역사지구재생이 주민생활환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 중국 산동성(山東省) 청주시(青州市) 우원역사지구(偶園歷史街區)를 중심으로 -

조천(Zhao, Qian),박연정(Park, Yeonjeong) 한국주거학회 2020 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.32 No.2

In China, the "regeneration of historic districts and the development of tourism" is being implemented as an important economic development strategy. However, as the resulting tourism gentrification has had a negative impact on local communities. Therefore, this study selects a typical historical district in China"s recent urban regeneration-Ouyuan historic district in Qingzhou City, Shandong Province. To sort out the development process of tourism gentrification, choose the factors affecting the regeneration of historic districts based on tourism, conduct a questionnaire survey with residents as the object, and use statistical analysis software(SPSS21) to analyze the impact of these factors on residents. This will contribute to future sustainable historic districts regeneration projects in other areas. The results show that the impact of tourism gentrification on the living environment of residents has an overall negative impact close to "general". The main impacts are concentrated on the physical environmental factors related to traffic such as "difficult parking", "inconvenient commuting", and "traffic jams and road congestion". It also includes "decrease of living facilities", "garbage problem" and "involuntary relocation due to rent increase". Through cluster analysis, we can see that there are three groups with different attitudes: negative opponents, positive supporters and indifferent neutrals. Except for a few residents who actively support, most residents show a passive and indifferent attitude towards tourism gentrification.

[용어와 건축] 공공건축 건축기획

박연정(Park, Yeonjeong) 대한건축학회 2023 建築 Vol.67 No.11

Instructional Design Implications for International Graduate Students: Perceptions on Intercultural Communicative Competences and Socially Engaged Learning

박연정(Yeonjeong Park),Barbara Lockee,David Moor 호남대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2020 인문사회과학연구 Vol.63 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 외국인 대학원생의 이문화 의사소통 역량(Intercultural Communicative Competences: ICC)과 사회적으로 몰입된 학습 (Socially Engaged Learning: SEL)에 대한 인식을 조사하는 것이었다. 교수 설계의 내적 조건으로서 ICC는 외국에서 공부를 하는 대학원생들에게 요구되는 자질이다. 또한 교수설계 외적 조건으로서, SEL은 알려진 사회학습 이론에 대한 고찰과 핵심적 원리들을 도출하여 개념화하여 몰입학습을 사회적 측면으로 확장한 것이다. 미국 소재 한 대학에서 이루어진 사례 연구로서, 본 연구에서는 영어가 원어민이 아닌 중국, 인도, 한국 등 에서 온 대학원생 208명을 대상으로 ICC와 SEL에 대한 인식을 조사하였다. 정량 분석을 통해 대학내 다양한 문화적 배경과 학문적 배경, 사전 경험을 가진 외국인 유학생들은 비교적 양호한 수준으로 자신들의 이문화 소통 역량을 평가하였고, 사회적으로 몰입된 학습 전략에 대해서도 긍정적인 시각을 보였다. 각 역량과 교수설계 전략에 대한 인식의 세부 요인들에 대해서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 발견되어, 교수설계자가 이들 학생의 서로 다른 이문화 소통 역량을 이해하고, 이들이 보다 사회적으로 몰입된 학습 경험을 할 수 있도록 교수설계자가 문화적으로 보편적이면서 개별학생들의 문화적 특수성을 연결하는 교수 설계적 노력이 필요함을 시사하였다 The purpose of this study is to perceptions of international graduate students on intercultural communicative competence (ICC) and ID strategies for socially engaged learning (SEL). As an internal condition, ICC is a quality for those who enter a second language and culture. As an external condition, SEL includes recommended learning and instructional strategies for the students. SEL was derived from the review of existing and well-known social theories of learning. As a case study in a large university in the U.S., this study investigated perceptions on ICC and SEL with a sample of 208 non-native English speaking international graduate students coming from China, India, South Korea, and other diverse countries. Results of quantitative analysis showed that these students with different background characteristics, academic disciplines, cultural origins, and previous experiences perceived a moderately high level of ICC and generally had positive views on SEL strategies for socially engaged learning. Significantly different perceptions among sub-factors of ICC level and SEL framework across their backgrounds suggest that the instructional designers need to better understand students’ different intercultural competencies, to build a bridge in applying between generally-accepted versus culturally-specific instructional design principles, and finally to help students prepare their socially engaged learning successfully.

