하천-호수 복합시스템에서 청수현상 발생 특성

심연보,변명섭,김재현,유순주,임종권,황순진 한국하천호수학회 2021 생태와 환경 Vol.54 No.4

The clear-water phase (CWP) is a notable limnological phenomenon in freshwater systems caused by predatory interactions between large filter-feeding zooplankton and phytoplankton. However, the mechanisms and factors that influence the extent of CWP, particularly in complex water systems with both fluvial and lacustrine characteristics, remain poorly understood. The present study evaluated CWP occurrence patterns at different sites in a large reservoir located in a temperate monsoon region (Lake Paldang, Korea); the relationships among factors associated with CWP occurrence, such as transparency, zooplankton diversity, and chlorophyll a concentration were investigated. Transparency exhibited significant correlations with precipitation and retention time, as well as the relative abundance of zooplankton (p<0.01), suggesting that a change in the retention time due to precipitation can alter CWP. Data collected before and after CWP occurrence were analyzed using paired t-test to determine variations in CWP occurrence based on the water system characteristics. The results demonstrated that various factors were associated with CWP occurrence in the fluvial-type and lacustrine-type sites. The correlation between zooplankton biomass and transparency was stronger in the lacustrine-type sites than in the fluvial-type sites. The lacustrine-type sites, where cladoceran emergence is common and is associated with long retention times, favored CWP occurrence. The results suggest that lacustrine-type sites, which are conducive to zooplankton development and have relatively long retention times, enhance CWP occurrence. Furthermore, CWP occurrence was notable in spring, and the present study revealed that site-specific CWP could occur throughout the year, regardless of the season.

팔당호 동물플랑크톤 군집의 시공간적 분포

심연보,정현기,임종권,윤석제,변명섭,유순주 한국하천호수학회 2018 생태와 환경 Vol.51 No.4

The zooplankton community and environmental factor were investigated on a weekly basis from March to November 2015 in Lake Paldang, Korea. The seasonal succession of zooplankton community structure was influenced by hydraulic and hydrological factors such as inflow, outflow and rainfall. However, the hydraulic retention time in 2015 (16.3 day) was affected by the periods of water shortage that had continued since 2014 and increased substantially compared to 2013 (7.3 day). Therefore, the inflow and outflow discharge were decreased, and the water quality (COD, BOD, TOC, TP, Chl-a) of Lake Paldang (St.1) was the same characteristics as the river type Bukhan river (St.3), compared with the lake type Namhan river (St.2) and Gyeongan stream (St.4). Zooplankton community dominated by rotifers (Keratella cochlearis, Synchaeta oblonga) in spring (March to May). However, Copepod (Nauplius) and Cladoceran (Bosmina longirostris) dominated in St.4. In summer (June to August), there was a few strong rainfall event and the highest number of individuals dominated by Keratella cochlearis (Rotifera) and Difflugia corona (Protozoa) were shown during the study period. In autumn (October to November), the water temperature was decreased with decrease in the total number of individuals showing Nauplius (Copepoda) as the dominant species. As a result of the statistical analysis about zooplankton variation in environmental factors, the continuous periods of water shortage increased the hydraulic retention time and showed different characteristic for each site. St.1, St.3 and St.2, St.4 are shown in the same group (p<0.05), showing the each characteristics of river type and lake type. Therefore, the water quality of catchment area and distribution of zooplankton community would be attributed to hydraulic and hydrological factors.

