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안종화(Jong Hwa Ahn),남광현(Kwang Hyun Nam),민경석(Kyung Sok Min) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.3
This study was undertaken to investigate the nutrient removal efficiencies and the operating parameters for the treatment of low strength municipal wastewater containing nightsoil by using laboratory scale Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic process. The average removal efficiencies of COD, BOD and SS were 88%, 92%, and 91% respectively. It could be suggested by this study that about 4hr HRT of oxic reactor is required for the complete nitrification and at least 3hr HRT of anoxic reactor is required for 50∼60% nitrogen removal efficiencies. It was also found that 1hr HRT of anaerobic reactor is enough to release orthophosphorus from the cell into solution.
합성폐수 내 인을 제거하기 위한 TiCl<sub>4</sub> 농도 및 초기 pH 최적조건 도출
신소연,김종호,안종화,Shin, So-Yeun,Kim, Jong-Ho,Ahn, Johng-Hwa 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.6
This study experimentally determined the effect of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl<sub>4</sub>) concentration ([TiCl<sub>4</sub>]) (0.25-0.55 mM) and initial pH (3-11) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater (2 mg P/L). The P removal efficiency increased when [TiCl<sub>4</sub>] increased. The P removal efficiency showed a parabolic trend with an inflection point at pH 7. At the molar ratio of TiCl<sub>4</sub> and P>6.2, the P removal efficiency was over 90% and the residual P concentration was less than 0.2 mg/L. Within the design boundaries, the complete P removal could be achieved at 7.0≤initial pH≤8.5 and 0.43≤[TiCl<sub>4</sub>]≤0.55 mM. The final pH was over 5.8 at initial pH≥7.7 and [TiCl<sub>4</sub>]≥0.35 mM. The results showed that TiCl4 was effective in P removal in water so that it could be an alternative chemical for P removal.
민지현 ( Ji Hyun Min ),안종화 ( Jong Hwa Ahn ),이정미 ( Jeong Mi Lee ),박정랑 ( Jeong Rang Park ),고진신 ( Jin Sin Koh ),황진용 ( Jin Yong Hwang ),곽충환 ( Choong Hwan Kwak ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회지 Vol.84 No.2
MELAS 증후군은 비교적 드문 질환으로 비후성 심근증, WPW 증후군, 심장전도장애 등의 심장 관련 증상이 발생할 수 있다. 동기능 이상과 동반된 MELAS 증후군은 거의 알려 진바 없어, 실신을 동반한 동정지로 영구형 심박동기 시술을 시행한 MELAS 증후군 환자 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. A 35-year-old male patient with heart and renal failure and pneumonia was transferred to our department due to recurrent cardiac standstill with syncope. He had been diagnosed as and treated for MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) syndrome for the past 3 years. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed the Wolff-Parkinson-White pattern, and an echocardiogram showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. He developed syncopal attacks intermittently, and ECG monitoring showed intermittent bradycardia. His Holter monitoring showed several episodes of 5-16 seconds of sinus arrest. We conducted an electrophysiological study to evaluate the arrhythmia. During atrial and ventricular extra-stimuli, cardiac standstill developed several times, and the duration of pauses varied from 2.5 to 5.5 seconds. Abrupt asystolic events also developed accompanying syncopal attacks that were not related to the extra-stimuli. We decided to implant a permanent pacemaker. The patient`s syncopal episodes disappeared after implantation of a DDD type pacemaker. (Korean J Med 2013;84:265-268)
합성폐수 내 인을 제거하기 위한 TiCl4 농도 및 초기 pH 최적조건 도출
신소연 ( So Yeun Shin ),김종호 ( Jong Ho Kim ),안종화 ( Johng Hwa Ahn ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.6
This study experimentally determined the effect of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) concentration ([TiCl4]) (0.25-0.55 mM) and initial pH (3-11) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater (2 mg P/L). The P removal efficiency increased when [TiCl4] increased. The P removal efficiency showed a parabolic trend with an inflection point at pH 7. At the molar ratio of TiCl4 and P>6.2, the P removal efficiency was over 90% and the residual P concentration was less than 0.2 mg/L. Within the design boundaries, the complete P removal could be achieved at 7.0≤initial pH≤8.5 and 0.43≤[TiCl4]≤0.55 mM. The final pH was over 5.8 at initial pH≥7.7 and [TiCl4]≥0.35 mM. The results showed that TiCl4 was effective in P removal in water so that it could be an alternative chemical for P removal.
