신경 회로망 벡터 양자화를 이용한 움직임 탐색 영역의 예측

유대현,김재창,Ryu, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Jae-Chang 대한전자공학회 1996 전자공학회논문지-B Vol.b33 No.1

본 논문에서는 동영상 압축의 핵심 기술인 움직임 벡터 추정에 있어서 신경 회로망을 이용한 벡터 양자화에 의해 탐색 영역을 예측하는 방법을 제안한다. 훈련영상을 입력으로 하여 전역 탐색법 등에 의하여 구해진 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 움직임 벡터 코드 북을 생성하고 이를 예측 탐색 점으로 이용한다. 움직임 벡터 코드 북을 생성하기 위해서 병렬 처리 특성과 다양한 학습 알고리즘을 갖는 신경 회로망을 이용하였다. 제안된 방법은 움직임 벡터들의 높은 공간적 상관성을 이용하게 되고 결과적으로 적은 탐색 점으로 움직임 벡터를 추정할 수 있으므로 계산량을 줄일 수 있을 뿐 아니라 움직임 벡터를 표현하기 위해 소요되는 비트 수도 크게 줄일 수 있다. 모의 실험을 통하여 제안된 방식이 기존의 고속 블록 매칭 알고리즘보다 우수함을 보였다. This paper presents a new search region prediction method using vector quantization for the motion estimation. We find motion vectors using the full search BMA from two successive frame images first. Then the motion vectors are used for training a codebook. The trained codebook is the predicted search region. We used the unsupervised neural network for VQ encoding and codebook design. A major advantage of formulating VQ as neural networks is that the large number of adaptive training algorithm that are used for neural networks can be applied to VQ. The proposed method reduces the computation and reduce the bits required to represent the motion vectors because of the smaller search points. The computer simulation results show the increased PSNR as compared with the other block matching algorithms.

방사선과 폐수산자원을 이용한 하수 농축슬러지 처리에 관한 연구

유대현,이재광,이면주,강호,Yoo Dae-Hyun,Lee Jae-Kwang,Lee Myun-Joo,Kang Ho 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2004 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.13 No.4

본 연구는 하수처리장에서 발생되는 농축슬러지의 처리방법에 대해 진행하였다. 방사선을 15 kGy 조사하였을 때 농축슬러지에 존재하는 일반세균 및 대장균을 99% 이상 제거, 유기물 분해등 소화조에서 일어나는 공정을 대체 할 수 있다. 폐수산자원인 불가사리를 가공하여 제조한 물리개량제를 첨가하여 응집공정의 효율을 높이고 아울러 함수율 10% 이상의 저감효과를 얻을 수 있다. This study was focused on the treatment of thickened sewage sludge. General bacteria and E. coli were disinfected over 99% and organic compounds were decomposed after irradiation. It was suggested that this process can be an alternative for digestion Process. The moisture content in sludge was decreased over 10% (w/w) and the coagulation of sludge particles was enhanced by irradiation at the dose of 15 kGy and addition of sea waste resource (star-fish) as a dewatering aid.

도시내 배수설비 슬러지가 악취에 미치는 영향 연구

유대현,박지훈,이용훈,이장훈,강선홍,Yu, Dae-Hyun,Park, Jihoon,Lee, Yong-Hoon,Lee, Jang-Hown,Kang, Seon-Hong 대한상하수도학회 2014 상하수도학회지 Vol.28 No.3

The residents' odor complaint is steadily increasing by odor causing from sewage system. A current drainage facilities and septic tank are included in the individual sewerage according to Sewerage Act. However, definitions and legal standards of drainage tank are insufficient. In addition, specifications and maintenance standards related to structure and size are not established. In this research, effect of drainage tank in individual sewage facilities on the odor occurrence was studied and the concentrations of $H_2S$ and composite odor were measured. From the measurements, the concentration of $H_2S$ and composite odor were 1 ppm ~ 5 ppm and 1.04 OU ~ 4.05 OU, respectively, before pump operation. Also, the concentration of $H_2S$ and composite odor were 5 ppm ~ 33 ppm and 5.10 OU ~ 35.04 OU, respectively, after pump operation. The concentration of SS in the effluent from drainage tank was ranged from 840 mg/L to 1,980 mg/L. These high concentration of SS seemed to be the major source of foul smell when high concentrated suspended solids in the public sewerage system were decomposed and then emitted. In this research, correlation coefficient ($R^2$) between $H_2S$ and composite odor before and after pumping were 0.925 and 0.918, respectively.

