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입경 분포 원인 분석 및 PM2.5 밀도 추정 -Part II
배민석,박다정,이정훈,안준영,이영재 한국대기환경학회 2016 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.32 No.2
To characterize the features of particle apparent density, continuous measurements of particle number size distributions from optical particle sizer (OPS) and 24 hr integrated particle mass concentrations from filter based sampler were conducted at the National institute of environmental research NamBu Supersite (NNBS, 35.22°N, 126.84 °E) in Gwangju for 16 days from Nov. 4 in 2014. Source apportionment model was carried out by applying Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to particle size distribution data. Three different distributions related to primary and secondary sources were investigated by the diurnal patterns of identified factors. Density estimated by gaussian model has been calculated as 1.69 g/cm3 with 95% confidence bounds (1.57~1.81 g/cm3).
닫힌계 챔버를 활용한 농업잔재물 연소성분별 배출계수 산정 - 유기성분 중심
배민석,유근혜,송명기,김민성,오세호,유근배,이병태,한경만 한국대기환경학회 2022 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.38 No.3
This study aims to analyze the Emission Factor (EF) for chemical compounds from agricultural crop residues burning (i.e., rice straw, barley, watermelon stem, onion stem, weed, garlic stalk, persimmon, citrus eggplant, corn stalk, Sweet Potato Stem, and peanut stalk). A closed chamber system for agricultural crop residues burning was utilized under controlling the exact flow rate using mass flow controllers. Emission Factor for the detailed compounds such as PM2.5 mass, Organic Carbon (OC), Elemental Carbon (EC), Ionic Compounds (IC), Levoglucosan, etc, Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry were investigated for eleven agricultural crop residues. In the case of incineration of agricultural residues, the average PM2.5 emission factor was 16.8 g/kg with the highest in persimmon. The average emission factors of CO, SOx, and NOx were 180.9, 0.4, and 11.4 g/kg, respectively. Watermelon stem and onion stem showed a high NH3 emission factor due to the influence of fertilizer. The average emission factors for VOCs and PAHs were 0.36 and 0.06 g/kg, respectively. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m&p-xylene, o-xylene, acrylonitrile, and naphthalene accounted for about 80% in the VOCs. The results can be applied to database in Clean Air Policy Support System and will be able to calculate the emission rate for the air quality analyses.
배민석,이태형,James J. Schauer,박규태,손영백,김기현,Seung-Sik Cho,Seung Shik Park,박기홍,Zang-HoShon 한국기상학회 2019 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.55 No.3
Measurements for size-resolved chemical composition were made at the Anmyeon Island station on the western coast of the Republic of Korea between May 28 and June 20, 2016. This study determined the main chemical compositions of size-resolved particulate matter (i.e., organic carbon, elemental carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, water-soluble ions, and benzene carboxylic acids) from a total of eight chemically size-resolved sets using micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors. The sum of the species presents a prominent accumulation mode peak at a diameter of 0.56 μm without the coarse mode peak. In the accumulation mode, SO4 2− (49.3%) was the dominant particle component in the size range of 0.1–1.8 μm. Organic carbon and elemental carbon accounted for 13.5% and 0.4%, respectively. Benzene carboxylic acids indicate the accumulation mode peak at the diameter of 0.56 μm. The size-resolved equivalent ion concentration ratios between all measured cations and anions and the ion neutralization model, which uses four major ions, were compared. As a result, the concentration of Na+ is of importance in the accumulation mode for the equivalent ion concentration.
배민석,이지이,김용표,옥민호,Ju-Seon Shin,이광열,Hyunhee Lee,Sun Young Lee,김영준 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.1
A comparison of analytical approaches for Levoglucosan (C6H10O5, commonly formed from the pyrolysis of carbohydrates such as cellulose) and used for a molecular marker in biomass burning is made between the four different analytical systems. 1) Spectrothermography technique as the evaluation of thermograms of carbon using Elemental Carbon & Organic Carbon Analyzer, 2) mass spectrometry technique using Gas Chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS), 3) Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) for the identification of the particle size distribution and chemical composition, and 4) two dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time of Flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) for defining the signature of Levoglucosan in terms of chemical analytical process. First, a Spectrothermography, which is defined as the graphical representation of the carbon, can be measured as a function of temperature during the thermal separation process and spectrothermographic analysis. GC/MS can detect mass fragment ions of Levoglucosan characterized by its base peak at m/z 60, 73 in mass fragment-grams by methylation and m/z 217, 204 by trimethylsilylderivatives (TMS-derivatives). AMS can be used to analyze the base peak at m/z 60.021, 73.029 in mass fragment-grams with a multiple-peak Gaussian curve fit algorithm. In the analysis of TMS derivatives by GC×GC-TOFMS, it can detect m/z 73 as the base ion for the identification of Levoglucosan. It can also observe m/z 217and 204 with existence of m/z 333. Although the ratios of m/z 217 and m/z 204 to the base ion (m/z 73) in the mass spectrum of GC×GC-TOFMS lower than those of GC/MS, Levoglucosan can be separated and characterized from D (-) +Ribose in the mixture of sugar compounds. At last, the environmental significance of Levoglucosan will be discussed with respect to the health effect to offer important opportunities for clinical and potential epidemiological research for reducing incidence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.