신소연(So-Yeon Shin),김종호(Jong-Ho Kim),안종화(Johng-Hwa Ahn) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.8
본 연구에서는 하수 내 인 제거 시 티타늄계열 응집제의 인 제거특성을 알아보기 위해 알루미늄계열 응집제와 비교하였다. Jar-tester를 이용하여 다양한 OH/Ti 몰비(B값)의 응집제를 투여하여 실험을 진행하였다. 초기 인 농도가 증가할수록 처리 후 PO4-P 농도가 0.2 mg P/L 이하에 도달하기 위한 [Ti]/[P]는 감소하였다. T-P 제거효율은 응집제 주입량이 증가할수록 높아졌지만, 최고 제거효율에 도달한 후에는 B값에 관계없이 감소하였다. 반면에 PO4-P 제거율은 최고점에 도달한 후 B값에 상관없이 일정하게 유지하는 경향이 나타났다. 동일한 인 제거효율에서 Ti계열 응집제의 주입량은 Al계열 응집제보다 약 2배정도 높았다. 또한, Ti계열 응집제의 B값에 따라 인제거효율에 영향을 미쳤다. This study evaluated the efficacy of Ti-based coagulants on phosphorus (P) removal from municipal wastewater and compared them with Al-based coagulants. Jar test experiments were performed at various chemical doses and OH/Ti molar ratio (B value). The higher the intial phosphate (PO4-P) concentration, the lower the [Ti]/[P] to reach a residual concentration below 0.2 mg P/L. Removal efficiencies of total phosphorus increased with an increased coagulant dose but decreased after the efficiencies reached their maximum value regardless of coagulant or B value. On the other hand, PO4-P removal showed an increasing trend with an increased coagulant dose, reaching the plateau value under large coagulant dose conditions for both Ti- and Al-based coagulants regardless of B value. The chemical dose of Ti-based coagulants was approximately twice higher than that of Al-based coagulants with the same P-removal efficiency. The coagulation efficiency was influenced by different B values.
심낭 삼출액 환자에서 Adenosine Deaminase를 근거로 한 항결핵 치료 결정의 적합성
김나영 ( Na Young Kim ),민지현 ( Ji Hyun Min ),안종화 ( Jong Hwa Ahn ),조상영 ( Sang Young Cho ),이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ),황석재 ( Seok Jae Hwang ),박용휘 ( Yong Whi Park ),곽충환 ( Choong Hwan Kwak ),황진용 ( Jin Yong Hwang ),박정랑 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회지 Vol.82 No.4
Background/Aims: The prognostic impact of empirical anti-tuberculous management according to adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels in patients exhibiting pericardial effusion (PE) has not been established. We evaluated the appropriateness of ADA-guided anti-tuberculous medication for patients with PE. Methods: From 2001 to 2010, 47 patients with PE and who were diagnosed with either tuberculous pericarditis (TbP) or idiopathic pericarditis (IP) were enrolled. The diagnosis of definite TbP was made by the presence of Tb bacilli or caseous granuloma in pericardial tissue or effusion. The diagnosis of probable TbP was made by the presence of one or more of the following: (1) elevated ADA (≥ 40 IU/L) in pericardial fluid, (2) positive Tb interferon test, or (3) extracardiac presence of Tb. All clinical information was collected by medical record review and telephone contact. Results: Among the 47 patients with PE, 12 were diagnosed with definite TbP; 17, with probable TbP; and 18, with IP. The mean ADA level was significantly higher in patients with definite TbP than in patients with IP (74.97 ± 36.79 vs. 20.14 ± 7.39 IU/L; p < 0.001). The optimal ADA cutoff value for diagnosis of definite TbP was 64 IU/L. The median follow-up time was 12.1 months (range, 0.17-100 months). In patients with low levels of ADA (< 40 IU/L), the incidence of death or recurrence did not different between patients who were prescribed anti-tuberculous medication and those who were not. Conclusions: The ADA level in pericardial fluid was useful for making a rapid diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. Even in tuberculosis-endemic areas, patients with ADA < 40 IU/L may have a good prognosis without empirical anti-tuberculous treatment. (Korean J Med 2012;82:441-448)
