Nutrient Digestibility and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Castrated Goats (Capra hircus) Fed Various Roughage Sources

나영준,황석진,최용준,박기태,이상락,Na, Youngjun,Hwang, Seokjin,Choi, Yongjun,Park, Geetae,Lee, Sangrak The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2018 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various roughage sources on nutrient digestibility and enteric methane ($CH_4$), and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) production in goats. Four castrated black goats ($48.5{\pm}0.6kg$) were individually housed in environmentally controlled respiration-metabolism chambers. The experiment design was a $4{\times}4$ balanced Latin square design with 4 roughage types and 4 periods. Alfalfa, tall fescue, rice straw, and corn silage was used as representative of legume, grass, straw, and silage, respectively. Dry matter digestibility was higher (p < 0.001) in corn silage than in alfalfa hay. Dry matter digestibility of alfalfa hay was higher than those of tall fescue or rice straw (p < 0.001). Neutral detergent fiber digestibility of tall fescue was lower (p < 0.001) than those of alfalfa, rice straw, or corn silage. Daily enteric $CH_4$ production and the daily enteric $CH_4$ production per kilogram of $BW^{0.75}$, dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), digested DMI, and digested OMI of rice straw did not differ from those of tall fescue but were higher (p < 0.001) than those of alfalfa or corn silage. Roughage type had no effect on enteric $CO_2$ emission in goats. Straw appeared to generate more enteric $CH_4$ production than legume or silage, but similar to grass.

Effects of dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio on nutrient digestibility and enteric methane production in growing goats (Capra hircus hircus) and Sika deer (Cervus nippon hortulorum)

나영준,이동화,이상락 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.7

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of forage-to-concentrate (F:C) ratio on the nutrient digestibility and enteric methane (CH4) emission in growing goats and Sika deer. Methods: Three male growing goats (body weight [BW] = 19.0±0.7 kg) and three male growing deer (BW = 19.3±1.2 kg) were respectively allotted to a 3×3 Latin square design with an adaptation period of 7 d and a data collection period of 3 d. Respiration-metabolism chambers were used for measuring the enteric CH4 emission. Treatments of low (25:75), moderate (50:50), and high (73:27) F:C ratios were given to both goats and Sika deer. Results: Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility decreased linearly with increasing F:C ratio in both goats and Sika deer. In both goats and Sika deer, the CH4 emissions expressed as g/d, g/kg BW0.75, % of gross energy intake, g/kg DM intake (DMI), and g/kg OM intake (OMI) decreased linearly as the F:C ratio increased, however, the CH4 emissions expressed as g/kg digested DMI and OMI were not affected by the F:C ratio. Eight equations were derived for predicting the enteric CH4 emission from goats and Sika deer. For goat, equation 1 was found to be of the highest accuracy: CH4 (g/d) = 3.36+4.71×DMI (kg/d)–0.0036×neutral detergent fiber concentrate (NDFC, g/kg)+0.01563×dry matter digestibility (DMD, g/kg)–0.0108×neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD, g/kg). For Sika deer, equation 5 was found to be of the highest accuracy: CH4 (g/d) = 66.3+27.7×DMI (kg/d)–5.91×NDFC (g/kg)–7.11× DMD (g/kg)+0.0809×NDFD (g/kg). Conclusion: Digested nutrient intake could be considered when determining the CH4 generation factor in goats and Sika deer. Finally, the enteric CH4 prediction model for goats and Sika deer were estimated.

패치형 초음파 혈류계의 안전성 및 성능평가 가이드라인 개발 연구

나영준,정재훈,김성민 한국에프디시규제과학회(구 한국에프디시법제학회) 2022 FDC법제연구 Vol.17 No.1

유기 조사료 급여 농가의 영양소 균형 및 유생산성 평가

나영준,신기문,임종수,방제용,이상락,Na, Y.J.,Shin, K.M.,Rim, J.S.,Bang, J.W.,Lee, S.R. 한국초지조사료학회 2016 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.36 No.2

