좌금환이 역류성 식도염 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

신민구,김의수,김태련,임현찬,이영수,Shin, Min-koo,Kim, Eui-su,Kim, Tae-ryun,Lim, Hyun-chan,Lee, Young-su 대한한방내과학회 2016 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effects of Jwa Kum-Whan (JKW) on reflux esophagitis in rats.Methods: Forty rats were divided into five groups: a sham group (with no medication and only treated with ventrotoby); a group with reflux esophagitis (RE); a pantoprazole group (treated with 30 mg/kg pantoprazole per day for two weeks); a JKW280 group (treated with 280 mg/kg JKW per day for two weeks); and a JKW560 group (treated with 560 mg/kg JKW per day for 2 weeks). All rats fasted for 24 hrs and then were induced with RE by the oral administration of indomethacin and by a pylorus and forestomach ligation operation. After 8 hrs, the rats were sacrificed. We measured body weight, gastric juice pH, gastric volume, antioxidant activity, and cytokine and made a histologic examination of the esophagus and the stomach.Results: The weights of the rats in each group were not significantly different. The gastric juice pH significantly increased in the JKW560 group and the pantoprazole group compared with the RE group. Gastric volume significantly decreased in the JKW560 group compared with the RE group and the pantoprazole group. SOD activities significantly increased in the JKW280 and JKW560 groups compared with the RE group. Catalase activities significantly increased in the pantoprazole group and the JKW560 group compared with the RE group. TNF-α significantly decreased in the JKW280 and JKW560 groups compared with the RE group. IL-6 significantly decreased in the pantoprazole group and the JKW280 and JKW560 groups compared with the RE group. Histologic examination of the esophagus and the stomach showed significant improvements in the pantoprazole, JKW280, and JKW560 groups compared with the RE group.Conclusion: Based on these results, it is concluded that JKW can prevent reflux esophagitis.

K<SUP>2</SUP>SAT과 공군사관학교 지상국 간 통신 효율성 분석 및 검증

신민구,Brian Barbier,Meigane Burnet,김승필,이길영,조동현,이기훈,엄윤종,권기범,김명길 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

공군사관학교와 카이스트에서 2016년 발사를 목적으로 공동개발중인 큐브위성(K<SUP>2</SUP>SAT)의 3개 통신대역(VHF, UHF, S-band)에 대한 링크버짓을 분석하고 수신 검증을 수행하였다. 링크버짓의 분석 목적은 실제 위성 운용시 위성-지상국 간 안정적이고 신뢰성있는 통신이 가능한지를 사전에 확인하고 설계에 반영하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 링크버짓에 중요한 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 환경적인 요인들을 조사하고 각 대역별로 어느 정도 감쇠 영향을 미치는가를 분석하였다. 그리고 지상국 시스템의 안테나와 수신기의 잡음온도를 계산하여 링크버짓에 반영하였다. 분석 결과 S-band에서 최소 10<SUP>-5</SUP>의 BER을 기대할 수 있었으며 VHF, UHF의 경우에는 10<SUP>-5</SUP>의 BER을 기준으로 8dB 이상의 링크마진을 가져 신뢰도가 더 높은 통신을 기대할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. A link budget analysis and signal reception validation were performed on VHF, UHF, S-band for the cubesat(K<SUP>2</SUP>SAT) which Korea Air-force Academy and KAIST are co-designing to launch in 2016. The objective of the link budget analysis is to examine which communications between the satellite and the ground station are stable and reliable when the cube-sat is in real operation, and to apply the examination to the design of the communication sub-system. In this research, a variety of environmental factors that have an critical impact on the link budget were researched and then we analyzed that how much power is attenuated for each communication band by them. And we applied the noise temperatures of the antenna and the receiver of the ground station to this link budget analysis. In the result of this analysis, at least 10<SUP>-5</SUP> of BER has been expected for S-band, and more reliable communications has been supported for VHF and UHF, because more than 8dB link margin is achieved when the BER expected is 10<SUP>-5</SUP> .

