An Approach to Identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Period Circadian Clock 3 (PER3) Gene and Proposed Functional Associations with Exercise Training in a Thoroughbred Horse

Kyoung-Tag Do(도경탁),Byung-Wook Cho(조병욱) 한국생명과학회 2015 생명과학회지 Vol.25 No.11

주기성 시계 유전자 3(period circadian clock gene 3, PER3)는 포유류에서 생물학적 주기 타이밍 시스템의 역할을 수행 한다. 이 유전자는 규칙적인 운동 체계에 의해 근육에서 전사 개시 되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 인간과 마우스에서는 본 유전자에 대해 잘 알려져 있지만, 주기 및 연주기 동안 낮의 길이에 영향을 많이 받는 말에서 운동연관 연구는 존재하지 않는다. 운동 시 근육의 기능에 중요한 역할을 하는 PER3 유전자에 대해 대표적인 경주마인 국내산 더러브렛 품종의 운동 전과 운동 후 유전자 발현을 분석하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 골격근에서 PER3 유전자의 발현은 운동 전에 비해 운동 후에 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 인실리코상에서 4개의 비동의성 단일 염기 변이(non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism, nsSNP) 분석과 이러한 nsSNP의 단백질 구조 및 기능 분석 결과, 전체 자유 에너지와 RMSD 값은 돌연변이의 원인이 될 수 있음으로 나타났다. 이 중, nsSNP–s395916798 (G72R)은 구조적 기능적 측면에서 중요한 잔기의 안정화 효과와 연관된 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 운동에 따라 더러브렛 골격근 내 PER3 발현 차이는 운동이라는 표현형에 대표될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, SNP의 조합을 활용하여 운동 후 경주마의 조기 회복의 평가 지표로써 유용한 바이오마커가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. The period circadian clock gene 3 (PER3) plays a role in the mammalian circadian clocksystem. A regular exercise regime may affect the PER3 transcription in skeletal muscle. Although the effects of day length on circadian and circannual processes are well established in humans and mice, the influence of exercise on these processes in the horse has not been investigated. The present study investigated the expression of the PER3 gene following exercise in a thoroughbred breed of Korean horse. In addition, a comprehensive in silico nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) analysis of the horse PER3 gene and predicted effects of nsSNPs on proteins were examined. The expression of PER3 in skeletal muscle was significantly upregulated after exercise. Four nsSNPs were functionally annotated and analyzed by computational prediction. The total free energy and RMSD values of PER3 gene showed causative mutations. The results showed that nsSNP s395916798 (G72R) was associated with residues that have stabilizing effects on structure and function of PER3 gene. This study documented role of PER3 gene in phenotypic adaptation related to exercise in skeletal muscle. Further, the SNPs in PER3 could serve as useful biomarkers of early recovery after exercise in racehorses.

국내 승용마의 체형상관에 따른 품종별 비교 분석

오운용,도경탁,조병욱,박경도,김성훈,이학교,신영수,조영석,Oh, Woon-Yong,Do, Kyoung-Tag,Cho, Byung-Wook,Park, Kyung-Do,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Lee, Hak-Kyo,Shin, Young-Soo,Cho, Young-Seuk 한국데이터정보과학회 2011 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.22 No.3

'말산업육성법' 제정에 따라 국내 승마산업의 저변확대를 위해 자질이 우수한 국내산 승용마 생산 및 개량에 대한 연구가 절실히 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내에서 승용마로 활용되고 있는 3품종 (웜블러드, 더러브렛, 제주산마) 32두에 대해 12항목의 체형을 측정하여, 측정자료를 바탕으로 판별분석을 실시한 결과 81.3%가 정확하게 분류되는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 체구성 분석을 통한 말의 유형 (경주마, 승용마, 재활치료마, 역용마, 비육마) 및 승용마 외모 심사를 판단하는 모형 개발에 기초자료로 활용될 것이며 이는 향후 3D 영상촬영측정치를 활용한 한국형 승용마 생산 및 개량화 연구에 활용될 것으로 사료된다. There are increasing demands for the producing and breeding new domestic riding horses for the vitalizations of horse riding industry in Korea, according as 'Horse Industry Support Act' became. In this study, we were to develop the functional relation through the conformation comparison & body composition analysis. 76 heads of 5 breeds utilized for riding horses in Korea were used and their body measurements on 12 items were measured and cluster analysis was conducted to determine the correlation relation among them. The measurements were standardized that (height, croup height, pelvis length), and (hip width, width of pelvis) were highly correlated. In these results of the decision tree, we confirmed to classify the breed type determination by their body measurements (hip height, hip width, head length, croup height). This result can be used as basic data for the development of horse type determination (racing, riding, Riding for the Disabled, Working, or fattening) through the analysis of body composition, and be utilized as the basic data for the producing and breeding new domestic riding horses through the 3D Stereosocpic image system analyze.