백서의 대망을 혈관경으로 이식하여 생성시킨 이차적 도서형 피판

유대현,탁관철,유재덕,Lew, Dae-Hyun,Tark, Kwan-Chul,Lew, Jae-Duk 대한미세수술학회 1996 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.5 No.1

The omental pedicle based on right gastroepiploic vessels is designed new experimental model for prefabrication(revasculirization) of skin flaps in rats. A $2.5{\times}4cm$ pack of omentum with right gastroepiploic vessels was transferred under a bipediceld panniculocutaneous flap which is $2.5{\times}8cm$ size. At day 7, all four margin was divided and the flap was rasied as an secondary island flap connected only by its vascular pedicle, then the composite flap sutured back in place. The flap perfusion was examined by dermofluorometry and flap survival area was measured at day 12. The Secondary island flap demonstrated a dye fluorescence index(DFI%) of $31.38{\pm}12.33$ and survival rate $80.47{\pm}9.61$ The survival rate was increased when DFI% and contact surface between vascular carrier and skin flap was increased. An india ink injection and histologic examination provided visual evidence of revasculization. The omental pedicle is a promising and safe model for revasculirization of other tissues.

하이개부에 발생한 모기질종

유대현,최문기,오승환,권대근,전인철,손도경,박성원,Yoo, Dae-Hyun,Choi, Moon-Ki,Oh, Seung-Hwan,Kwon, Dae-Keun,Jun, In-Chul,Son, Do-Kyoung,Park, Sung-Won 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2010 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.32 No.6

Pilomatricoma or calcifying epithelioma is a benign tumor of hair follicle origin. Pilomatricoma presents a slowly enlarged and asymptomatic mass that located dermal or subdermal area. It showed mostly on face and upper limb and head and neck represents 50% of all case. And it developed almostly in the first 2 decade of life. Histologically, encapsulated mass composed of solid small basophilic cells and eosinophilic ghost cells. Surgical excision is the treatment choice and rarely recurs. The purpose of this article is to represent of pilomatricoma on subauricular region that treated with mass excision and local transpositional flap. Althrough the presurgical diagnosis of pilomatricoma may be difficult, clinicians must keep in mind the differential of head and neck masses that located subdermal layers.

춘천몸짓극장

유대현(Ryu, Dae-hyun) 현대건축사 2008 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.106

청주노인전문병원

유대현(Ryu, Dae-hyun),김상기(Kim, Sang-gi) 현대건축사 2007 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.102

관절의 연골조직에서 VLA항원의 발현에 관한 연구

유대현 ( Dae Hyun Yoo ),정성수 ( Sung Soo Jung ),이인홍 ( In Hong Lee ),배상철 ( Sang Cheol Bae ),김성윤 ( Seong Yoon Kim ),정현기 ( Hyun Kee Chung ),최일용 ( Il Yong Choi ) 대한류마티스학회 1994 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 대표적인 유착분자인 VLA항원은 세포와 세포 간, 세포와 세포외 기질단백 특히 collagen, fibronectin, laminin 등과의 유착에 관여하여 매우 다양한 생물학적 기능을 보유하고 있다. 류마티스 관절염과 퇴행성 관절염에서 질환의 발병기전과 연골의 재생과정에 VLA항원이 관여할 것으로 추측되지만 이에 대한 연구는 미진하였다. 이에 저자들은 정상인과 류마티스 관절염 및 퇴행성 관절염 환자의 연골조직에서 VLA항원의 발현양 상을 관찰하고 정상조직과의 차이점을 비교하기 위해 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방법: 정상 대조조직 1예, 류마티스 관절염 10예, 퇴행성 관절염 7예에서·연골조직을 획득하여, 단세포군항체를 이용한 면역조직화학법으로 VLA항 원의 발현을 관찰하였다. 결과: 1) 정상 연골조직은 CD29와 VLA-5의 발현이 가장 현저하였고, VLA-l와 3는 대단히 약하고 일정하지 않은 발현을 보였다. CD51의 발현은 CD29와 비슷한 정도로 강하였으나 CD61의 발현 은 없었다. 2) 퇴행성 관절염의 연골조직은 CD29, CD51, VLA-5의 발현강도가 정상 조직에 비해 증가되었고 연골세포의 증식으로 군집을 형성한 부위에서 가장 현저하였다. VLA-l과 3의 발현양상은 정상 연골과 비슷하였으냐, 연골세포가 군집을 이룬 부위에서는 발현의 강도가 현저히 증가하였다. 3) 류마티스 관절염의 연골조직도 퇴행성 관절 염의 조직소견과 유사하게 CD29, CD51, VLA-l, 3의 발현강도가 정상 조직보다 약간 증가된 소견을 보였다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 VLA항원이 류마티스 관절염과 퇴행성 관절염의 연골조직에서 정상보다 강하게 발현되고, 특히 fibrnectin을 배위자로 하는 VA 5와 a.f1이 주로 발현되는 VLA항원임을 알았다. 향후 VLA항원이 관절염의 발병기전에서 차지하는 기능에 관한 연구와 여러 성장인자들과 cyokine이 VLA항원의 양적인 발현에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Objective: The adhesion molecule that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion provides very important role in growth and differentiation of cells and tissue. VLA integrin is a prototype of adhesion molecule which participate in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interacton, especially for collagen, laminin and fibronectin. The biologic functions of VLA-integrin are very diverse. Cartilage is the target tissue of various arthritides including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and the process of homeostasis in cartilage matrix may be very important in preservation of cartilage. Although VLA integrin may participate in the process of cartilage degeneration and repair mechanism, tissue distribution and exact role of VLA integrin in cartilage was not yet clearly defined. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of VLA-integrin in cryostat section of articular cartilage was conducted using monoclonal antibody and avidin-biotin complex method. Analysis was performed in 10 rheumatoid arthritis specimens, 7 osteoarthritis specimens and 1 normal control. Results: 1) Normal cartilage showed strong and diffuse stain with CD29, CD51 and moderate stain of VLA-5. Staining pattern of VLA-1 and 3 was inconstant and weak in intensity. 2) The intensity of VLA expression in articular cartilage of osteoarthritis was upregulated chiefly in CD29, CD51 and slightly in VLA-5. The positive rate of VLA-l and 3 was similar to that of normal cartilage though the intensity was increased especially at cluster of chondrocytes. 3) VLA-integrin expression of rheumatoid arthritis cartilage was similar to that of osteoarthritis cartilage. Conclusion: VLA integrins functioning as fibronectin receptor such as VLA-5 and α,β1 were upregulated in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Intensity was increased at clusters of chondrocytes. It was able to presume from above findings that VLA molecule has some role in the maintenance and repair of articular cartilage. The regulation of expression by cytokines and growth factors and exact function of VLA molecule in cartilage have to be elucidated.

