靑年期의 精神力動學的發達과 그 精神病理

嚴龍燮 조선대학교 학생지도연구소 1979 生活指導硏究 Vol.- No.-

Typhoid Vaccine을 투여한 토끼의 여러 조직에서 마련한 수용성 추출액의 백혈구 증가성 효과

엄용섭 부산의대 1969 부산의대잡지 - 부산대학교 의과대학 Vol.9 No.1

Syntheses of Novel Liquid Crystalline Compounds with Partially Fluorinated Side Chains

엄용섭,김용배,김성훈,Eom, Yong Seop,Kim, Yong Bae,Kim, Seong Hun Korean Chemical Society 2000 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.21 No.4

A new series of three ring type liquid crystalline compounds containing partially fluorinated alkenyl or alkyl side chains together with fluorine substituted cyclohexylbiphenyls were designed and synthesized in this study. The structures of synthe sized compounds were established by 1 H, 13 C and 19 F NMR spectroscopy. The phase transition temperatures of fluorinated liquid crystalline compounds were determined by cross-polarizing mi-croscopy equipped withhot stage. All compounds were found to have nematic liquid crystalline phase with rel-atively low phase transition temperature and wide liquid crystalline temperature range. The dependence of phase transition temperatures on the chainlength falls into three categories; (a) decreasing transition tempera-tures for 4-fluoro-4'-[4-fluoro-4-(1-fluoroalkyl)cyclohexyl]biphenyl (15) series, (b) higher transition tempera-tures for odd numbered chains for 4-fluoro-4'-[4-fluoro-4-(1-fluoroalk-1-enyl)cyclohexyl]biphenyl (14) series, (c) higher transition temperatures for even numbered chains for 4-[4-(1,2-difluoroalk-1-enyl)-4-fluorocyclo-hexyl]-4'-fluorobiphenyl (16) series.

憂鬱病의 社會 精神 醫學的 硏究 : 特히 憂鬱病 發病前 狀況을 中心으로

嚴龍燮 順天鄕大學校 1977 의대논문집 Vol.2 No.-

(1) In this clinical study, It was intended reveal the socio-environmental events occuring prior tu the onset of depressive illness in 22 patients with "endogenous" and 20 patients with "nonendogenous" types of depression who admitted to the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Chosun University Hospital from April 1973 to August 1976. Among 42 depressed patients admitted during the study periods, 18 cases were male and 24 cases were female. (2) Twenty stressful socio-environmental events were empirically selectcd for study becausc of the frequency of their occurence in the recorded material, of these 20, The 14 events that occured most frequent were then subjected to a more intensive analysis. The most frequent socio-environmentel events were defined as follows: 1 Econoniic affairs 2. Failure of children to ineet parent's goal 3. Made to face denied reality 4. Threat to sexual identity 5. Conflict among the extended family mernbers 6. Failure in job performance and increased responsibility 7. Damage to social status 8. Change in marital relationship 9. Death of important person 10. Move 11. Unemployment and Transfer of job 12. Physical illness 13. latrogenic discases 14. Delivery (3) The author found that each patient had multiple stressful events prior to the first symptoms and prior to the breakdown in functioning with a clustering of events occuring in the several months before their breakdown. (4) The male depressive patients had most frequent stressful precipitating factors stemming from social affairs, and the female depressive patients from family affairs. The social factors were mainly caused by economic affairs, by failure of children to meet parent's goal, by failure in job performance, also by increased responsibility, and by making to face denied reality but it is interesting to note that death of important person, move, unemployment, household aftairs, and change of residence were relatively infrequency associated with the onset of a depressive illness. As for the family affairs the stressful precipitating factors were mainly attributed to the threat to sexualidetinty, and conflict among the extended family members. Few were attributed to disease, death, or the parting of the family. (5) After having examined the situations prior to the onset of depressive patients who had a past hidtory of depressive symptoms, most of them had similiar stressful precipitating factors in cases of identical situations. (6) The author noted a constant interaction between external events and internalpsychological reactions to these events in relation to both the stressful preciplating factors and the symptoms examined, and also it was supposed that the internalpsychological reactions were probably determined by the past core conflict and by underlying psychopathology. (7) As for the birth ranking of the depressive patients, many of the male were children of eldest sons, some of them were only sons, and many of the women were the youngest child. (8) The depressive illness was apt to be affected by social class, but especially there were a lot of depressive patients of the lower classes who complained of their guilty feelings.

