 나타낼 수 있는 방법으로 기존의 계약(contract) 개념을 바탕으로 컴포넌트에 적합하도록 변형하여 이를 시각화하였다. 시각화를 위해서 일반적인 산업표준으로 자리잡아가고 있는 UML의 확장 메커니즘의 하나인 stereotype을 이용하여 기본 컴포넌트 계약 재사용 타입을 나타내고 정의하였다. 그리고 재사용 타입간의 관계를 통하여 컴포넌트 개선 및 합성시에 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 지적하고 이를 감지하는 방법을 제공했다.

위장관 ( 胃腸管 ) : 일차성 Achalasia 에서 풍선 확장술의 효과 판정 기준

나용호(Yong Ho Nah),이건화(Keon Hwa Lee),박옥규(Ock Kyu Park) 대한소화기학회 1991 대한소화기학회지 Vol.23 No.2

N/A Pneumatic dilation of the esophagus is an effective form of therapy to be available to achalasia. To evaluate the criteria predicting the therapeutic effects of pneumatic dilation, the manometric and radiographic appearances of the esophagus with achalasia were analyzed in 32 achalasia patients immediately following pneumatic dilation. A comparison of dysphagia grading and the parameters of the manometric and radiographic studies was made. 1) The pretreatment manometric findings of vigorous achalasia were associated with the significant irriprovement of dysphagia grading score and with high rate of reappearance of peristalsis after pneumatic dilatation. 2) The fall of LES pressure or intraesophageal pressure compare with pretreatment values noted no close relationship to the dysphagia grade after 6 months postdilation. 3) The level of barium fleck (no more than 1 cm) showed a close relationship to the dysphagia grade after pneumatic dilation. 4) The caliber of the esophagogastric channel (more than 8 mm) after dilation showed a close relationship to the dysphagia grade after pneumatic dilation. 5) Reduction of the diameter of the esophageal body was not well correlated with the dysphagia grade after pneumatic dilation. In conclusion, in predicting the clinical response of pneumatic dilation, the esophagogastric diameter or the level of barium fleck in the distal esophagus is the useful criteria to evaluate the effects of pneumatic dilation in achalasia.

원발성폐암 환자에 있어서 종양세포의 DNA 배수성과 생존기간과의 관계

김안명(AN Myung Kim),김동웅(Dong Woung Kim),이건화(Keon Hwa Lee),장근(Keun Chang),정은택(Eun Taik Jeong),정헌택(Hun Taik Jeong) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.4

N/A Investigations regarding the prognostic value of DNA ploidy have been greatly facilitated by the application of flow cytometry using tumor cells isolated from paraffin-embedded tissue. To evaluate the prognostic significance, a DNA ploidy of lung cancer cell was determined by flow cytometry in 28nonsmall cell carcinoma (NSLC) patients who died without any specific treatment (20lung tissue and 8metasratic lymph node (L. N,) tissue) and in 13small-cell carcinoma (SCLC) patients who died having had anticancer chemotherapy more than 3times. 1) Aneuploidy was present in 10out of 20with lung tissue from NSLC patients (6/14 squamous carcinoma, 4/6 adenocarcinoma), in 6out of 8with metastatic L.N. tissue from NSLC patients and in 8out of 13with lung tissue from SCLC patients. 2) The survival times of each group were as follows: 3) On multivariate analysis including histology, TNM stage and performance status, DNA ploidy was the significant and independent prognostic factor in the NSLC patient group.

위장관 ( 胃腸管 ) : 일차성 Achalasia 환자에서 식도 풍선확장술의 치료 효과

나용호(Yong Ho Nah),김안명(An Myoung Kim),임창인(Chang In Yim),김동웅(Dong Woung Kim),이건화(Keon Hwa Lee),김진오(Jin O Kim),김창일(Chang Il Kim) 대한소화기학회 1990 대한소화기학회지 Vol.22 No.4

N/A Pneumatic diletation. an eifective nonsurgical therapy for achalasia, has been in use for many years. To eva!luate therapeutic effect of pneumatic balloon dilation, 26 patients with achalasia had pneumatie dilatinn using the Rigifiex Achalasia Dilator. Comparison of pre-and postoperative clinical, radiolugical, and manometric recorcling of these subjects were done. The luminal diameter at esophmgopaetric junction increased from a mean of 3.4 mm to 9.6 mm and the luminal diameter at esophageal body decreased from a mean of 69 mm to 42.4 mm following pneumatic dilation. The LES and esophageal body preasure decreased from a mean of 70.8 mmHg and 8.0 mmHg ta 19.2 mmHg and 3.9 giimHg respeetively. Twenty-two patients (84%) improved symptomatically within one week following pneumatic clilation. In the nine patients (30%), the reappearance of peristalsis after wet swallow was observed. One delayed perferation occurred, Two upper Gl bleeding and one pathologic reflux wete noted, but resolved v'ith cotsse ative treatment. We conclude that pneumatic dilation in good hand is an attractive treatment option in achalasia because it is simple, relative safe and successful.

