Monodisperse Poly(Styrene/Methyl acrylate) Microspheres by Dispersion Polymerization in IPA(Isopropanol)/water Media

방현수,이기창 한국고분자학회 2002 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2002 No.4

상속취득세 과세 개선 방안 - 취득시기, 세율특례에 대한 문제점 중심으로

방현수 한국지방세연구원 2020 지방세포럼 Vol.52 No.-

The Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Blood components, Antioxidant enzymes and Reactive Oxygen in Hyperlipidemic Rats

방현수,정인호,이상덕,Bang, Hyun-Soo,Jeong, In-Ho,Lee, Sang-Deok The Society of Digital Policy and Management 2014 디지털융복합연구 Vol.12 No.7

본 연구는 맥동전자장이 고지혈증 관련 혈액 성분, 항산화 효소와 활성 산소에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험군은 정상식이군, 고지방식이군과 고지방식이-맥동전자장 적용군의 3군으로 나누었다. 맥동 전자장은 맥동 전자장 에너지 치료기를 이용하였다. 혈액 성분의 검사 항목은 혈당, 유리지방산, 중성지방 및 콜레스테롤, 인슐린이고, 항산화 효소와 활성 산소의 검사는 글루타치온, 글루타치온 환원효소, 크산틴, 과산화지질을 측정하였다. 그 결과 맥동전자장 적용은 혈액 구성성분과 GSH와 GRD를 고지장식이 수준에서 정상식이 수준으로 상승시켰으며, XO와 MDA는 고지방식이 수준에서 정상 식이 수준으로 낮추어 주는 개선효과를 나타내었다. 그러므로 맥동전자장의 적용은 고지혈증 흰쥐의 혈액성분의 변화, 항산화 효소의 증가, 활성 산화의 억제에 효과적인 치료 방법이라 할 수 있다. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of the application of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the blood components associated hyperlipidemia, antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen. The subjects were divided into three groups: General Diet, High fat Diet, High fat diet and pulsed electromagnetic fields. Pulsed electromagnetic field was applied with pulsed electromagnetic energy therapy equipment. The Glucose, free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol and insulin was used to measure hyperlipidemia-related blood components, and the GSH, GRD, XO and MDA was used to measure antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen. The applied pulsed electromagnetic field has improved the concentrations of blood components and increasing GSH and GRD, that were decreased due to a high-fat diet and by reducing the increased MDA and XO to a level of general diet group. Therefore, the applied pulsed electromagnetic field can be the effective treatment for changes in the blood composition of hyperlipidemic rats, enhancement of antioxidative activity and the inhibition of reactive oxygen.

트레드밀 운동이 일부 흡연 남자대학생의 혈액 성분과 항산화효소에 미치는 영향

방현수 김천대학교 2015 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.36 No.-

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes blood components and antioxidant enzymes of by treadmill exercise in smoking male college students. Method : The subjects were consisted of normal eight smoking male college students. They were from 20 to 25 years old. Treadmill exercise was conducted for 3 weeks and was comprised of 60 minutes for three times a week. All subjects measured blood components variables(Red Blood Cell; RBC, White Blood Cell; WBC, hematocrit, neutrophil), antioxidant enzymes variables(glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) before and after 3-weeks. Statistics analysis used to paired-t test. Result : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The WBC was increased in the pre-post test(p<.05), but the RBC, hematocrit, neutrophil were not increased in the pre-post test(p>.05). 2. The glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase were increased in the pre-post test(p<.05) Conclusion : In the present study, results indicate that treadmill exercise helps to improve the blood components(WBC) and antioxidant enzymes in smoking male college students.

