방법으로서 ‘중국-홍콩체제’ 2― 신자유주의 세계화에 비판적인 시각을 중심으로

류영하 한국중국현대문학학회 2019 中國現代文學 Vol.0 No.88

Main objective of this study is to propose a new approach for the 'China-Hong Kong System'. There is no established causality in the relationship between China and Hong Kong yet, which shows certain rules or patterns. Based on historical facts in the post-colonialism period, the relationship between two provides unconventional views in relevant East-Asia studies. Also, the constant confrontation between China and Hong Kong, after the transfer of Hong Kong's sovereignty from the UK to China, is considered unprecedented in the world history. However, considering the importance of understanding the issues in East-Asian contexts, it is essential to have a systematic perspective that can define this mutual relation of these two. Furthermore, the comprehension of the conflicts and cooperation between the two will enable identifying 'East Asian Community' and lead a resolution in the community. the previous study concentrated on the formation of Hong Kong's identity and clashes between China and Hong Kong, this paper will explain the relationship between China and Hong Kong throughout New Left's studies from a political and economic perspective.

『논어』 ‘직(直)’사상을 통해 본 복수의 정당성 연구

류영하 한국철학사연구회 2022 한국 철학논집 Vol.- No.74

본 논문은 『논어』 ‘직(直)’사상을 통하여 ‘복수(復讎)’의 정당성을 고찰하는 것이 목적이다. ‘직’은 사람에 대한 도덕적 판단 기준을 제시하는 매우 중요한 키워드로서 『논어』에서 16차례의 구절을 통해 확인할 수 있다. 복수는 자신이 당한 모욕이나 부정의를 되갚는 행위로 상대방보다 먼저 피해를 입었을 때에만 여러 가지 복수의 전제조건을 설정할 수 있다. 원한에 대처하는 방식에 대해 『논어』에서 이미 키워드로 ‘직’을 제시하고 있다. 비록 복수의 문제를 명확하게 해결하지는 않았지만 ‘직’을 바탕으로 복수의 문제에 대해 충분히 고민해 볼 수 있는 기본적인 조건이 형성된다. 이러한 맥락에서 ‘직’은 감정과 도덕을 결합해주는 중요한 이론적 측면을 가지고 있다. 요컨대 ‘직’의 문제는 유가에서 추구하는 감정과 도덕의 일관된 조화와 결합, 또는 휩쓸리지 않는 적절한 기준의 방향성을 제시해줄 수 있다. 필자는 ‘직’을 ‘직관적 층위’와 ‘행위적 층위’로 개념을 나누어 보고 『논어』를 바탕으로 유교 복수의 문제를 탐구해보고자 한다. The purpose of this paper is to examine the reinterpretation of the concept of Confucian ‘Vengeance’ and the legitimacy of Vengeance based on the concept of analects and zhi (直). zhi is a very important keyword that presents the moral judgment standard for people and can be confirmed in the 16 verses of “Analects” 16. Revenge is the act of repaying the object for the insult or injustice one has suffered. In this regard, multiple prerequisites can be established only when one first suffers such damage. In this paper, we will divide concepts of Vengeance around analects and zhi then examine them in what aspects the revenge of Confucian is meaningful.