열린어린이집 운영 실천에 대한 교사의 인식과 업무과중도와의 관계 탐색

박연정(Park, Yeonjeong),마수미(Ma, Sumi),채영란(Chae, Youngran) 한국영유아교원교육학회 2020 유아교육학논집 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 열린어린이집 보육교사들이 인식한 운영실천과 업무과중도간의 관계를 탐색함으로써 열린어린이집 운영의 개선방향을 도출하는 데 목적이 있다. 따라서 보건복지부가 제공한 열린어린이집 가이드라인 내 체크리스트를 활용하여, G시 소재 열린어린이집 근무 보육교사 151명을 대상으로 열린어린이집의 운영 실천도와 업무과중도를 조사·분석하였다. 그 결과 전반적으로 열린어린이집 운영 실천이 잘 이루어지고 있고, 이에 따라 업무과중도가 약간 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. ‘어린이집 공간 개방성’의 실천이 가장 높게 나타나고, ‘참여활동의 일상성’에서 업무과중도가 상대적으로 높게 나타난 가운데, 반복측정 ANOVA분석 결과 실천도에서 5개 요소별 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 또한 ‘부모 참여의 자발성’, ‘참여수준 다양성’, ‘운영 융통성’ 측면에서 실천도와 업무과중도간 유의한 상관관계를 보여, 부모 참여가 적극적이고, 참여수준이 다양할수록, 운영을 융통적으로 할수록 교사의 업무 과중이 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 나아가, 운영실천도를 X축, 업무과중도를 Y축에 놓았을 때 만들어지는 항목들을 매트릭스의 네 가지 영역(중점개선, 업무개선, 실천개선, 유지관리)별로 분류하여, 교사의 업무과중도를 고려한 열린어린이집 운영의 개선 방향을 제시·논의하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between operational practices and workload perceived by teachers employed in an open child-care center and to derive the improvement directions for the center. In this study, a checklist of guidelines for open child-care centers provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare was used. The subjects of the study were 151 teachers working at open child-care centers in G city. Survey results indicated that the overall practice of operating the open child-care center was well performed, and the degree of work overload was moderate. The practice of "space openness of center" was the highest and the task overload was relatively high in the "routine of parents’ participation". As a result of repeated measures of ANOVA analysis, there were significant differences among the five factors in the degree of practice. Also, the "spontaneity of parents’ participation", "variety of participants’ level" and "flexibility of operation" revealed significant correlations between centers’ operational practice and teachers’ workloads. This implies that as parents actively participated, where such participation involves various activities, and the operation becomes flexible, the centers’ teachers feel more burdened. Finally, a matrix positioning the level of operation practice in the X axis and workload in the Y axis suggests four-categorized directions including 1)items to focus on for the improvement, 2)items to consider regarding teachers’ workload, 3)items to rearrange the work process, and 4)items to keep working on for the effective operation of open child-care centers.

인공지능의 교육적 활용을 위한 윤리 지침 개발

박연정 ( Yeonjeong Park ),정종원 ( Jongwon Jung ),노석준 ( Seak-zoon Roh ),이은배 ( Eunbae Lee ) 한국교육공학회 2023 교육공학연구 Vol.39 No.0

Within the domain of artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential contributions to humanity, concurrent concerns and uncertainties about AI or AI-enabled robots are evident. This research identified a crucial gap, specifically the lack of comprehensive exploration into ethical considerations and the absence of precise guidelines for AI application within educational contexts. The primary objective of this study is to bridge this void by devising ethical guidelines tailored for pivotal educational stakeholders. They include program designers and developers, researchers, instructors, and learners actively engaged in integrating AI for educational purposes. To accomplish this objective, ethical considerations for AI application in education were derived through an analysis of prior research on established AI ethics, organizing specific definitions. An initial draft of ethical guidelines, customized for relevant stakeholders in the educational sphere, was developed. The validation involved a two-step Delphi survey encompassing four distinct groups. This iterative survey effectively eliminated redundancies in ethical considerations and refined them to align with the perspectives of pertinent practitioners, interpreting specific ethical considerations. The study culminated in the identification of six overarching areas ―transparency, justice and fairness, nonmaleficence, responsibility, freedom and autonomy, and coexistence―along with 28 components (e.g., transparency, fairness, safety, privacy, sustainability, solidarity, etc.) comprising the ethical guidelines for the educational use of AI. The proposed guidelines furnish a comprehensive framework for ethical practices in the integration of AI into educational settings.