현대미술의 새로운 장르로서의 도자판화 연구

심연보 ( Shim Yeon Bo ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

본 연구자는 도예와 판화가 융합된 도자판화 기법을 고안하여 다년간 작품 활동을 이어왔다. 이 연구는 스스로 ‘도자판화’로 명명한 회화적 도판복제 작업에 대한 학술적 정의가 필요하다는 판단에서 출발한다. 이 연구는 독창적 기법으로 창안된 도자판화가 현대판화의 다양성에 일조하며 현대미술의 새로운 장르로 인정받을 수 있는 근거를 제시하는 것을 연구목적으로 한다. 연구방법은 현대판화의 특성과 비교 분석하여 도자판화의 개념을 정의하고, 제작기법을 분석하여 도자판화의 판화적 특성을 확인하는 것이다. 본 연구는 도자재료와 제작기법 속에 내재되어 있는 판화적 성질을 논의한다. 또한, 시연을 통해 기술적인 특성들을 논함으로써 도자판화 제작기법이 구체적으로 제시된다. 도자의 기본재료인 점토가 갖는 유연성과 점성은 접촉한 면의 형상을 복제하는 성질을 지니고 있다. 도자판화에는 석고틀을 활용한 프레스 캐스팅과 슬립캐스팅 기법이 응용되었는데, 특히 채색 슬립캐스팅은 색면과 요철의 복제가 동시에 이루어지게 하는 것으로 본 연구자가 고안한 기법이다. 도자판화는 찍어내는 방식에서 페이퍼 캐스팅과 유사하다. 또한, 판의 재질로 보면 석고판화로 분류된다. 그러나 점토를 성형하여 가마에서 소성하는 과정을 거친다는 점에서 도자판화로 정의된다. 성형과 소성과정에서의 여러 통제되지 않는 변수들로 인해, 도자판화는 기존의 판화와 비교할 때 다소 낮은 복제율을 갖는다. 하지만 이러한 낮은 복제율은 오히려 각 각의 에디션에 예술적 고유성을 부여한다. 뿐만 아니라, 각 작품이 갖는 고유의 색상은 가마소성과정을 통해 영속성을 갖는다. 이 연구를 통해 도자판화와 현대판화의 기능적 유사점을 확인하였고, 재료와 기술의 차이에 따른 도자판화의 고유성을 발견하였다. 이 연구가 다양성을 추구하는 현대판화에 도자판화의 등장을 알리고, 새로운 장르로 인정받을 수 있는 가능성을 제공하였다. This researcher has been working in the field of ceramic printmaking for many years by combining ceramic printmaking techniques that combine pottery and engraving. This paper is mainly motivated by the necessity to provide an academic definition of the ceramic printmaking and to show its contribution to the diversity of contemporary printmaking as a new genre of contemporary art. The topology-based comparative approach and experimental methods are employed in this research. The concept of ceramic printmaking is discussed based on the properties embeded in ceramic materials and the producing techniques. In addition, the reproduction mechanisms are illustrated by the detailed instructions. Clay, the basic material of ceramics, has the flexibility and viscosity which helps replicating the surface of the contacting objectives. By using the press casting and the slip-casting technology with a plaster frame, I devise the coloring slip-casting technique which reproduces the color and the surface at the same time. The ceramic printmaking can be defined by three aspects: the type of material, the structure of plate, and the producing technique. It is similar to the paper casting in terms of the printing method. In addition, it can be classified as a plaster print in terms of the printmaking materials. However, it is a ceramic art since the work is completed by the kiln firing process. Due to the uncontrollable conditions during the firing and molding process, the reproduction rate of the ceramic printmaking is lower than conventional prints. However, this variation between the reproduced works grants an artistic uniqueness to each edition. Moreover, the original color of each work becomes permanent through the firing process. The finding of this paper suggests that the ceramic printmaking possesses functional similarities with a contemporary print arts, while it needs to be classified as a new genre of contemporary art for its uniqueness.

House-Black

심연보 ( Shim Yeon Bo ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2019 No.2

Ideal Landscape 201805

심연보 ( Shim Yeon Bo ) 한국기초조형학회 2018 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2018 No.1

북한강 의암호의 수 질 변동성에 대 한 강우 · 수문학적 비교분석

황순진,심연보,최봉근,김건희,박채홍,서완범,박명환,이수웅,신재기 한국수생태학회(구 한국하천호수학회) 2017 생태와 환경 Vol.50 No.1

This study explored spatiotemporal variability of water quality in correspondence with hydrometeorological factors in the four stations of Euiam Reservoir located in the upstream region of the North-Han River from May 2012 to December 2015. Seasonal effect was apparent in the variation of water temperature, DO, electric conductivity and TSS during the study period. Stratification in the water column was observed in the near dam site every year and vanished between August and October. Increase of nitrogen nutrients was observed when inflowing discharge was low, while phosphorus increase was distinct both during the early season with increase of inflowing discharge and the period of severe draught persistent. Duration persisting high concentration of Chl-a (>25 mg m-3: the eutrophic status criterion, OECD, 1982) was 1~2 months of the whole year in 2014~2015, while it was almost 4 months in 2013. Water quality of Euiam Reservoir appeared to be affected basically by geomorphology and source of pollutants, such as longitudinally linked instream islands and Aggregate Island, inflowing urban stream, and wastewater treatment plant discharge. While inflowing discharge from the dams upstream and outflow pattern causing water level change seem to largely govern the variability of water quality in this particular system. In the process of spatiotemporal water quality change, factors related to climate (e.g. flood, typhoon, abruptly high rainfall, scorching heat of summer), hydrology (amount of flow and water level) might be attributed to water pulse, dilution, backflow, uptake, and sedimentation. This study showed that change of water quality in Euiam Reservoir was very dynamic and suggested that its effect could be delivered to downstream (Cheongpyeong and Paldang Reservoirs) through year-round discharge for hydropower generation.