郁達夫 文藝思想의 形成背景

柳泳夏 단국대학교부설 중국연구소 1991 中國 Vol.- No.17

공자와 재아의 삼년상 논쟁에 담긴 대립관계 분석: 상례에 대한 두 가지 관점의 대립과 절충

류영하 인문예술학회 2019 인문과 예술 Vol.- No.7

The funeral rites culture, no matter what age or nation, is considered important. Death is a piece life, and funeral rites can mean a gateway to the last journey in that we mourn the death and honor the dead. Funeral rites can be a process of condensing someone's lifetime and so summarizing it. Thus legislating and enforcing funeral rites would be a national concern. The ancient Chinese society could not be an exception. When it comes to a parent’s funeral, Confucius sets some special period to mourn which is called three-year mourning. This period has its own meaning that offspring takes care of their parents' last part of life who have taken care of the offspring while they are alive. In The Analects, however, there is a conflict between Confucius and Zai Wo over the three-year mourning, and this implies that the three-year mourning has been a very important issue from a long time ago. I, as the author, will try to parse the antagonistic relationship in the arguments over three-year mourning and come up with common ground between those arguments. 이 논문은 『논어』 삼년상 논쟁의 중요 쟁점을 논하고, 공자와 재아의 대립적인 입장의 함의와 그 절충의 가능성을 모색해보고자 한다. 상례문화는 시대와 국가를 막론하고 중요한 의식으로 인식된다. 죽음은 삶의 한 부분이며, 죽음을 애도하고 고인을 기리는 상례는 마지막 여정으로의 관문을 의미한다. 따라서 상례 규범이 가지고 있는 가치는 매우 특별하다. 상례란 누군가가 살아왔던 삶의 기간을 압축하여 단시간에 요약하는 과정이라고 할 수가 있다. 상례를 제정하고 실행하는 일은 국가적으로 매우 중요한 관심사였으며, 고대 중국의 경우도 예외일 수가 없었다. 공자는 상을 치를 경우 ‘삼년상’이라는 특수한 기간을 설정한다. 이 기간은 자식이 태어나서 부모의 보살핌을 받고, 자식은 다시 부모의 마지막을 보살펴주는 순환의 의미를 담고 있다. 하지만 『논어』에서 공자는 자신의 제자인 재아사이에서 삼년상 논쟁의 갈등이 발생하는데, 여기에서 우리는 예부터 삼년상이 매우 중요한 논쟁거리였다는 것을 짐작할 수 있다. 공자는 ‘효’를 기반으로 한 ‘정감’을 중요시했다면 재아는 사회의 공익성을 추구했다고 볼 수가 있다. 이러한 논쟁은 현재에도 통용되는 시사점을 안겨주고 있다. 우리가 어떠한 약속을 하거나 기간을 설정할 때, 어디까지가 기준에 부합하고 합리적인지 적절한 합의점에 도달하기 쉽지 않다. 왜냐하면, 기준의 경계가 단순히 숫자나 양의 문제는 아니기 때문이다. 필자는 공자와 재아의 주장이 가지고 있는 논거의 근거와 기준을 탐구하고 타협의 지점을 찾을 수 있는지 검토해보겠다.

배양된 사람 세포를 이용해 제작한 인공피부에서 방사선조사에 대한 dimethyl sulfoxide의 보호 효과

류영하,최갑식,송인환,Ryu Young-Ha,Choi Karp-Shik,Song In-Hwan 대한영상치의학회 2002 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.32 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate cultured human artificial skin as an experimental model for studying radiation effects in vitro. Materials and Methods: The skin was constructed by culturing keratinocytes over collagen lattice which made by culturing fibroblasts. Two groups were irradiated to gamma rays at single dose of 25 Gy with or without 3.5% of DMSO. Ultrastructures were investigated by electron microscopy after irradiation. The number of epidermal layers and expression of cytokeratin (CK) 14 & 10 were also seem by light microscopy. Results: At 2 days after irradiation in experimental group without DMSO, necrotic cells were rarely found in the spinosal layer and undercornified cells were visible in the homey layer. Similar findings were also found in experimental group with DMSO but in mild form. The number of epidermal layers in experimental group without DMSO were significantly fewer than other group. CK 14 expressed in all the layer excluding homey layer but CK 10 expressed over 3∼4 basal layers. Such patterns of CK expression were similar to all groups. It is suggested that structures of the keratinocytes and epidermal formation could be disturbed by irradiation in artificial skin and that DMSO can protect these damages. Conclusion : Therefore this work could be used as an organotypic experimental model in vitro using human cells for studying radiation effect in skin. Furthermore structural findings provided in this study could be used as useful basic data in further study using this model.

호산구성 폐렴으로 생각되었던 폐암 1예

류영하,이관호,정진홍,신경철,최은영 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

P-49 Prevalence of pulmonary diseases of An-Sim fuel complexes nearby residents

류영하,이관호,정진홍,신경철,진현정,최은영 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2016 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.121 No.-

Background: Pulmonary diseases such as Pneumoconiosis and COPD are one of important environmental and occupational diseases, which makes progressive and irreversible clinical changes. National Institute of Environmental Reasearch surveyed pulmonary diseases on An-Sim fuel complexes(industry of coal) in Daegu, Korea to find out patients who live nearby 1km of fuel complexes and age over 40 year-old, live over 20 years. They were not coal workers, just nearby residents. Methods: National Institute of Environmental Reasearch cross-sectionaly surveyed 2,980 residents living near An-Sim fuel complexes. Chest X-ray(n=2,980) and pulmonary function test(n=658) were performed as screening. Among residents who had abnormal results in chest x-ray underwent Chest CT scan(n=210). Results: We found out 167 patients and follow them up from 1 January 2015 to 31 August 2016. Among them COPD shows the highest prevalence (N=145, 22%). Second highest prevalence was Pneumoconiosis (N=22, 0.7%). Men were much more likely affected then women. Conclusion: Prevalence of COPD were 22%(n=145) and pneumoconiosis were 0.7%(n=22). Without occupational history, being nearby residents is risk factor in developing pulmonary diseases such as pneumoconiosis and COPD. Government and reginal medical center should pay more attention to monitor industry that produces harmful dusts.