일반화된 가우시안 분포를 이용한 신호 준공간 기반의 음성검출기법

엄용섭,장준혁,김동국,Um, Yong-Sub,Chang, Joon-Hyuk,Kim, Dong Kook 한국음향학회 2013 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

본 논문에서는 신호준공간(signal subspace) 영역에서 통계적 모델을 이용한 향상된 음성검출기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 EP(Embedded Prewhitening) 기법에 의해 비상관적인 (uncorrelated) 신호준공간을 생성하고, 이 영역에서 잡음음성과 잡음에 대한 통계적 특성을 파악하였다. 이러한 통계적 특성에 근거하여 GGD (Generalized Gaussian Distribution)을 사용하여 보다 효율적인 음성검출 알고리즘을 제안한다. 실험을 통해 제안된 기법이 0-15dB SNR의 시뮬레이션 환경에서 기존 Gaussian을 사용한 신호준공간 기법보다 향상된 음성검출 결과를 보여준다. In this paper we propose an improved voice activity detection (VAD) algorithm using statistical models in the signal subspace domain. A uncorrelated signal subspace is generated using embedded prewhitening technique and the statistical characteristics of the noisy speech and noise are investigated in this domain. According to the characteristics of the signals in the signal subspace, a new statistical VAD method using GGD (Generalized Gaussian Distribution) is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed GGD-based approach outperforms the Gaussian-based signal subspace method at 0-15 dB SNR simulation conditions.

퇴행기우유증의 발병전 가족관계

엄용섭 釜山醫師會 1984 釜山醫師會誌 Vol.20 No.5

단기반응성 정신병 환자와 정신분열증 환자의 임상적 비교연구

김철주,장무성,엄용섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.1

To compare the clinical characteristics of brief reactive psychosis with those of schizophrenia, the authors selected 50 patients of brief reactive psychosis meeting with DSM-Ⅲ criteria and 50 patients of schizophrenia meeting with both DSM-Ⅲ and RDC criteria. All patients were admitted to the psychiatric ward of Pusan Paik Hospital from Apr. 1, 1984 to Mar- 31, 1987 The results obtained from this retrospective study were as fellows: 1) Brief reactive psychosis was apparently more common in women(74%) and usually appeared In early adulthood, but had more wider age distribution than schizophrenia. 2) Although their educational levels were lower than that of schizophrenics, the patients of brief reactive psychosis showed better marital and premorbid adjustment than the schizophrenics. 3) In brief reactive psychosis, the premorbid personality was more variable than in schizophrenics and the most vulnerable personality was hystrionic(22%) and dependent(18%). 4) The major psychosocial factors predisposed to the development of brief reactive psychosis were marital or financial crisis(26% ), death or separation(72% ), academic or occupational problems(16%) and health problems(12% ) in order of frequency. 5) On admission, insomnia(92%), emotional turmoil(82%) and hallucination(66%) were more frequent in the patients of brief reactive psychosis than in the patients of schizophrenia. Although the Schneider's first rank symptoms were less frequent in the former, it was surprising that they were present in 32% of them. 6) Almost all of the patients with visual hallucination were reactive psychotic patients and 64% of the hallucinatory Images of them were the deads or ghosts. 7) During the course of admission, the majority(60% ) of the patients of brief reactive psychosis were treated with daily dosage under 200mg of chlorpromazine equivalent.

Carbamazepine과 Phenobarbital이 항정상태의 혈청 Haloperidol 농도에 미치는 영향

정경화,김영훈,엄용섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.2

To investigate the effect of adding carbamazepine or phenobarbital on the steady-state haloperidol levels, we selected 15 chronic psychotic patients who had been in the same psychiatric ward for a minimum of 3 months. All were maintained daily 20㎎ of haloperidol for at least 2 weeks before adding carbamazepine or phenobarbital. Either of these two agents was added to the ongoing haloperidol medication and rapidly increased to therapeutic dosage within 3 days. After plateau dosage was achieved, it was maintained for the next 4 days. The serum haloperidol levels of 7 patients on carbamazepine plus haloperidol and 8 patients on phenobarbital plus haloperidol were determinded with high-performance liquid chromatography before and after the 7 days of concomitant medication. Additionally the clinical changes noted during this period were rated on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scales. The percent decrease in the steady-state haloperidol levels due to adding carbamazepine for 7 days was between 18% and 64%, and was between 5% and 52%, due to adding phenobarbital. Based upon this study's preliminary findings, the effects of these two agents on serum haloperidol levels were noted to occur within one week. Clinical worsenings found in some patients on carbamazepine plus haloperidol, but it was difficult to document whether carbamazepine-induced reductions of serum haloperidol were the significant factors in the clinical change.