흰쥐에서 기립성 저혈압에 대한 전정교감신경반사의 역할

이건화,정진원,박옥규,이문영,김민선,박병림 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.6

응급수술 환자의 마취관리

이상헌,조성두,이건화,송남원,이승목 대한마취과학회 1990 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.23 No.6

We Performed 1,662 anesthesia for emergency surgery at Maryknoll Hospital from January 1985 to December 1989, these surgeries were analyzed clinically and statistically according to age, sex, preoperative status, insurance and noninsurance, frequency of emergency operation, presence of full stomach, department, operation site, anesthetic techniques and agents, time & duration of anesthesia, amount of transfusion. The results were as follows: 1) More than half of the total cases were patients in the third and fourth decade of age. 2) The ratio of male to female numbered 0.83: 1. 3) According to the A.S.A.classification of physical status, patients in emergency class 1 were 38.5%. 4) The ratio of insurance patients (1,113 cases, 67%) versus noninsurance parients (549 cases, 33%) was approximately 2:1. 5) Emergency surgery was 6.1% of total surgical cases. 6) 6.7% patients of emergency surgery had full stomach. 7) The most frequent emergency operations were done by general surgery (43.5%), and obstetrics & gynecology (28.6%). 8) Most common diseases in order, were appendicitis (457 cases), Cesarean section (335 cases), intracranial hematoma (202 cases), repair of tendon, nerve, vessels (71 cases). 9) The most common anesthetic technique for emergency surgery was general anesthesia (94.6%) followed by spinal anesthesia (3.5%). 10) 47.5 percent of emergency operations were performed during the 6 hours from midday to 6 p. m. 11) The duration of anesthesia was up to 2 hours in 1165 cases (70.1%). 12) The cases requiring transfusion during operation were 21.4% (355 cases) of the total cases (1,662 cases).

흉선절제술을 시행한 중증근무력증 환자의 마취관리

이상헌,조성두,이건화,송남원,이승목 대한마취과학회 1991 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.24 No.1

Myasthenia Gravis is a chronic disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness, fatigue of voluntary muscles, especially exacerbations and remissions, a rare disease in Korea. Special considerations are required in the anesthetic management of the myasthenic patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia and in the postoperative respiratory management by anesthesi olgists. Authors report 8 cases of anesthesia, using N20-02-Enflurane without using nondepolarizing and depolarizing muscle relaxants for thymectomy, experienced during the year 1986~1990.

Electroconvulsive Therapy 를 위한 마취의 임상적 고찰

김재홍,김영생,이건화,송남원 대한마취과학회 1987 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.20 No.2

This is the report of our clinical experience of 1365 cases of aneethesia for electroconvu lsive therapy at the Department of Anesthsiology, Maryknoll Hospital, during the period of March, 1989 to February, 1986. To prevent complications, such as compressed fracture of the spine, and to improve doctor-patient relationship, softening electroconvulsive therapy is the preferred treatment for indicated cases. The results were as follows: 1) Diagnostic distribution of the patients treated by E.C,T. were schizophrenia 74.3%, affective disorder 15.0%, other psychosis 10.7%. 2) Average number of treatments given to a patient were average 6.7 times, for the entire group,7.8times for schizophrenia, 8.2 times for the patients with mania,5.5 times for the Patients with major depression, 5.6 times for the patients with the other psychosises. 3) Medication required was sufficient with half the dosage of uaual surgical procedures ie, atropine sulfate 0.008 mg/kg, thiopental sodium 2.5 mg/kg, and succinylcholine 0.5 mg /kg. 4) Duration of apnea averaged 2 minutes 30 seconds, awakening averaged 10 minutes, and average duration per treatment was 15 min. 5) Few patients complained of discomfort or phobia, and less personnel and less effort were required. Complications and side effects due to anesthesia were minimal.

중증근무력증 환자의 흉선절제술시 마취관리 : 2예 보고 Two cases report

박경수,조성두,이건화,송남원 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.4

Myasthenia Gravis is a neuromuscular disorder manifested by increasing weakness and fatigability of voluntary muscles with excecise, and partial or complete rest oration of function following rest or the administration of anticholinesterase drugs. The anesthesiologists may be called upon to assist in the diagnosis of myasthenia, in treating the patient by artificial ventilation during acute exacerbations, to anesthetise the patient for thymectomy or other surgery. Therefore, the anesthesiologists must be familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis to carry on the appropriate therapy. Two cases of anesthesia for thymectomy in myasthenia gravis without using muscle relaxants were experienced, and no respiratory problems were encountered postoperatively.

경피 내시경하 위루술의 고찰

나용호,김동웅,임창인,김안명,이건화,김창일,김진오 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was introduced into clinical practice in 1980 and has become a preferred method of feeding gastrostomy tube placement. Since our first description 1986 in Korea, PEG has supplanted its surgical counterpart in many Korean institutions. During the periods from January 1986 to December 1990, we have managed 102 patients with a PEG. This study reviewed our experience with PEG with respect to the incidence of PEG-related problems and the efficacy of the procedure. 1) Mean age of patients were 43 years(range 15∼78), Primary diagnosis in 102 patients undergoing PEG was head trauma; 63, stoke; 20, CO poisoning; 4, brain tumor; 2, esophageal cancer; 5, cardiac cancer; 6, esophageal poerforation; 1, esophagobronchial fistula; 1. 2) PEG was succesful in 95 patients (93%) and mean operation time was 15 minutes (range 9∼42). Seven patients failed to have a gastrostomy placed for technical reasons including; previous gastrectomy; 2, no transillumination; 2, broken silk suture during procedure; 2, large ventral hernia; 1. 3) The PEG tubes remained well in 88 patients with functioning over 3 months and the longest functioning of PEG tube was 27 months to date. 4) Weight gain was noted in 66 of 88 patients (75%) and mean weight gain was 38%. 5) The incidence of PEG-related complications was 18% and three postoperative death occurred which were related to the patients underlying disease. This author's experience with these 102 patients has led to the conclusion that PEG is safe, easy to perform, and effective means of establishing access for enteral feeding.Key Words: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, enteral feeding.