관상동맥 중재술을 받은 환자에서 실로스타졸 사용 후 동맥경직도의 변화
조상영 ( Sang Young Cho ),김계환 ( Kye Hwan Kim ),안종화 ( Jong Hwa Ahn ),강영란 ( Young Ran Kang ),고진신 ( Jin Sin Koh ),황석재 ( Seok Jae Hwang ),박용휘 ( Yongwhi Park ),정영훈 ( Young Hoon Jeong ),곽충환 ( Choong Hwan Kwak 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회지 Vol.89 No.3
Background/Aims: Increased arterial stiffness is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor, is a unique antiplatelet agent with vasodilatory and vasoprotective effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that cilostazol may affect arterial stiffness. Methods: We enrolled 161 patients (112 males; mean age, 63 years) who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ischemic heart disease. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), radial augmentation index (rAI), rAI adjusted for a heart rate of 75 beats/min (rAI75), central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), and central pulse pressure (cPP), were measured at baseline and at the 30-day follow-up. Parameter changes were compared between the cilostazol group (n = 51) and the control group (n = 110). Results: In the cilostazol group, the values for rAI, cSBP, and cPP all improved after 30 days, while the control group displayed no significant interval changes in these parameters. The changes in rAI75 and baPWV did not differ significantly between the two groups. The changes in rAI, cSBP, and cPP were related to brachial systolic blood pressure, brachial diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the use of cilostazol and beta-blockers. In a multivariate analysis, the use of cilostazol was identified an independent factor associated with changes in rAI, cSBP, and cPP. Conclusions: The addition of cilostazol to conventional antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing PCI may be associated with improvements in rAI, cSBP, and cPP, but not in rAI75 or baPWV. Therefore, the effects of cilostazol might be related to an increased heart rate. (Korean J Med 2015;89:295-304)
TiCl₄ 농도와 교반강도가 수중 인 제거에 미치는 영향
서완우(Wan Woo Seo),이봉희(Bong Hee Lee),박화수(Hwa Soo Park),김종호(Jong Ho Kim),안종화(Johng Hwa Ahn) 大韓環境工學會 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.3
본 연구는 TiCl₄의 농도(0.25-0.59 mM)와 급속교반속도(100-250 rpm), 완속교반속도(30-60 rpm)의 변화가 인 제거효율에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 응집제 농도가 0.25≤[TiCl₄]≤0.39 mM 범위에서 인 제거 효율은 TiCl₄의 농도가 증가할수록 증가하였으며 처리후 인의 농도는 0.2 mg/L 이하였다. 응집제 농도 0.39 mM, 급속교반속도 100 rpm, 완속교반속도 30 rpm에서 인 제거효율이 약 99%로 가장 높았다. TiCl₄의 농도가 낮을 경우(0.25-0.27 mM) 인제거효율의 편차는 급속교반속도 변화(2-3%)보다 완속교반속도 변화(7-10%)에서 더 민감하였다. This study evaluates the efficacy of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater. Jar test experiments were performed at various TiCl₄ concentration (0.25-0.59 mM), and intensities of slow (30-60 rpm) and rapid (100-250 rpm) mixings to determine the conditions at which P removal was most efficient. The P-removal efficiency was highest (about 99%) at TiCl₄ concentration ([TiCl₄])=0.39 mM with rapid-mixing intensity=100 rpm and slow-mixing intensity=30 rpm. The slow-mixing intensity was more sensitive than the rapid-mixing intensity to the P removal efficiency when [TiCl₄] was low (0.25≤[TiCl₄]≤0.27 mM).