소셜러닝을 적용한 직업교육 성과분석 사례연구

이수경(Sookyoung Lee),박연정(Yeonjeong Park) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2015 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4

Social learning is a form to support learners` active engagement and participation in learning with other learners and instructors by using social media. The concept of social learning should be considered beyond the simple use of social media for learning or education. This study aims to apply the understanding of social learning based on the theoretical background of social theories of learning in designing and developing a program for workforce education. As a pilot test, the newly developed social learning program was implemented to 302 employees with the title of `Innovative Display Strategy for POP``. 138 employees successfully completed the social learning course that focuses on delivering contents in time-line based platform, supporting interactions among students, and working effectively through small smart devices in their workplace. The results were derived from three kinds of data-source: learner`s log data, their final evaluation score, and the survey to measure the satisfaction about social learning. Finally the implications for social learning were discussed in terms of the program revision and directions for future application.

이러닝 직업교육훈련에 대한 학습자 수강동기, 인식, 학습행태 조사연구

이수경(Sookyoung Lee),박연정(Yeonjeong Park) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2017 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.18 No.3

With the recent advance of IT technology and the change of education paradigm, vocational training has been also evolved. In the background of mobilization of learning, increase of bite-size contents, and the agility of just-in-time learning, this study surveyed the online learners’ motivation, perceptions, and learning behaviour. Total 4,021 learners from 6 distance learning institutions revealed that learners take the e-learning courses due to more for their self-development than the company’s supports and policy. Also, they perceived the subject matter in contents are the most important. The results from this study suggest that the development of contents should focus on the subject matter that can be utilized for their jobs immediately. Lastly, the study confirms that learning space and time has been changed in the flexible way to use their spare time between work and life. Irregularity of learning and hasty preparations were one of major characteristics in the aspect of learning behaviour.

역사지구 재생이 주민생활환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 중국 산동성(山東省, 山东省, Shandong Sheng) 칭조우시(靑州市, 青州市, Qingzhou Shi) 오우유안(偶園, 偶园, Ouyuan) 역사지구를 중심으로 -

조천(Zhao, Qian),박연정(Park, Yeonjeong) 한국주거학회 2021 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.32 No.4

중학생의 컴퓨팅 사고력 군집 유형과 특성 분석

허희옥 ( Heeok Heo ),박연정 ( Yeonjeong Park ) 한국교육공학회 2019 교육공학연구 Vol.35 No.3

제4차 산업혁명에 따른 사회 및 경제 구조의 변화에 대비하는 인재 양성과 교육에 컴퓨팅 사고력을 기반으로 하는 고차적인 문제 해결력, 창의·융합 능력의 증진에 관한 관심이 전 세계적으로 집중되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 2015 개정 교육과정에 따라 초·중학교에서 소프트웨어(SW)교육 역량을 증진하기 위한 교육을 시행하고 있다. 이에 따라 SW교육의 효과 증진을 위한 다양한 연구와 실천이 이어지고 있다. 본 연구에는 SW교육의 핵심 목표인 컴퓨팅 사고력에 초점을 두고 있다. 컴퓨팅 사고력은 문제를 이해하고 해결하기 위하여 컴퓨팅 기술을 활용하는 능력을 말하며, 분석, 설계, 실현, 평가 능력으로 구성될 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 학생들의 컴퓨팅 사고력 유형을 분석하고 각 유형의 특징을 살펴보면서 효과적인 SW교육을 위한 시사점을 얻는 데 있다. 이를 위하여, 중학생 2,949명을 대상으로 컴퓨팅 사고력 기반의 문제해결 과정을 조사하고 그 결과를 토대로 학생들의 특성을 군집분석 방법으로 파악하였다. K-means 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 1차 모델로 5가지 유형을 도출하고 유형별로 중학생들의 흥미와 효능감 간의 유의한 차이가 있음을 발견하였다. 한편, 흥미와 효능감을 포함한 2차 군집모델을 중심으로 4가지 유형으로 구성된 군집과 이에 따른 학생의 성별, 지역 규모, 거주지 권역, 선도/일반학교 여부 등에서 유의한 차이를 확인하였다. 도출된 군집 유형은 학생들의 컴퓨팅 사고력 수준을 파악하는 것뿐만 아니라, 하위 능력별 강점과 약점 역량에 따른 교육 방향을 설정하는 데에 활용될 수 있다. The forth industrial revolution leads the social and economic changes which require human to enhance complex problem-solving, creativity, and convergence based on the computational thinking. The Korean national curriculum revised in 2015 highlights the software education for the elementary and middle school students. Since then various research and practices have conducted to improve the quality of software education as focusing on computational thinking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the level and patterns of computational thinking of middle school students. Computational thinking is defined by the process of approaching a complex problem in a systematic manner and solving it in the way the computer science experts carry out. It consists of the subsets including the analysis of problem, design of algorithm, execution of solution, and evaluation. This study assessed computational thinking competency of 2,949 middle school students and analyzed their levels and patterns of the competency. The first clustering model including five patterns on computational thinking was derived by the K-means methods and the differences according to students’ interest and efficacy on information education were revealed significantly. Consequently, the second clustering model based on the six variables including four subsets of computational thinking and the two affective variables (interest and efficacy) produced four clusters with the balanced silhouette. Also, students’ demographic characteristics such as gender, the size and division of the residence, the school characteristics were significantly different according to the four clusters. Finally, some implications of the results were discussed for effective software education.