오령산가미방(五?散加味方)으로 호전시킨 기능성 설사(泄瀉)환자에 대한 임상적 고찰

김의수,신민구,이영수,Kim, Eui-su,Shin, Min-koo,Lee, Young-su 대한한의학방제학회 2016 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Leejung-tang plus Oryung-san Gamibang on functional diarrhea.Method : We treated a 72-year-old male who had severe watery diarrhea and bowel sounds. The patient was treated with Korean medicine including Oryung-san Gamibang from March 31, 2016 to May 23, 2016. Defecation frequency, Bristol stool scale, Bowel sound, Patient's condition were measured.Result : After oriental medical treatment, clinical symptoms of functional diarrhea (defecation frequency, stool form, bowel sounds) were recoverd normally.Conclusions : Leejung-tang plus Oryeong-san Gamibang effects on the functional diarrhea of a patient diagnosed as Deficiency Cold (虛寒). This case study shows that Oryeong-san Gamibang is clinically effective for functional diarrhea. So that, it is helpful in decreasing the symptoms of a patient and in improving quality of life.

烏梅丸과 烏梅가 DSS로 유발된 생쥐의 염증성 장 질환에 미치는 영향

김의수,신민구,김태련,신만호,이영수,Kim, Eui-su,Shin, Min-koo,Kim, Tae-ryun,Shin, Man-ho,Lee, Young-su 대한한방내과학회 2015 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Ohmae-hwan (OMH) and Mume Fructus (MF) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Mice were divided into 4 groups: a normal group, control group, MF group, and OMH group. Three groups, excluding the normal group, were fed a 5% solution of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in water for 10 days to induce inflammatory bowel disease. From the fourth day of DSS treatment, the control group was given distilled water only, the MF group was given MF powder in distilled water, and the OMH group was given dried OMH extract powder in distilled water for 7 days. Results: For each animal, changes in body weight, colon length, and component levels in blood and colon tissues after each treatment were noted. The weight in the control group and MF group decreased slightly compared with that in the OMH group, and the colon length in the MF group and OMH group was more than that in the control group. TNF-α and WBC were decreased in both the MF group and the OMH group. RBC was increased in the OMH group, like in the normal group, compared with the control group and MF group. Hb and PLT of each group were not significantly different. Regarding changes in the colon tissues, both the MF group and OMH groups recovered similar to the normal group. Conclusions: Thus, treatment with OMH and MF seems to be effective against inflammatory bowel disease, and OMH is likely to increase body weight and induce RBC recovery better than MF.

큐브위성의 정지영상 전송을 위한 S-band통신 링크버짓 분석

이길영,신민구,조동현,이기훈,엄윤종,정명진,권기범 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.4

본 논문에서는 공군사관학교에서 2016년 발사를 목적으로 설계중인 큐브위성을 소개하고, 임무중 하나인 정지영상 전송을 위한 S-band 통신 링크버짓을 분석하였다. 일반적으로 큐브위성에서는 텔레메트리 및 데이터 전송을 위해 VHF/UHF 대역을 사용하나, 이 위성은 정지영상의 전송을 위해 S-band 주파수 대역을 사용하였다. 이에 따라, S-band 내에서 사용할 수 있는 2,400 ~ 2,450 MHz의 아마추어 주파수 대역을 선정하여, 주어진 시스템 및 조건 하에서의 링크마진을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 각각 512 kbps 및 2 Mbps로 통신할 경우 12.5 dB 및 6.5 dB의 링크마진을 얻을 수 있었으며, 이 전송속도는 3 Mbytes의 정지영상 전송 시 각각 48초 및 12초의 시간을 필요로 함을 확인할 수 있었다. We introduce the cubesat of the Korea Air Force Academy on developing for launching on 2016, and present a link budget analysis on S-band for transferring images. Typically, VHF/UHF frequency bands were used for telemetry of cubesat. Since images are big data, we need a S-band for transferring images from satellite to ground station. We selected amateur communication band(2,400 ~ 2,450 MHz), and analyzed the link margin in a given system and conditions. As a result, 12.5 dB and 6.5 dB of link margins were obtained when data rates were 512 kbps and 2 Mbps, respectively. With these data rates, 3 Mbytes of image can be transferred in 48 and 12 seconds, respectively.