단일염기다형성 정보를 이용한 국내 홀스타인 젖소의 유효집단 크기 추정

조광현,도경탁,박경도,Cho, Kwang-Hyun,Do, Kyoung-Tag,Park, Kyung-Do 한국데이터정보과학회 2017 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구는 홀스타인 젖소, 923두에 대한 단일염기다형성 (SNP) 42,201개를 이용하여 국내 젖소집단의 유전적 특성 및 유효집단크기를 조사하고자 실시하였다. 염색체별 인접 단일염기다형성간의 평균 연관불평형 ($r^2$)은 0.22로 추정되었으며, 14번 염색체 (0.26)에서 가장 높은 반면, 27번 염색체 (0.17)에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. SNP간의 물리적 거리가 25Kb 미만인 경우에서 $r^2$은 $0.31{\pm}0.33$으로 추정되었으며, SNP간 물리적 거리가 증가할수록 $r^2$은 현저히 감소하였다. SNP간 물리적 거리가 2.5Mb 이상에서의 $r^2$은 0.04로 25Kb 미만인 경우와 비교할 때 0.27 (87.1%) 감소하였다. 국내 홀스타인 젖소의 유효집단크기는 세대수와 비례하여 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 1~5세대에서 110두로 추정되었다. In this study, we investigated the genetic characteristics and the effective population size of domestic dairy cattle using 42,201 SNPs for 923 heads of Holstein cattle. The estimate for the average linkage disequilibrium ($r^2$) among the adjacent SNPs by chromosome was 0.22, and it was highest (0.26) in chromosome 14 and lowest (0.17) in chromosome 27. When the physical distance among SNPs was less than 25Kb, the estimate for the average $r^2$ was $0.31{\pm}0.33$ and it was markedly decreased as the physical distance increased. When the physical distance among SNPs was larger than 25Mb, the estimate for the average $r^2$ was 0.04, and it decreased by 0.27 (87.1%) compared with case of physical distance of less than 25Kb. There was a trend that the effective population size in Holstein dairy cattle decreased over generations and the estimate for the effective population size in the first 5 generations (1~5th generation) was 110 heads.

Complete genome sequence of Herbaspirillum sp. meg3 isolated from soil

김예은,도경탁,운노 타쯔야,박수제,Kim, Ye-Eun,Do, Kyoung-Tag,Unno, Tatsuya,Park, Soo-Je The Microbiological Society of Korea 2017 미생물학회지 Vol.53 No.4

Betaproteobacteria에 속하는 Herbaspirillum sp. meg3을 제주도 토양으로부터 분리하였다. 본 연구에서는 대략 5.47 Mb의 크기와 57.1%의 평균 G + C 함량을 가진 meg3 균주의 완전한 유전체를 보고한다. 유전체는 4,816개의 코딩 서열, 9개의 리보솜 RNA 및 51개의 전사 RNA 유전자가 존재하며, 두 개의 불완전한 프로파지 영역이 발견되었다. 또한 유전체 분석 결과는 meg3 균주가 방향족 화합물에 대한 분해능을 가지고 있음을 제시하고 있다. Herbaspirillum sp. meg3 belonging to Betaproteobacteria was isolated from soil in Jeju island. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain meg3 with a size of approximately 5.47 Mb and a mean G + C content of 57.1%. The genome included 4,816 coding sequences, and 9 ribosomal RNA and 51 transfer RNA genes. In the genome, two incomplete prophage regions have been identified. Also, we propose that strain meg3 has a potential capability for aromatic-compounds degradation based on the result of genome analysis.