학습분석학 기반 대시보드에 대한 사용자의 정보지각 측정 연구: 시선추적장치의 활용

조일현 ( Il Hyun Jo ),하건희 ( Kunhee Ha ),박연정 ( Yeonjeong Park ) 한국교육정보미디어학회(구 한국교육정보방송학회) 2015 교육정보미디어연구 Vol.21 No.3

학습분석학은 학습관리시스템을 비롯한 다양한 시스템을 통해 축적된 학습 데이터를 수집.분석하여, 학습자의 행동을 예측하고 성과 향상을 위한 처방안으로 활용하고자 하는 학문 분야이다. 본 연구는 이러한 학습분석학의 주요 영역 중 처방 영역에서 활용되는 대시보드에 대한 사용자의 정보 지각과 이해정도를 확인하고, 대시보드의 설계와 활용에 대한 시사점을 도출하는 데에 목적이 있다. 특히대시보드는 그래프와 같은 시각요소와 이를 설명하는 텍스트 요소로 나뉘기 때문에, 글과 그래프에 대한 사용자의 시선고정현상이 사용자의 정보 이해도와 어떠한 관련이 있는지를 탐구하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 시선추적시스템(Eye-tracking system)을 도입하여, 대시보드를 탐색하는 학생들의 시각 움직임을 세밀한 수준까지 측정하였다. 피험자는 서울 소재의 E 대학교 학부생 27명으로, 실험 내용은 아이트래킹 실험과 이해도 테스트로 구성되었다. 대시보드의 각 요소에 대한 학습자들의 시각 움직임 데이터를 반복 측정하여 그들 간에 유의한 차이가 있는지 알아보고, 발견된 유의한 차이가 실제 이해도 테스트 점수에 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 피험자들은 대시보드를 이루고 있는 각 요소들에 대해 서로 다른 관찰 빈도와 관찰 지속시간을 보였음이 확인되었다. 해당 요소들을 텍스트 파트와 그래프 파트로 구분하여 분석한 결과 학습자들은 텍스트 파트를 자주 오래 볼수록 높은 정보 이해도를 보였고, 그래프 파트를 자주 오래 볼수록 낮은 정보 이해도를 보였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 방대한 정보를 효율적으로 제공하기 위해 시각적 처방이 중요한 것은 사실이나 학습자들의 그래프 이해 수준이 낮다면 대시보드를 설계하는 데 있어 설명 글을 보다 전략적으로 활용할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate information perception on the Learning Analytics Dashboard(LAD). A LAD is a tool to provide proper learning intervention by monitoring students’ online behavior, analyzing their patterns, and predicting the learning achievement. However, in order for the LAD to be more useful to students, it is necessary to consider how students catch the information on LAD in the meaningful way. For this purpose, an eye-tracking system was employed to measure students’ eye-movement on LAD. Specifically, the duration and frequency of eye fixation were explored and analyzed in terms of how the eye movement causes students’ perceptions on LAD including 7 areas of interest(graph title, graph description, scaffolding questions, X-axis, Y-axis, main graph, and annotation). The participants of this study was 27 college students in E university located in Seoul. The experiment consisted of measuring the eye-movement on LAD and testing participants’ understanding level in regard to their given information. Throughout the repeated measure ANOVA, we found that the students observed each graph’s factors in different frequencies and durations. After that, the factor analysis allowed to reclassify 7 components of LAD into two areas(graph part and text part). Finally, the multiple regression analysis results indicated that those who watched graph parts(X-axis, Y-axis, main graph, and annotation) more frequently and longer had lower test scores. On the other hand, those who watched text parts(graph title, graph description, and scaffolding message) more frequently and longer had higher comprehension scores. The results demonstrate that the graph interpretation ability of students need to be carefully considered when developing and implementing LAD as an learning intervention. Especially, this study highlights the role of text-based additional supports to help students’understanding of graph information.