기능적 전기자극이 경직성 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능에 미치는 영향

방현수,김동현 대한감각통합치료학회 2016 대한감각통합치료학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Objective: This study aims investigating the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on hand function of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods: The participants of this study are 20 children with spastic cerebral palsy aged between 11 to 16 years old. All the subjects underwent 24 sessions of FES during 8 weeks. Each FES was 20 minutes per session, and 3 sessions of FES were provided in a week. Measurements used to assess hand function are Jebsen Hand Function Test, Modified Ashworth Scale and 3D Motion Analysis. After establishment of the baseline for each client by all the measurements, reevaluations were performed every 2 weeks using Jebsen Hand Function Test and the Modified Ashworth Scale. The 3D Motion Analysis was performed only before- and after the 8 weeks of FES treatment. Results: After the FES, there was significant decrease in completed time for the all 6 subtasks of Jebsen Hand Function Test were (p<.05) and also significant decrease in spasticity score of Modified Ashworth Scale as well (p<.05). 3D Motion Analysis showed that the hand tapping and the finger tapping has been significantly improved (p<.05), and the pronation-supination movement of lower arm has been significantly improved as well. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is evidenced that functional electrical stimulation is effective treatment for hand function of children with cerebral palsy. For future research, it is recommended to examine various protocols of FES including impact of long-term application. 목적 : 본 연구는 목적은 기능적 전기자극이 경직성 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이었다. 연구방법 : 11세에서 16세 사이의 경직성 뇌성마비 아동 20명을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 기능적 전기자극은 1회 20분, 주당 3회, 총 8주를 실시하였고, 기능적 전기자극이 상지 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Jebsen Hand Function Test, 수정된 Ashworth 척도, 3차원 동작분석을 실시하였다. Jebsen Hand Function Test, 수정된 Ashworth 척도는 실험 전부터 8주간 각 2주마다 측정을 실시하였고 3차원 동작분석은 실험 전과 8주 후에 측정을 실시하였다. 결과 : 기능적 전기자극 후, Jebsen Hand Function Test에서 6개의 하위 검사 모두에서 각 과제의 수행을 위한 경과 시간의 유의한 감소가 나타났고(p<.05), 수정된 Ashworth 척도에서도 통계학적으로 유의한 상지의 경직도의 감소가 나타났다(p<.05). 3차원 동작 분석 결과 기능적 전기자극 적용 전에 비해 적용 8주의 경과 후 손바닥 두드리기와 검지 두드리기에서는 통계학적으로 유의한 감소를 나타내었고(p<.05), 아래팔의 회내-회외 운동에서 는 기능적 전기자극 적용 전에 비해 적용 8주의 경과 후에는 통계학적으로도 유의한 증가를 나타내었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 통해, 기능적 전기자극은 경직성 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능 향상을 위한 효과적인 치료 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 향후 기능적 전기자극을 위한 다양한 방법과 장기간의 적용에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

보행시 가방의 휴대 방법에 따른 몸통 근육의 근활성도 변화 분석

방현수 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes muscle activity of by various carrying a pack methods during walking. Method: The subjects were consisted of normal thirty persons (15 males and 15 females). They were from 20 to 25 years old. The carrying a pack methods were divided into three group; backpack group, shoulder bag group, cross bag group. To evaluate electromyography was divided into 3 areas: upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, each electromyography were measured and analyzed. The one-way analysis of variance was used to get difference between three group and difference between left and right trapezius muscle activity. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. In the comparison of left upper trapezius muscle activity were significantly differ- ent between group (p<.05), and right upper trapezius muscle activity were significant- ly different between group (p<.05). 2. In the comparison of left middle trapezius muscle activity were significantly differ- ent between group (p<.05), and right middle trapezius muscle activity were signifi- cantly different between group (p<.05). 3. In the comparison of left lower trapezius muscle activity were significantly differ- ent between group (p<.05), but right lower trapezius muscle activity were not signif- icantly different between group (p>.05). 4. In the comparison of difference between left and right upper trapezius muscle activity were significantly different between group (p<.05), and middle trapezius mus- cle activity were significantly different between group (p<.05), and lower trapezius muscle activity were significantly different between group (p<.05) Conclusion: According to the preceding study asymmetric load of pack by carrying methods changed the posture of trunk and limbs. Also in this study various carrying methods changed the upper, middle, lower trapezius muscle activity significant differ- ence. Also, asymmetric load of pack by carrying methods affected symmetry of mus- cle activity between left and right trapezius.

수정된 강제유도 운동치료가 편마비를 가진 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능에 미치는 영향