류마티스 관절염의 최신 치료 경향

유대현(Dae Hyun Yoo) 대한정형외과학회 2010 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

류마티스 관절염은 최근의 학문적 발전에도 불구하고 완치법이 아직 개발되지 않고 있는 만성 염증성 질환이며 관절의 손상을 초래하여 여러 가지 심각한 문제를 유발할 수 있다. 그러나 다방면의 의학 발전에 힘입어 류마티스 관절염의 치료는 최근 10년 간 괄목할 만한 발전을 거두고 있다. 치료에서 최근 약 십 여 년간 나타난 가장 큰 변화는 우선 과거와는 다른 새로운 개념의 치료 약제의 개발로서 한 가지 물질을 목표로 개발된 화합물 및 생물학적 제제의 등장을 들 수 있고, 류마티스 관절염의 활성을 적절하게 종합적으로 측정할 수 있는 outcome measure들의 활용이 가능해졌으며, 과거 사용하던 단계적인 치료법에서 탈피한 새로운 치료 방침, 즉 초기부터 강력한 병합 요법을 비롯하여 질병의 활성도를 조절함으로써 환자의 임상 증상을 조절하고, 나아가서는 관절의 변형을 억제하여 삶의 질을 개선할 수 있게 되었다. 본고에서는 최근 치료의 발전을 정리하고 향후 우리의 나아갈 방향에 대하여 토의하고자 한다. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and destructive inflammatory disease resulting in disability During the past 10 years. developments in medical science have improved RA treatment significantly, but have not proven curative. The most important developments over the past 10 years are the followings: 1) an emergence of new therapeutic agent against a specific single molecule or target, including biologic and chemical agents, 2) development and clinical usage of various outcome measures to detect disease activity more accurately and 3) introduction of new strategies in the treatment such as early and aggressive combination trials, depending on the disease activity Over the course of these activities, we have been able to control clinical symptoms and signs more effectively, and slow the destruction of the joint, and finally improve the quality of life in RA patients. Here, we discuss the recent development of RA treatment and a perspective on future development.

강직성 척추염에 동반된 IgA 신증 1 예

유대현(Dae Hyun Yoo),변정원(Jeong Won Byeon),이오영(Oh Young Lee),김태화(Tae Hwa Kim),김성윤(Seong Yoon Kim),강종명(Chong Myung Kang),김목현(Mok Hyun Kim),박문향(Moon Hyang Park) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.37 No.4

N/A The renal lesions in ankylosing spondylitis are known as renal injury due to nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs, renal amyloidosis and golomrelonephritis, but the accurate incidence of renal lesions in ankylosing spondylitis has not been determined. After the first report of IgA nephropathy associated with ankylosing spondylitis by Sisson et al., several investigators have reported a few cases of IgA nephropathy associated with ankylosing spondylitis and related spondyloarthritides. Elevated serum IgA and IgA circulating immune complexes are noted in ankylosing spondylitis and play a major role in the pathcogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. lgA nephropathy is characterized by predominant deposition of IgA at the mesangium and renal injury is caused by circulating immune complexes in IgA nephropathy. Because of the similarity of the suggested pathogenesis between ankylosing spondylitis and IgA nephropathy, a few investigators have proposed that ankylosing spondylitis and IgA nephropathy are related. We experienced a case of IgA nephropathy associated with ankylosing spondylitis in a 34-year-old male patient and report this with a review of the literature.