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소송과 매집 및 사나포(私拿捕) - 특허 생태계의 진화
윤환 ( Hahn Yoon-hwan ) 동의대학교 경제경영전략연구소 2015 經濟經營硏究 Vol.10 No.1
This study examines legal and economic aspects of patent litigation, and proceeds to discuss the recent form of patent brokerage - the patent aggregation. Initially started as an attempt to defend against the attack of patent troll, patent aggregation has evolved to the new type of business model, notably commented by the co-founder of Intellectual Ventures, Nathan Myrvold. The evolution could be understood as, at the broad sense, the private enforcement of patent rights. This new development in the invention market, however, undermines the economic playground among corporations. Historical privateering might re-emerge in the 21st century and the policymakers tentatively investigate the antitrust issues originating from privateering as well as the possible impacts upon the evolution of intellectual property ecosystem.
윤환 ( Hwan Yoon ),강병주 ( Byung Ju Kang ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),김동순 ( Dong Soon Kim ),송진우 ( Jin Woo Song ) 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회지 Vol.83 No.1
POEMS 증후군은 다발성신경병증(polyneuropathy), 장기종대(organomegaly), 다양한 형태의 내분비장애(endocrinopathy), 단클론성 감마글로블린병증(monoclonal gammopahty), 피부병변(skin lesion)을 특징으로 하는 드문 질환으로, 폐침범의 형태로 유육종증을 동반한 예는 보고된 바가 없다. 저자들은 유육종증(sarcoidosis)을 동반한 POEMS 증후군 환자를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. POEMS syndrome is a monoclonal plasma cell disorder characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes. Pulmonary manifestations of POEMS syndrome are common, with frequent symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory involvement on presentation. However, there have been no reported cases of concomitant sarcoidosis and POEMS syndrome. We treated a 55-year-old woman who presented with dyspnea and bilateral lower leg pitting edema. She had been diagnosed with sarcoidosis 4 years earlier. We reassessed the patient meticulously and found polyneuropathy, IgG lambda type monoclonal gammopathy, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypothyroidism, hypertrichosis, and pleural and pericardial effusions, all of which led us to diagnose POEMS syndrome. Immunosuppression with high-dose dexamethasone led to clinical and radiological improvement.
Chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum NCIB 8327에서 분리한 Chlorosomes의 물리화학적 특성
나종욱,윤환,강사욱,Na, Jong-Uk,Yoon, Hwan,Kang, Sa-Ouk 한국미생물학회 1993 미생물학회지 Vol.31 No.1
녹황색 세균인 Chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum NCIB 8327 로부터 광수확기구인 chlorosome 을 초원심분리법으로 분리하여 그들의 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. Chlorosome 은 Percoll self gradient 에서 초원심분리하였을 때 약 1.05 g/$cm^{3}$ 의 밀도인 것으로 측정되었다. UV-visible absorption spectra 에 의한 분석결과. chlorosome 은 세균엽록소 (bacteriochlorophyll)d, chlorobactene 및 약간의 세균엽록소 a 로 구성되었음을 확인하였다. 분리된 chlorosome 은 산성조건에서보다 염기성 조건(pH>7) 에서 더 안정하고, 0.deg. C 에서 $80^{\circ}C$ 까지 온도에서는 안정하나 그이상의 온도에서는 급격하게 파괴되었으며, 빛에 의해서도 쉽게 파괴되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 두고 볼 때, chlorosome 에서는 색소를 안정화시켜주는 단백질이나 지질이 존재할 석으로 생각된다. Physicochemical characteristics of chlorosomes isolated from Chlorobium lirnicoh f.thiosulfirtc~pl~ilut~i NClB 8327 were analyzed by means of UV-Visible spectrophotometer and CD-spectrophotometer. The density of the isolated chlorosomes were estimated to be 1.05 (g/$cm^{3}$) by Percoll self gradient ultracentrifugation. Chlorosome consist of bacteriochlorophyll d and some chlorobactene, and little amounl of bacteriochlorophyll a. Chlorosome is stable from 0 to $80^{\circ}C$and alkaline solution (above pH 7.0). but unstable in illuminated condition. From these results. it is suggested that some proteins or lipids may be essential for the stabilization of chlorosomes in vivo.