방현수,장상훈 대한지역사회작업치료학회 2017 대한지역사회작업치료학회지 Vol.7 No.1

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 수정된 강제유도 운동치료가 편마비 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능과 관련된 요소들에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 8세에서 11세 사이의 편마비 뇌성마비 아동 4명을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 수정된 강제유도 운동치료 는 하루 5시간 동안의 건측 제한과 이 시간동안 2시간의 환측의 집중적인 과제훈련, 주당 5회, 총 8주를 실시하였고, 수정된 강제유도 운동치료가 상지 기능과 관련된 요소에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위하여 Jebsen Hand Function Test와 3차원 동작분석을 실시하였다. Jebsen Hand Function Test는 실험 2주마다 반복 측정을 실시하였고, 3차원 동작분석의 경우에는 실험 전과 실험 후에 측정을 실시하였다. 결과 : 수정된 강제유도 운동치료 후, Jebsen Hand Function Test에서는 하위 검사 모두에서 경과 시간의 유의한 감소 가 나타났고(p<.05), 3차원 동작 분석 결과 수정된 강제유도 운동치료 적용 전에 비해 8주의 경과 후 손바닥 두드리 기 검사와 검지 두드리기 검사에서 통계학적으로 유의한 감소가 나타났고(p<.05), 아래팔의 회내와 회외 운동에서는 수정된 강제유도 운동치료 적용 전에 비해 8주의 경과 후 통계학적으로 유의한 증가가 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 통하여, 수정된 강제유도 운동치료는 편마비 뇌성마비 아동의 상지 기능과 관련된 요소를 효과 적인 치료하는 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 향후 수정된 강제유도 운동치료를 위한 개별화된 적용 방법과 개인의 상태에 따른 다양한 적용 기간의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objective : The aims of this study was to investigate the effects of modified constraint induced movement therapy(CIMT) on upper extremities function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods : The participants of this study are 4 children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy aged between 8 to 11 years old. During the modified CIMT period, the unaffected hand of the subjects was restrained by a hand splint for 8 weeks, five days per week, five hours a day. And the affected upper extremity was strongly trained by performing functional tasks, which were individually structured use of the affected arm. Measurements used to assess hand function are Jebsen Hand Function Test, and 3D Motion Analysis. The Jebsen Hand Function Test was performed repeatedly every two weeks. The 3D Motion Analysis was performed before and after the 8 weeks of modified constraint induced movement therapy. Results : After the modified CIMT, there was a significant improvement in completed time for the 6 tasks of Jebsen Hand Function Test(p<.05). 3D Motion Analysis was that the finger tapping and the hand tapping has been significantly decreased (p<.05), and the pronation-supination movement has been significantly increased as well(p<.05). Conclusion : In the results of this study, it is evidenced that modified CIMT is effective treatment for upper extremities function of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. For future research, it is recommended to examine various periods and protocol of modified CIMT including impact of long periods application.

몸통 안정화 운동이 경직성 뇌성마비 아동의 대근육 운동기능, 기능적 독립성과 몸통 근육 활성도에 미치는 영향

방현수 한국보건기초의학회 2022 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate how applying trunk stabilization exercises for 8 weeks to children with spastic cerebral palsy on their gross motor function, functional independence, and trunk muscle activity. A diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy was experienced in 15 children. The trunk exercise was composed of three types of exercises: abdominal drawing exercise, Bridge exercise, and Sit up exercise for 20 minutes at a time, twice a week, for 8 weeks. Significant increases were maintained in sitting, crawl and kneeling position among GMFM at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks of application (p<.05). There was a significant increase in both the WeeFIM mobility and locomotion category after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of application (p<.05). Trunk muscle activity also showed a significant increase in the rectus abdominis and external oblique abdominal muscles at both 4 and 8 weeks of application (p<.05). It was found that the trunk stabilization exercise program is an effective intervention method for improving gross motor function, functional independence, and muscle activity, which are measures of motor function in children with cerebral palsy.

가상현실 운동 프로그램이 뇌성마비 아동의 균형과 하지 근활성도에 미치는 영향

방현수 한국보건기초의학회 2023 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study conducted an experiment to analyze the effect of applying an 8-week virtual reality exercise program on changes in balance ability and lower extremity muscle activity in children with cerebral palsy. A study was conducted on 14 people aged 10 to 12 years who were diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The virtual reality exercise program was applied twice a week, 30 minutes per time, for 8 weeks. To analyze the results of the experiment, the pediatric balance scale, timed up to go test, and lower limb muscle activity were measured. As a result of applying a virtual reality exercise program to children with cerebral palsy for 8 weeks, a significant improvement in the pediatric balance scale was observed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after application based on before the experiment, and a significant improvement in the standing up and walking test was observed. There was also a significant improvement in the muscle activity of the lower extremity muscles, the vastus medialis and the vastus lateralis. These results suggest that the virtual reality exercise program is an effective therapeutic intervention method for improving balance and lower extremity muscle activity in children with cerebral palsy.

스티렌/노말 부틸 메타크릴레이트와 알루미나의 분산 공중합에 관한 연구

방현수(Hyun Su Bang),조을룡(Ur Ryong Cho) 한국고분자학회 2008 폴리머 Vol.32 No.6