憂鬱病의 發病前 社會環境的 要因에 대한 考察

오세원,엄용섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 1980 신경정신의학 Vol.19 No.3

This clinical study was made to investigate the socio-environmental stressors occurring prior to the onset of severe depression in 85 patients who were hospitalized in the Neuro-Psychiatric Department of Chosun University Hospital from September, 1976 until December, 1979. The result were as follows: 1. According to the diagnostic distribution, 54 were cases of "nonendogenous" depression and 31 were cases of "endogenous" depression. Among them, 71% of the endogenous depressives and 28% of the nonendogenous depressive had a past history of deprission. 2. Frequency of the socio-environmental stressors prior to the onset of depressive illness were (1) financial problems(55.3%) (2) conflict among family members(42.4%) (3) failure of patient's children to meet parental expectations(27.1%) (4) failure in job performance or increased responsibities(27.1%) (5) made to face denied reality(25.9%) (6) threat to sexual identity(23.5%) (7) physical illness(22.4%) (8) change in marital relationship(22.4%) (9) damage to social status(12.9%) (10) death of important person(12.9%). 3. Of the patient, 27 cases were male and 58 were fomale. Most of the cases were distributed in the late adulthood range. The more frequent stressors in male patients were financial problems aned failure in job performance or increased responsibilities. In female patients, financial problems, conflict among family members and failure of patient's children to meet parental expectations were the most frequent stressors. 4. The frequency and type of socio-environmental stressors were similar in both the endogenous and nonendogenous groups. Frequency of stressors in the endogenous group was in the order of financial problems(58.0%), failurein job performance or increased reaponsibilities(38.7%), made to face denied reality(35.5%), conflict among family members(25.8%), failure of patient's children to meet parental expectations(25.8%), physical illness(25.8%), threat to sexual identity(25.8%). The frenquency of stressors in the nonendogenous group was in the order of financial proplems(53.7%), conflict among family members(51.8%), failure of patient's children to meet parental expectations(29.4%), threat to sexual identity(22.2%), change in marital relationship(22.2%). 5. Internal psychological reactions to socio-enviromrntal exteranl events seemed to be determined by individual psychopathology and internally-underlying psychological conflict.

간질성 정신병의 임상적 연구

박태수,엄용섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.1

A clinical study of psychoses in epilepsy was performed on 352 patients with epilepsy, who visited at Neuropsychiatry Department, Pusan Paik Hospital, In-Je medical college, from January 1982 to December 1984 for 3 years. Among the patients, 23 cases(6.5%) manifested psychotic states. The psychotic states could be classified into the following 5 types; Schizophrenia like state, DElusional-hallucinatory state, Paranoid state, Manic depressive state, Transient psychotic state. Two cases showed schizophrenia like state which was difficult to differentiate from schizophrenia. There were 12 cases(52.5%) of delusional-hallucinatory state, 4 cases(17.4%) of paranoid state, 3cases(13%) of manic depressive state, and 2 cases(8.7%) of transient psychotic state. Some clinical factors appeared to correlate closely with the psyshotic state. Of the cases with delusional-hallucinatory state, 58% had complex partial seizure and showed temporal spike foci on electroencephalography. However, in the other types of psychoses, there were no significant findings in clinico-electroencephalographic aspect. In 14 cases of the subjects, obvious adhesive perdsonality trait was found, particularly in paranoid state and delusional-hallucinatory state, all of the cases showed the trait and their ability of adaptation to environment was disturbed apparently by the trait. In 13 cases, on the other hand, some psychological precipitating factors were found at onset of the psychotic states. The authors concluded that there were different types of the psychotic state in so-called epileptic psychosis, and there appeared to be different clinical factors, probably relating to occurrence of the psychotic state. Importance of adhesive personality trait and psychological factors at onset was stressed in the psychosis.