전라북도 고창 조사 지역 내 유기 낙농 농가 수는 연도가 지남에 따라 증가하지 않았지만, 전체적인 사육규모와 사육두수는 증가하였다. 연 평균 유량은 국내 검정 농가 평균에 비해 유기 낙농가가 최대 9 kg/d가 낮았지만 유지방과 유단백 함량에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. NRC (2001)의 사양표준 프로그램을 이용하여 영양소 공급 수준을 평가한 결과, 급여 사료의 에너지 비율 특히 비구조탄수화물의 비율을 감소시킬 필요가 있으며, 또한 대사단백질 및 섬유소 비율을 증가시켜 전체적인 영양소 공급 수준을 조정한다면 착유우의 건강상태 및 유생산성이 개선될 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to evaluate the milk productivity and nutrient balance in organic dairy farms located at Gochang-gun of Korea with different feed sources. The total number of organic dairy farms was 12 in 2012, 13 in 2013, and 14 in 2014. The numbers of farms and dairy herds were increased each year. The average milk yields in 2012, 2013, and 2014 were 25.5, 24.6, and 24.4 kg/d, respectively. The average milk fat contents in 2012, 2013, and 2014 were 3.5%, 3.6%, and 3.7%, respectively. The average milk protein contents in 2012, 2013, and 2014 were 3.3%, 3.4%, and 3.4% in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. Although the average milk yield of organic dairy farms was 9 kg/cows/d less than the average milk yield of other dairy farms in Korea, milk fat and protein contents of organic dairy farms were higher than those of other dairy farms. Alfalfa hay, oat hay, corn silage, rye grass silage, Sudan grass silage, rice straw, and barley silage were commonly used as forage sources in organic dairy farms. The average silage intake (15.6 kg/cow/d) of organic dairy farms in 2013 was higher (P < 0.05), while the average hay intake (5.1 kg/cow/d) in 2014 was higher (P < 0.05) than that of other feed intake. Net energy for lactation ($NE_L$) and metabolizable protein (MP) were calculated in accordance with NRC (2001). Net energy for lactation intake was higher (P < 0.05) while MP intake was lower (P < 0.05) than NRC recommendation values in 2013 and 2014. These results indicate that domestic organic dairy farms should use feed considering energy and protein balance recommended by NRC.

국내 이용 주요 조사료원의 영양소 함량 및 반추위 In situ 소실율 평가

나영준,이경원,홍경희,임종수,김명화,김경훈,이상락,Na, Young Jun,Lee, Kyung Won,Hong, Kyung Hee,Lim, Jong Soo,Kim, Myeong Hwa,Kim, Kyeong Hoon,Lee, Sang Rak 한국초지조사료학회 2013 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.33 No.4

This study is conducted to estimate the nutrient compositions and in-situ ruminal disappearancerates of roughage sources which are commonly used in South Korea. Twelve types of roughage sources are being selected based on surveys from more than 50 farms, and 12 samples from various farms and companies are collected and analyzed for their nutritive components and minerals. Two Hanwoo steers (BW $526{\pm}14$ kg) with ruminal cannula are used to investigate in situ ruminal degradability. Five roughage sources, timothy hay, alfalfa pellet, rice straw, klein grass hay and tall fescue straw, are all selected from 12 roughage sources above for further experiments. Overall, the nutrient components and minerals from the 12 roughage sources have shown low values when comparing with standard tables of feed compositions in Korea. In situ dry matter disappearance rate is recorded as high in order of klein grass, timothy, alfalfa pellet, tall fescue and rice straw. In situ crude protein disappearance rate is high in order of alfalfa pellet, klein grass, timothy, tall fescue and rice straw. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 반추가축에게 주로 이용되는 조사료원들의 영양소 함량 및 반추위 in situ 소실율을 평가하기 위해서 수행하였다. 착유우 30두 이상의 50여개 농가를 대상으로 조사한 결과를 토대로 선정한 12종류의 조사료를 다양한 수입원을 고려하여 확보한 다음, 주요 영양소 성분과 미네랄을 분석하였다. 또한 그 중 5개의 조사료원(티모시, 알팔파펠렛, 볏짚, 클라인글라스 및 톨페스큐)을 선정하여 반추위 cannula가 장착된 거세 한우 2두(평균체중 $526{\pm}14$ kg)를 이용하여 반추위 in-situ 소실율을 평가하였다. 조사한 조사료원들의 영양소 함량은 한국표준사료성분분석표에 비하여 전반적으로 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 최종 반추위 in-situ 건물 소실율은 클라인글라스가 가장 높게 나타났으며 티모시, 알팔파 펠렛, 톨 페스큐, 볏짚 순으로 낮아졌다. 최종 조단백질 소실율은 알팔파 펠렛이 가장 높았으며 클라인 글라스, 티모시, 톨페스큐, 볏짚 순으로 높게 나타났다.

다중 누진제 도입을 통한 피크 부하 감소

나영준(Young-Jun Na),최낙현(Nak-Hyun Choi),권상혁(Sang-Hyuk Kwon),윤용태(Yong-Tae Yoon),이상성(Sang-Sung Lee) 대한전기학회 2009 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.7

에너지 절약은 매우 큰 이슈이다. 현재 우리나라에서는 요금체계에 누진율을 적용함으로써 전기에너지 절약을 실현하고 있다. 하지만 에너지 소모를 증가시키는 피크부하 발생을 억제하기에는 부족한 면이 많다. 이러한 점을 보완하기 위하여 역 누진제를 추가로 적용한 다중 누진제를 제시한다. 피크부하 발생을 억제하면서 기존의 이윤을 유지하는 방안을 마련한다. 밤에 역 누진제를 적용함으로써 밤의 전력사용량을 증가시키고 낮의 전력 사용량을 감소시켜서 시간별 전력 수요편차를 줄이고 낮의 기존 누진제 체계에 선형적인 요금 증가로 역 누진제 사용에 의한 이윤 감소를 어느정도 보충할 것이다. 이러한 방법을 통하여 피크부하 발생을 줄이고 결과적으로 에너지 절약을 실현할 것이다.