Draft genome sequence of Streptococcus sp. strain NM isolated from head and neck cancer patients

김영석,도경탁,박수제,Kim, Young Suk,Do, Kyoung-Tag,Park, Soo-Je The Microbiological Society of Korea 2019 미생물학회지 Vol.55 No.1

Firmicutes에 속하는 Streptococcus sp. strain NM을 두경부암 환자로부터 분리하였다. 본 연구에서는 약1.90 Mb의 크기와 39.3%의 평균 G+C 함량을 가진 NM 균주의 비완전한 유전체를 보고한다. 유전체는 1,845개의 코딩서열, 12개의 리보솜 RNA 및 58개의 전사 RNA유전자를 포함하였다. 본 유전체로 부터, 항생제내성, 용혈 및 방어시스템과 관련된 유전자들이 확인되었다. Streptococcus sp. strain NM belonging to Firmicutes was isolated from head and neck cancer patients. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain NM with a size of approximately 1.90 Mbp and a mean G+C content of 39.3%. The draft genome included 1,845 coding sequences, and 12 ribosomal RNA and 58 transfer RNA genes. In the draft genome, genes involved in the antimicrobial resistance, hemolysis and defense system have been identified.

노화촉진마우스의 텔로미어 함량 분석

이미랑(Mi-Rang Lee),도경탁(Kyoung-Tag Do),한정주(Jyung-Ju Han),문소현(So-Hyun Moon),강한석(Han-Seok Kang),김선구(Seon-Ku Kim),신택순(Teak-Soon Shin),이홍구(Hong-Goo Lee),황대연(Dae-Yon Hwang),김용균(Yong-Gyun Kim),손시환(Sea-Hwan Soh 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.10

Telomeres, comprised of tandem repeats of TTAGGG sequences, are special nucleoprotein structures that protect and stabilize chromosome ends. These structures form the crux of the telomere concept of aging, senescence and genomic instability. The classic terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis to quantify the amount of telomeric DNA is disadvantageous in species containing ultra long telomeres like in mice (100Kb). In this study, we used a more sensitive quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q FISH) technique to quantify telomeric DNA, and used it as a biological aging marker in mice. 12 litters each of Senescence-Resistant (SAMR1) and ?Prone (SAMP1) known as senescence accelerated mouse strains were purchased from Central Lab, Animal Inc. We quantified the amount of telomeric DNA using telomere specific DNA probes on the two strains of male mice at 8 weeks, 18 weeks and 26 weeks of age. The amount of telomeric DNA correlated with aging and age associated changes in body and organ weight between SAMR1 and SAMP1 strains of mice. These data suggest the usefulness of the amount of telomeric DNA as a biological aging marker in human aging studies.

국내 폐광산 및 제주 곶자왈 지역내의 미생물 분리 및 특징 분석

김예은,고현우,김소정,도경탁,박수제,Kim, Ye-Eun,Koh, Hyeon-Woo,Kim, So-Jeong,Do, Kyoung-Tag,Park, Soo-Je 한국미생물학회 2017 미생물학회지 Vol.53 No.4

호산성미생물은 pH가 낮은 환경에서 살아가는 미생물로서 산화, 환원 반응을 통하여, 금속을 포함한 물질들의 순환에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는, 국내의 폐광산 및 제주 곶자왈 지역의 산성토양으로부터 배양을 통해 50여 종 이상의 미생물을 분리하였으며, 분자계통학적 분석을 통하여 최종, Gammaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 6종, Actinobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 5종, Betaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 4종, Alphaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 2종, Bacilli 강에 속하는 미생물 2종을 얻을 수 있었다. 이들은 공통적으로 낮은 pH의 조건에서 살아가는 미생물임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확보한 산성토양내의 미생물들의 생리적 특징은 앞으로의 다양한 국내 미생물 자원의 활용에 기초적인 지식을 제공할 것으로 기대된다. Most of acidophiles are found in the various low pH environments and affect to metal cycle through oxidation and reduction reactions. The present study was carried out above 50 strains as acidophiles isolated from acidic soils of exhausted mine and Jeju Gotjawal. Finally, total 19 strains obtained and were tentatively identified based on comparative similarity analysis for 16S rRNA gene sequence and physiological characterizations. These isolates belonged to Gammaproteobacteria (6 strains), Actinobacteria (5 strains), Betaproteobacteria (4 strains), Alphaproteobacteria (2 strains), and Bacilli (2 strains). We observed that these isolates can grow under low pH culture condition. This case study for analysis physiological characterizations of indigenous microorganisms in acidic soil might provide basic information on useful application.

