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포스트 코로나 시대에 블렌디드 러닝을 활용한 교회학교 신앙교육프로그램 설계
박노선,함영주 한국기독교교육정보학회 2023 기독교교육정보 Vol.- No.76
In the educational field that has changed due to COVID-19, blended learning that combines on-offline methods is emerging. Blended learning is expected to become more active in the post-corona era in the future. The blended learning method is highly likely to link the church and home by providing the role of parents and learning methods at home. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a blended-type faith education program for effective faith education in churches and homes in the post-corona era. In this study, among various types of blended learning, it was designed as a hybrid structure that combines online and offline. The basic instructional design consisted of a total of 9 weeks based on the ADDIE model, and the subjects of education were children in Church elementary school. In the weekly learning design, blended learning was strategically centered around the“HBLT”structure, and the field class progressed up to‘HBL’and‘T’was made in the form of a task during the week. In the program evaluation, the educational goals presented for each week were to be evaluated through the activities of the“Look”stage. After performing the tasks presented in the“Took”stage, a summative evaluation of each week is conducted at a real-time meeting during the week. In the 9th week of this curriculum, an overall comprehensive evaluation of the program was made. The implications of this study are as follows. The first is to establish a pastoral philosophy for the understanding and direction of various church education methods. In order to effectively teach the truth of the Bible according to the changing flow of the times, above all, the pastoral philosophy of the pastor on education must be established. The second is to establish an online and offline network between parents and teachers. This goes beyond simple technical cooperation, and means an organic connection between the church and the family. Third, it is training to strengthen teacher competency. Teachers are people who set up parents as subjects of religious education at home and perform various educational methods. In particular, in today's era, the ability to perform educational methods using IT technology is required. Based on this research, it is expected that more effective church education will be achieved by continuously researching and developing the blended method of faith education in preparation for a situation in which the untact and field methods may be combined at any time in the future. 코로나 19로 인해 변화된 교육현장에서 온-오프라인 방식을 혼합한 블렌디드 러닝이 대두되고 있다. 향후 포스트 코로나 시대에도 블렌디드 러닝은 더욱 활성화될 전망이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 포스트 코로나 시대에 교회와 가정에서 효과적인 신앙교육이 이루어지기 위한 블렌디드 방식의 신앙교육 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 블렌디드 러닝의 여러 유형 중에 온라인과 오프라인을 병행하는 혼합형의 구조로 설계하였다. 기본 교수설계는 ADDIE 모형을 기반으로 총 9주로 구성되었고, 교육대상은 초등부 어린이로 선정하였다. 매 주차 학습설계는 HBLT 구조를 중심으로 블렌디드 러닝을 전략화하였는데, 현장 수업에서‘HBL’까지 진행하고 'T'는 과제형식으로 주중에 이루어지도록 하였다. 프로그램 평가는 주차별 제시된 교육목표를 "Look"단계의 활동을 통하여 과정평가를 시행하도록 하였다. 이후에 "Took"단계에서 제시한 과제를 수행한 후, 주중 실시간 모임에서 매 주차에 대한 총괄평가를 실시한다. 본 교육과정의 9주 차 때 프로그램에 대한 전체적인 종합평가를 하도록 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 제시하는 함의는 다음과 같다. 첫째는 다양한 교회교육 방법의 이해와 방향을 위한 목회철학을 확립하는 것이다. 변화하는 시대적 흐름에 따라 성경의 진리를 효과적으로 교육하기 위해서는 무엇보다 교육에 대한 담임목사의 목회철학이 세워져야만 한다. 둘째는 부모-교사 간 온, 오프라인 네트워크를 구축하는 것이다. 이는 단순한 기술적 협력을 넘어 교회와 가정의 유기적인 연계를 의미하는 것이다. 셋째로 교사 역량 강화 훈련이다. 교사는 가정에서 부모들을 신앙교육의 주체로 세우며 다양한 교육방법을 수행하는 자들이다. 특히 오늘날 시대는 IT기술을 활용한 교육방법을 수행할 수 있는 역량이 요구된다. 이와 같은 연구를 바탕으로 앞으로 언제든 언택트와 현장 방식이 병행하게 될 수 있는 상황에 대비하여 블렌디드 방식의 신앙교육방법을 계속해서 연구하고 개발함으로써 더욱 효과적인 교회교육이 이루어질 것을 기대한다.
박노선,최명수,김지찬,김아영 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2014 임상이비인후과 Vol.25 No.2
Supernumerary tooth is a rare condition and it occurs in variable site, such as palate, maxillary sinus, mandibular condyle, and nasal cavity. Clinical symptoms and signs associated with supernumerary teeth in the nasal cavity are nonspecific, such as foul rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and recurrent epistaxis. The diagnosis is usually made by endoscopic findings and radiology. The treatment of erupted supernumerary tooth in nasal cavity is endoscopic removal. We present one case of intranasal supernumerary tooth that was removed endoscopically.
박노선,장동식,조진생,박승구,김지찬,이호윤 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2014 임상이비인후과 Vol.25 No.2
Background and Objectives:Temporalis fascia and cartilage are well-known materials for the restoration of defective tympanic membrane. Common organisms of postoperative infection in tympanoplasty are S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This study was done to understand the resistance of cartilage and fascia to extracellular bacterial proteolytic enzyme of the pathogens. Materials and Methods:S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli were put in LB broth and Nutrient broth, incubated each other during 24 hours under 37℃. We concentrated culture supernatants on ammonium sulphate precipitation, and dialyzing it with normal saline. Extracellular enzyme with same sized cartilage and temporalis fascia tissue were nourished during 48 hours. The amounts of degradated proteins were measured, then proteins on molecular weight enforced by SDS-PAGE were classified. The activities of proteolytic enzyme by enforcement of zymography were detected. Results:We showed the proteolytic activities of cartilage and temporalis fascia by the reaction of extracellular enzyme. S. aureus had the most potent destructive power and the cartilage was more resistant to bacterial extracellular proteolysis in S. aureus than fascia. Conclusions:It could suggest that the cartilage is good for the graft material in aspect of the resistance to extracellular bacterial proteolysis.
연성 후두개를 가진 수면 무호흡 환자에서 부분후두개절제술 시행 1예
박노선,김아영,김지찬,장동식 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2014 임상이비인후과 Vol.25 No.2
Floppy epiglottis (FE) which is a kind of laryngomalacia is a rare disease in adult. FE can cause upper airway obstruction, sleep apnea disorder that should be differential diagnosis from asthma attack or paradoxical vocal cord movement. The patients can be observed the prolapsed epiglottis and supraglottic airway obstruction on laryngoscope during inspiration. A recent study has demonstrated that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of the initial treatment aggravated airway obstruction in patients with FE. The other study has demonstrated that partial epiglottectomy is effective in the treatment FE. We present one case of floppy epiglottis with partial epiglottectomy.
박노선(NS Park),이병찬(BC Rhee),김종식(JS Kim),안진상(CS Ahn),이후영(HY Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1980 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.23 No.7
Congenital anomalies of the uterus are so infrequently encountered. Uterus anomalies are associated with an increase in cases of breech presentation, premature labor, abnormal presentation with dystocia, and the necessith for cesarean section. Each cases of rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy with uterus unicornus and blind uterine horn pregnancy has been presented with a brief review of literature about anomaly of the female genital tract.