EVAR (EndoVascular Aneurysm Repair) 시행시 Type Ia Endoleak이 발생하는 복부대동맥류(Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm ; AAA) 환자에 대해 EndoAnchor System을 이용한 성공적인 치료 (증례보고)

나영준(NA YOUNGJUN),심형수(SIM HYUNGSOO),김진수(KIM JINSOO),황규섭(HWANG GYUSUB),이기배(LEE KIBAE),주승문(JOO SEUNGMOON),이광훈(LEE KWANGHOON) 대한인터벤션영상기술학회 2019 대한인터벤션영상기술학회지 Vol.22 No.1

목적 : 복부 대동맥류(Abdomen Aorta Aneurysm; AAA)를 치료하는 EVAR (EndoVascular Aneurysm Repair)는 환자에게 효과적이고 안전하며 최소 침습적인 치료법이나 제한적인 적응증(Indication)으로 인하여 모든 AAA 환자들에게 적용 가능한 시술은 아니다. Type Ia Endoleak의 원인이 되는 제한적인 Hostile neck Anatomy에 대한 적응증을 어느 정도 극복하게 해주는 EndoAnchor System을 이용한 EVAR 환자의 Case의 성공한 사례를 소개하고 그 유용성에 대해 보고 하고자 한다. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is an effective, safe, and minimally invasive treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). However, It is not applicable procedure for all AAA patients because of limited indications. We report a successful case of EVAR patient using EndoAnchor System which can overcome indications for limited hostile neck anatomy causing Type Ia endoleak and report its usefulness.

광대싸리, 흰가루병균(病菌) Microsphaera securinegae의 무성세대(無性世代) 특징(特徵)

신현동,나영준 한국식물병리학회 1991 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.7 No.1

인스턴트 커피찌꺼기 혼합 깔짚이 우사 내 악취 발생에 미치는 영향

최용준,강효곤,하연제,박소연,나영준,이상락 (사)한국축산환경학회 2022 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.24 No.2

This study was conducted to determine the effect of spent instant coffee grounds (SICG) on odor emission characteristics as bedding material in the sawdust bedded pack barn of Hanwoo farm. Two experiments were performed on the five treatments (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of SICG, on a lab scale) and four treatments (0, 25, 50, and 75% of SICG, on a field trial). Chemical composition, moisture absorption ability, water holding capacity, odor intensity, and odor dilution drainage were analyzed to evaluate the effect of SICG on odor emission characteristics as bedding material in the sawdust bedded pack barn. As increasing SICG mixing ratios in the sawdust bedded pack barn, moisture absorption ability was linearly decreased (p < 0.001), and water holding capacity was quadratically decreased (p = 0.001). Odor intensity was the lowest shown in SICG 25% group (p = 0.002) during a lab-scale experiment and odor dilution drainage was the lowest shown in SICG 25% group (p < 0.05) during a field trial. Therefore, SICG considers that a good choice as functional bedding material in livestock farms, and it could help to reduce odor material in the sawdust-bedded pack barn.

가금폐사체 사료화를 위한 최적 처리 온도 및 열처리 시간 연구

최용준,김흥순,이상락,안지연,나영준,이은채 (사)한국축산환경학회 2021 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.23 No.1

This study was conducted to study optimal treatment temperature and heat treatment time to utilize poultry carcass as a feed ingredient. Experiment was performed to decide a critical control point using lab-scale analysis under various conditions. To decide a critical treatment temperature and heat treatment time, the experiment was performed at four different temperatures (100, 140, 180, and 220°C) in a completely randomized design and sampling was performed at 0, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h. Dry matter (DM), pepsin digestibility, salmonella, coliform, fungi, aflatoxin, and ochratoxin were analyzed to determine the potential of the heat-processed chicken carcass as a feed ingredient. It has been found that the optimum drying temperature was 140°C (p < 0.05) and it took about 4 h to reach to 95% DM content except for the treatment at 100°C (p < 0.05). Pepsin digestibility of treatment temperature at both 100 and 140°C was greater than those of 180 and 220°C (p < 0.05). Detection frequency of Salmonella and Coliform was greatest in the 100°C of treatment temperature and there was no detection of Salmonella and Coliform in the other treatments. Therefore, as chicken carcass was processed at a temperature of 140°C and higher than 4 hours using the chicken carcass treatment system, it is considered that chicken dead bodies can be used as a valuable feed ingredient.