쌍화탕 급성독성에 대한 안전성 연구

마진열(Jin Yeul Ma),박대훈(Dae-Hun Park),박경수(Kyeong Soo Park),도경탁(Kyoung Tag Do),신현규(Hyun Kyoo Shin) 한국한의학연구원 2007 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.13 No.1

SsangHwaTang has been traditionally prescribed a medicine as a restorative. In this study, We investigated the acute toxicity about water-extracted SsangHwaTang Twenty-five mice completed 14 days of oral SsangHwaTang at the respective doses of 0(control group), 2560, 3200, 4000 and 5000㎎/㎏. And then we observed survival rates, general toxicity, change of body weight, and autopsy. Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (2560, 3200, 4000 and 5000㎎/㎏). In conclusion, LD50 of SsangHwaTang was over 5000㎎/㎏ and it is very safe to ICR mice.

초보자 승마운동 시 완충고삐 사용을 통한 말의 스트레스 완화에 관한 연구

정현아 ( Hyun Ah Chung ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김준규 ( Joon Gyu Kim ),도경탁 ( Kyoung-tag Do ),김병선 ( Byung Sun Kim ) 한국축산학회 2022 축산기술과 산업 Vol.9 No.1

During equestrian exercise, communication between riders and horses is very important, and riders’ appropriate signals without any disturbance for the horses’ proper movements are required. Therefore, horses may get different stress depending on the rider’s riding balance, posture, and proficiency. This study was conducted to confirm the difference in the stress of horses between the beginner’s riding and the expert’s riding, additionally, to prove the effectiveness of buffer rein reducing stress even when beginners ride. Average heart rate (HR) was measured for five minutes in stages with a walk, and HR variability (HRV) were measured for three minutes in stages with both rising trot and sitting trot. HRV variables include root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), standard deviation of normal to normal interval (SDNN), and ratio of low to high frequency components of a continuous series of heartbeats (low-frequency [LF]/high-frequency [HF]). The study involved 6 horses that underwent routine husbandry procedures. The average HR did not show a difference among groups in all exercise stages includes walk, rising trot, and sitting trot. RMSSDs showed lower values for the sitting trot when the beginner rides compared to the expert’s riding (p < 0.05), which means the stress was more increased when beginners ride. On the other hand, when beginners ride using buffer reins, the RMSSD was increased in all exercise stages compared to the case of using regular reins. SDNN was increased when the beginners ride using buffer reins in the rising trot (p < 0.05), which means the stress was more relieved. Ratio of low to high frequency components of a continuous series of heartbeats was not different among groups, but it showed decreased value when beginners use buffer reins rather than regular reins. In this study, it was confirmed that beginners induce more stress on horses than experts during riding exercise and that the use of the buffer reins by beginners more reduces the riding stress of horses compared to when they use regular reins.

유전 및 육종 : 젖소 국제유전능력 평가를 위한 종모우별 다형질 Effective Daughter Contribution 추정

조광현 ( Kwang Hyun Cho ),최태정 ( Tae Jeong Choi ),조충일 ( Chung Il Cho ),박경도 ( Kyung Do Park ),도경탁 ( Kyoung Tag Do ),오재돈 ( Jae Don Oh ),이학교 ( Hak Kyo Lee ),공홍식 ( Hoong Sik Kong ),이준호 ( Joon Ho Lee ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the basic concept of multiple trait effective daughter contribution(MTEDC) for dairy cattle sires and calculate effective daughter contribution(EDC) by applying a five lactation multiple trait model using milk yield test records of daughters for the Multiple-trait Across Country Evaluation(MACE). Milk yield data and pedigree information of 301,551 cows that were the progeny of 2,046 Korean and imported dairy bulls were collected from the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation and used in this study. For MTEDC approximation, the reliability of the breeding value was separated based on parents average, own yield deviation and mate adjusted progeny contribution. EDC was then calculated by lactation using these reliabilities. The average number of recorded daughters per sire by lactations were 140.57, 94.24, 55.14, 29.20 and 14.06 from the first to fifth lactation, respectively. However, the average EDC per sire by lactation using the five lactation multiple trait model was 113.49, 89.28, 73.56, 54.02 and 35.08 from the first to fifth lactation, respectively, while the decrease of EDC in late lactations was comparably lower than the average number of recorded daughters per sire. These findings indicate that the availability of daughters without late lactation records is increased by genetic correlation using the multiple trait model. Owing to the relatedness between the EDC and reliability of the estimated breeding value for sire, understanding the MTEDC algorithm and continuous monitoring of EDC is required for correct MACE application of the five lactation multiple trait model.