북한강 의암호의 수질 변동성에 대한 강우·수문학적 비교분석

황순진,심연보,최봉근,김건희,박채홍,서완범,박명환,이수웅,신재기,Hwang, Soon-Jin,Sim, Yeon Bo,Choi, Bong-Geun,Kim, Keonhee,Park, Chaehong,Seo, Wanbum,Park, Myung-Hwan,Lee, Su-Woong,Shin, Jae-Ki 한국하천호수학회 2017 생태와 환경 Vol.50 No.1

본 연구는 2012년 5월부터 2015년 12월까지 북한강 상류에 위치하는 의암호의 4개 지점에서 시공간적 수질 변동성을 강우 수문인자와 비교 고찰하였다. 조사기간 동안 수온, DO, Conductivity 및 TSS 등 기초 수질요인의 변동은 계절적 영향이 컸다. 특히, 수온성층은 수심이 깊은 댐 부근에서 매년 관찰되었고, 소멸 시기는 8월~10월 사이에 있었다. 질소 계열 영양염의 증가는 유량이 빈약할 때이었고, 인의 증가는 초기 유량 증가와 극심한 가뭄이 지속될 때이었다. Chl-a에 의한 부영양 수준을 초과하는 기간은 2012년, 2014년~2015년에 1~2개월이었으나 2013년에는 4개월 동안 지속되었다. 의암호의 수질 변동성은 댐 중앙부에 상하류로 이어진 하중도와 골재섬의 존재, 도시하천과 하수처리장 방류수 유입이라는 지형적 구조와 오염원의 기반 영향에 대하여, 상류 댐으로부터의 유입량과 의암댐의 방류량 및 방류형태(패턴)에 의한 수위 증감에서 직간접적 관련성과 영향을 찾을 수 있었다. 수질의 시공간적 변이 과정에서 기상(장마, 태풍, 이상강우 및 폭염 더위) 수문(유량과 수위)학적 작용에 기여하는 주요 인자는 펄스, 희석, 역류, 흡수 및 침전 등으로 볼 수 있었다. 의암호의 수질 변동은 매우 역동적이며, 그 영향은 내부 자체뿐만 아니라 발전방류구를 통해 하류 저수지(청평호, 팔당호)에까지 전달될 수 있는 잠재성을 가지고 있다. This study explored spatiotemporal variability of water quality in correspondence with hydro-meteorological factors in the four stations of Euiam Reservoir located in the upstream region of the North-Han River from May 2012 to December 2015. Seasonal effect was apparent in the variation of water temperature, DO, electric conductivity and TSS during the study period. Stratification in the water column was observed in the near dam site every year and vanished between August and October. Increase of nitrogen nutrients was observed when inflowing discharge was low, while phosphorus increase was distinct both during the early season with increase of inflowing discharge and the period of severe draught persistent. Duration persisting high concentration of Chl-a (>$25mg\;m^{-3}$: the eutrophic status criterion, OECD, 1982) was 1~2 months of the whole year in 2014~2015, while it was almost 4 months in 2013. Water quality of Euiam Reservoir appeared to be affected basically by geomorphology and source of pollutants, such as longitudinally linked instream islands and Aggregate Island, inflowing urban stream, and wastewater treatment plant discharge. While inflowing discharge from the dams upstream and outflow pattern causing water level change seem to largely govern the variability of water quality in this particular system. In the process of spatiotemporal water quality change, factors related to climate (e.g. flood, typhoon, abruptly high rainfall, scorching heat of summer), hydrology (amount of flow and water level) might be attributed to water pulse, dilution, backflow, uptake, and sedimentation. This study showed that change of water quality in Euiam Reservoir was very dynamic and suggested that its effect could be delivered to downstream (Cheongpyeong and Paldang Reservoirs) through year-round discharge for hydropower generation.

팔당호에서 분리한 남조 Anabaena circinalis의 지오스민 생산 잠재성

박혜진,박명환,심연보,임종권,황순진 한국하천호수학회 2017 생태와 환경 Vol.50 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of geosmin production of Anabaena circinalis under different environmental condition. The test cyanobacterium was isolated from Lake Paldang. The growth rate and geosmin production of A. circinalis were examined with different variables including temperature (10, 15, 20, 25℃), light intensity (60, 120, 240 μmol photons m-2 s-1), and phosphorus concentration (0.01, 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 mg L-1). The highest growth rate and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration appeared at 25℃, 60 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and 1.00 mgP L-1 for temperature, light intensity, and P concentration, respectively. Total geosmin production was highest at the optimal growth condition of each variable, while chlorophyll-specific geosmin production (the ratio of geosmin to Chl-a) was higher at the less favorable growth condition, indicating high potential of the off-flavor problem during low temperature period, e.g., late fall and early winter. Our results demonstrated that geosmin production of A. circinalis was directly related to chlorophyll synthesis and varied with cellular growth condition.

팔당호 수리 수문 및 수질의 장기변화 분석

노혜란,조항수,심연보,김은경,유순주 한국분석과학회 2017 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.5

환경요인이 춘천호의 식물플랑크톤 천이 및 군집구조에 미치는 영향

백준수,윤석제,김헌년,심연보,유순주,임종권 한국수생태학회(구 한국하천호수학회) 2019 생태와 환경 Vol.52 No.2