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Functional Characteristics of TRPC4 Channels Expressed in HEK 293 Cells
성태식,김민지,홍수진,전재표,김병주,전주홍,김선정,서인석 한국분자세포생물학회 2009 Molecules and cells Vol.27 No.2
The classical type of transient receptor potential (TRPC) channel is a molecular candidate for Ca2+-permeable cation channels in mammalian cells. Because TRPC4 and TRPC5 belong to the same subfamily of TRPC, they have been assumed to have the same physiological properties. However, we found that TRPC4 had its own functional characteristics different from those of TRPC5. TRPC4 channels had no constitutive activity and were activated by muscarinic stimulation only when a muscarinic receptor was co-expressed with TRPC4 in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. Endogenous muscarinic receptor appeared not to interact with TRPC4. TPRC4 activation by GTPS was not desensitized. TPRC4 activation by GTPS was not inhibited by either Rho kinase inhibitor or MLCK inhibitor. TRPC4 was sensitive to external pH with pKa of 7.3. Finally, TPRC4 activation by GTPS was inhibited by the calmodulin inhibitor W-7. We conclude that TRPC4 and TRPC5 have different properties and their own physiological roles.
랫드 회장 종주근의 비아드레날린 비콜린성 신경에 의한 수축반응
김태완,나준호,성태식,강정우,양일석,한호재,Kim, Tae-wan,La, Jun-ho,Sung, Tae-sik,Kang, Jung-woo,Yang, Il-suk,Han, Ho-jae 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.3
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of tachykinins (TK) in mediating nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) contractions produced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the longitudinal muscle of the rat ileum. In the presence of atropine ($1{\mu}M$), guanethidine ($5{\mu}M$), and L-nitroarginine (L-NNA, $200{\mu}M$), EFS (0.5ms pulse duration, 120 V, 1-20 Hz for 2 min) produced a frequency-dependent slowly-developing tonic contraction with superimposed phasic contractions ('on'-contraction) followed by off slowly-decreasing tonic and superimposed phasic contractions ('off'-contraction) of mucosa-free longitudinal oriented muscle strip. These EFS induced responses were blocked by tetrotoxin. $NK_1$ receptor selective antagonist L-732,138 strongly inhibited the EFS-induced excitatory responses. However $NK_2$ receptor selective antagonist, GR 159897 and $NK_3$ receptor selective antagonist SB 222200 did not significantly inhibited the responses. $NK_1$ receptor selective agonist [$Sar^9$,$Met(O_2)^{11}$] Substance P and $NK_2$ receptor selective agonist [${\beta}-Ala^8$]-neurokinin A (4-10) induced tonic contraction with superimposed phasic contractions of longitudinal oriented muscle strip and almost blocked by selective antagonist L-732,138 and GR 159897, respectively. But $NK_3$ receptor selective agonist senktide did not showed any effect. Nifedipine ($1{\mu}M$) abolished the contraction produced either by EFS or by the TK receptor agonists [$Sar^9$,$Met(O_2)^{11}$] Substance P or [${\beta}-Ala^8$]-neurokinin A (4-10). It is concluded that, in the longitudinal muscle of rat ileum, both $NK_1$ and $NK_2$ receptors modulated the responses to exogenous tachykinins, whereas $NK_1$ is mainly involved in NANC neuromuscular contraction.
김태완,나준호,성태식,강정우,남치주,최민철,윤여성,양일석,Kim, Tae-wan,La, Jun-ho,Sung, Tae-sik,Kang, Jeong-woo,Nam, Tchi-chou,Choi, Min-cheol,Yoon, Yeo-sung,Yang, Il-suk The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.3
It is now generally accepted that acupuncture is effective in diarrhea caused by bacterial infection. However, its effect on the intestinal smooth muscle dysfunction is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of acupuncture therapy at Jiao-chao (GV-1) on the intestinal muscle dysfunction in weaning piglets orally infected by Escherichia coli. The animals are divided into four groups; 1) E. coli + no-treatment, 2) E. coli + antibiotic, 3) E. coli + acupuncture, 4) normal group. In the three E. coli infected groups, low frequency electrical field stimulation (EFS, 1 Hz) provoked triphasic responses composed of initial relaxation followed by on-contraction and off-contraction. While in the normal group, EFS (1Hz) induced biphasic responses composed of relaxation during the stimulation and off-contraction. At the high frequency (16Hz) EFS, both on-contraction and off-contraction of the E. coli + antibiotic, E. coli + acupuncture and the normal group were larger than those of the E. coli + no-treatment group. In the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) condition, only biphasic responses occurred to EFS in all experimental groups and the off-contraction of E. coli + antibiotic, E. coli + acupuncture and the normal group were larger than those of the E. coli + no-treatment group. The response to carbachol of those three groups was also significantly greater than that of the E. coli + no-treatment group. These results suggest that acupuncture is as effective as antibiotic in the dysfunction of colonic circular muscle caused by E. coli infection. The maintenance of contractile neuromuscular transmission seems to be involved in the mechanism of the acupuncture effects on diarrhea.
Role of mucosal mast cells in visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome
양일석,나준호,김태완,성태식,김현주,김점용 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.4
The involvement of mucosal mast cells(MMC) in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is still controversial. We aimed to re-evaluate the role of MMC invisceral hypersensitivity associated with IBS using a rat IBS model that develops the IBS symptom after a subsidence of acetic acid-induced colitis. No significant difference in the number of MMC was observed betweennormal rat colon and IBS rat colon. (61.7 ± 2.9/mm2 in normal vs. 88.7 ± 13.3/mm2 in IBS, p > 0.29). However, the degranulation rate of MMC was significantly higher inIBS rat colon (49.5 ± 2.4% in normal vs. 68.8 ± 3.4% in IBS, p < 0.05). Pretreatment of a mast cell stabilizer, doxantrazole (5 mg/kg, i.p.), reduced the degranulation rate of MMC and significantly attenuated visceralhypersensitivity to rectal distension in IBS rat, whereas it had no effect on the visceral sensory responses in normal rat. These results suggest that, although the number ofMMC is not significantly changed in IBS rat colon, the higher degranulation rate of MMC is responsible for visceral hypersensitivity in this model IBS.
Electroacupuncture ameliorates experimental colitis induced by acetic acid in rat
양일석,김태완,나준호,성태식,김현주,권영배,김점용,강정우 대한수의학회 2004 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.5 No.3
The effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on experimental colitis was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 4% acetic acid. EA (2 Hz, 0.05 ms, 2 V for 20min) was applied to bilateral Hoku (LI- 4) and Zusanli (ST-36) on 12 hrs and 36 hrs after induction of colitis. EA-treatment significantly reduced the macroscopic damage and the myeloperoxidase activity of colonic samples at 3 days post-induction of colitis. Colitic colon showed a decreased in vitro motility. However, colonic motility of EAtreatedgroup was not significantly different from that of normal group. The anti-inflammatory effect of EA was not inhibited by a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU-486, butsuppressed by a β-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranonol. These results suggest that EA-treatment has a beneficial effect on colitis, and its anti-inflammatory effect is mediated by β- adrenoceptor activation but not by endogenous glucocorticoiddependentmechanism.