한의학적 치료로 호전된 불면과 우울을 동반한 섬유근통 증후군 환자 치험 1례

김의수,신민구,김태련,오재선,마영훈,이영수,Kim, Eui-su,Shin, Min-koo,Kim, Tae-ryun,Oh, Jae-seon,Ma, Young-hun,Le, Young-su 대한한방내과학회 2015 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

Objectives The study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Hyungtonghaeul-tang along with Korean medicine treatment for fibromyalgia syndrome. Methods A patient with fibromyalgia syndrome was treated with Hyungtonghaeul-tang as well as Korean medical treatment including acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, bee venom therapy, chuna, aromatherapy, and physical therapy. The counts of tenderness points, widespread pain index (WPI), symptom severity scale score (SS scale score), digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI), Ryodoraku diagnosis, visual analogue scale (VAS), fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), and beck depression inventory (BDI) were measured. Results After treatment, the counts of tenderness point, WPI, SS scale score, VAS, FIQ, and BDI were decreased. The DITI and the Ryodoraku pattern recovered normally. Conclusions Hyungtonghaeul-tang along with Korean medicine treatment can be used in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome.

Caerulein으로 유발된 흰쥐의 급성 췌장염에 대한 은회반총산(銀茴蟠?散)의 효과

이형호,김인수,신민구,이영수,Lee, Hyung-Ho,Kim, In-Soo,Shin, Min-Gu,Lee, Young-Su 대한한방내과학회 2013 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

Objectives : In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Eunhoebanchong-san (EBS) on caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) by detecting oxidative stress markers and performing histopathological examination. Methods : Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups as follows: normal (NOR), caerulein-induced (CON), caerulein+EBS (130 mg/kg, EA), caerulein+EBS (260 mg/kg, EB) and caerulein+EBS (520 mg/kg, EC) groups. Pancreatic tissues of rats from all groups were removed for apoptosis, and light, and electron microscopic examination. Blood of rats from all groups was obtained for oxidative stress markers and pathological examination. Pancreatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by the measurements of serum amylase, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Results : The ratio of pancreas/body weight increased significantly in the CON compared with the NOR, but decreased significantly in the EA, the EB, the EC groups compared with the CON. Caerulein administration resulted in a significant increase in amylase, but EBS reduced the levels of these enzymes. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels increased significantly in CON compared with NOR, but reduced in EA, EB, and EC group at 24 hrs. In the observations of optical microscopy and electron microscopy, the experimental groups showed significant decreases in pancreatic tissue inflammation, edema, vacuolization, necrosis compared to the control group. Altogether, this indicates EBS is potentially capable of limiting pancreatic damage produced during AP by restoring the fine structure of acinar cells and tissue. Conclusions : We concluded that EBS may have beneficial effects in the treatment of caerulein-induced AP.

황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯), 황련(黃連), 황금(黃芩), 황백(黃柏), 치자(梔子)의 Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균효과

김인수,오현승,신민구,이영수,Kim, In-Soo,Oh, Hyun-Seung,Shin, Min-Koo,Lee, Young-Su 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: This experiment was done for investigating antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and Scutellariae Radix extract, Phellodendri Cortex extract, Coptis Rhizoma extract, Gardenia Jasminoides extract against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: After administering S. aureus on a bacterial culture media plate, antimicrobial activity was tested by dripping $80{\mu}l$ diluted Hwangryunheadok-tang and Scutellariae Radix extract, Phellodendri Cortex extract, Coptis Rhizoma extract, and Gardenia Jasminoides extract (100%, 50%, 10%, 1%) on plates that were cultivated for a span of time from 16 to 72 hours. Also, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was tested by dripping the minimum dilution density solution that has antimicrobial activity between $80{\mu}l$ and $20{\mu}l$ ($80{\mu}l$, $60{\mu}l$, $40{\mu}l$, $20{\mu}l$) in measure of density. Antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and four kinds of extracts against S. aureus was continually displayed. Results: 1. S. aureus (Standard Microorganism, ATCC) (1) Antimicrobial activity was displayed for Hwangryunheadok-tang, Scutellariae Radix extract, and Phellodendri Cortex extract respectively in the undiluted solution and 50% of diluted magnification. Gardenia Jasminoides extract showed its activity only in the undiluted solution; Coptis Rhizoma extract showed its activity down to 10% of diluted magnification. The antimicrobial activity of the undiluted solution was increased when the volume of inoculation increased. But, there was no difference when time was extended for cultivation. (2) MIC of Hwangryunheadok-tang, Scutellariae Radix extract was 50%, $20{\mu}l$. Coptis Rhizoma extract was 10%, $20{\mu}l$, Phellodendri Cortex extract was 50%, $80{\mu}l$ and Gardenia Jasminoides extract was 100%, $60{\mu}l$. 2. S. aureus isolated from diarrheal patients (1) When compared to standard microorganism, MIC has decreased. As a result, their antimicrobial activity has increased. (2) Antimicrobial activity of Hwangryunheadok-tang and four extracts was continually shown in extending of the time, 16, 24 and 72 hours. Conclusions: The author comes to the conclusion that Hwangryunheadok-tang, and four kinds of extracts have antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Especially, when comparing standard microorganisms with S. aureus isolated from diarrheal patients, some cases showed that antimicrobial activity of all the extracts were better than antibiotics. Thus, if a further study is performed, the use of Hwangryunheadok-tang, and four kinds of extracts will be valuable and beneficial in clinical treatments.