구내표준방사선사진 촬영법에 따른 치아길이의 변화

류영하,최갑식,이상한 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1990 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The study was desinged to determine the tooth length variation according to the intraoral radiographic techniques and film holding methods. Four hundred and fourty eight standard radiographs were obtained by 4 groups of radiographic techniques and film holding methods. Four groups were ; Group A : Bisecting-angle technique with Rinn BAI Group B : Bisecting-angle technique with Rinn Snap-A-ray Group C : Paralleling technique with Rinn XCP instrument Group D : Bisecting-angle technique with operater's fingers The effects of radiographic techniques and film holding methods upon the prediction of tooth length for all major types of teeth were evaluated. The obtained results were as follows : · The paralleling techique using the Rinn XCP film holder had the smallest difference between actual tooth leght and radiographic tooth length. · The difference between actual tooth length and radiographic tooth length in bisecting angle techiques was the smallest in the technique using Rinn BAI. · In compare techique using Rinn XCP with techique using Rinn BAI, there was no significant difference. J. Kyungpook Univ. Sch. Dent. Vol. 7, No. 1,111∼119,1990

Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria in Daegu, Korea : 6 year restrospective study

류영하,신경철 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2018 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.126 No.0

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection associated with pulmonary disease has been increasing globally. But prevalence, diversity of NTM species in South Korea is not well known. This retrospective study was performed to clarify regional characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Daegu, a metropolitan area in the southern part of South Korea. Methods: Respiratory specimens from NTM and TB patients from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 40,095 sputum culture specimens from 22,366 patients was colledted from 2012 to 2017. 2804 patients were shown to be AFB culture-positive. 57.1% (1600/2804) of patients were positive for TB, and 42.9% (1204/2804) for NTM. Among 1204 NTM cultures, species identification was requested for 889 patients (73.8%). 87 patient’s AFB culture specimens was contaminated, final species identification was done from 812 patients (67.4%) of 1204 NTM culture positive patients. Twelve species of NTM were isolated. The most common species was Mycoplasma avium comples (MAC, 78.8%), followed by mycoplasma abscessus complex (MABC, 6.7%), M. kansasii (3.6%). Conclusion: The rates of NTM cultures from all AFB culture positive patients were increased annually. The data on the overall diversity of each species did not differ from data of whole South Korea. MAC is the most common NTM species in South Korea, but in Dague, the rate of MAC(78.8%) is especially higher than other cities.

구로사와 아키라 <살다>와 알베르 카뮈의 『이방인』 속 부조리 비교 고찰

류영하 인문예술학회 2020 인문과 예술 Vol.- No.9

In this paper, I would like to examine the existential struggle of the two main characters, one from Akira Kurosawa’s “Living” and the other one from Albert Camus’s The Stranger, facing the absurdities of the world. These two works have the potential to offer existential answers to Camus’ question: “Is life worth living?” We can also think of two works in these questions, comparing the meaning of life and death. “Living” solves the actual issues which social absurdities and death have with a great deal of attraction. The main character experiences the meaning of sufficient existence while seeking a compromise with the community. In this regard, we can sympathize with and respect the main character. Camus’s The Stranger describes the inevitable situation of the character and his mental state that is far from reality. Through the character’s shocking behavior, the existence of human, which is not easily explained by the rule of everyday life, is revealed more effectively. 이 글에서 필자는 구로사와 아키라의 <살다(生きる)>와 알베르 카뮈의 『이방인(L’Étranger)』 속 세상의 부조리에 직면한 두 주인공의 실존적 투쟁을 살펴보고자 한다. 두 작품은 “인생이란 살 만한 가치가 있는가?”라는 카뮈의 물음에 대한 실존적 해답을 제시할 가능성을 가지고 있다. 또한 우리는 이런 질문에서 삶과 죽음의 의미를 빗대어 두 작품을 생각해볼 수 있다. <살다>는 사회의 부조리와 죽음이라는 현실 문제를 흡입력 있게 풀어나간다. 주인공은 공동체와의 타협점을 모색하면서 충분한 실존의 의미를 경험한다. 그런 점에서 우리는 주인공을 공감하고 존중할 수 있다. 이방인은 세상의 부조리 속에서 그럴 수밖에 없는 주인공의 상황, 현실에 동떨어져 있는 주인공의 심리를 묘사하고 있다. 주인공의 충격적인 행위를 통해 일상의 규칙으로서 쉽게 설명되지 않는 인간의 실존을 보다 효과적으로 드러낼 수 있었다.