고지방 식이로 유발된 고지혈증 동물 모델에서 구기자가미방(枸杞子加味方)의 효과 연구

안가영,조재준,신민구,전상윤,An, Ga-Young,Joe, Jae-Joon,Shin, Min-Koo,Jeon, Sang-Yun 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Gugijagami-bang (GGB) in a hyperlipidemic animal model induced by a high-fat diet using diverse biological methods. Methods: This study was to determine whether fractionated GGB extracts inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells. Hyperlipidemia was induced by a high-fat diet fed for 6 weeks. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, liver function and histologic change of liver were measured after oral administration of GGB. Results: 1. DPPH scavenging bow performance was increased in a concentration-dependent manner by GGB. 2. Compared to the control group, NO production (%) and ROS production (%) were decreased significantly by GGB. 3. Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride were decreased significantly by GGB. 4. HDL cholesterol increased more than the control group, but not significantly. 5. In histopathologic examination, fatty liver (hepatic steatosis) was inhibited, almost no rounds of fat were observed in the liver. Conclusions: GGB would appear effective in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, other cardiovascular diseases caused by hyperlipidemia.

황련해독탕 추출액의 각막염 원인균에 대한 항균효과

김인수,서진종,김광곤,하동룡,신민구,김의수,전상윤,Kim, In-Soo,Seo, Jin-Jong,Kim, Kwang-Gon,Ha, Dong-Ryong,Shin, Min-Koo,Kim, Eui-Su,Jeon, Sang-Yun 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

Objectives: The goal of this project was to measure the antibacterial effectiveness of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) and its constituents. All of the active ingredients including the final product were prepared using high-pressure sterilization for use as medicinal eye drops. The varying forms of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) were used to treat Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis which are found in keratitis. Methods: The antibacterial effect was measured by observing the presence or absence of antimicrobial activity when treated with varying concentrations of Hwangryunhaedok-tang extract. The tests were performed using a dosage of $70{\mu}l$ dosages of 100%, 50%, 10% and 1% the extracted solution by the minimum growth inhibitory concentration measurement. Antimicrobial activity was measured by examining the correlation between dosage strength and bacterial activity from $70{\mu}l$ to $10{\mu}l$ at the same concentration. Results: 1. Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification), Phellodendri Cortex, and gardenia didn't show any antimicrobial effects against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, or E. faecalis. 2. Barberry root showed antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and S. epidermidis depending on the levels of concentration but didn't show any antimicrobial effects against E. faecalis. 3. Skullcap showed antimicrobial effects against S. aureus and S. epidermidis when a dosage of 100% extract $70{\mu}l$ was used. However, did not show any antimicrobial effects at all against E. faecalis. Conclusions: Hwangryunhaedok-tang (barberry root decoction for detoxification) and its constituents such as barberry root, phellodendri cortex, skullcap, and gardenia, can be used as an alternative to antibiotic medicinal eye drops to treat keratitis. However, further research on effective uses of and efficient extraction methods are needed.