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김형은,가납 성남 대한건축학회 2001 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.21 No.1
In this report, when the construction method was selected, the methodology by which an appropriate construction method was selected under a variety of restriction conditions was examined, and the systematization was done by Prolog. The heat combination of construction methods in the construction method of each work which was able to be applied to conditions of the building condition and the design conditions, etc. which had been given by logical modeling was able to be requested. I addition, the possibility of an effective construction method selection system which requested an economical alternative i and the best idea by comparing costs in the construction condition was examined.
식중독 미생물의 biofilm 형성에 대한 계피, 정향 및 레몬그래스 정유의 억제 효과
김형은,김용석,Kim, Hyeong-Eun,Kim, Yong-Suk 한국식품위생안전성학회 2021 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.36 No.5
항균활성이 뛰어난 식물 정유를 이용하여 식품가공 기구 및 용기에 다양하게 사용되는 polyethylene과 stainless steel 표면에 형성된 식중독 6종의 biofilm 형성에 대한 억제 효과를 연구하였다. 식물 정유 20종의 식중독 미생물에 대한 항균활성을 disk diffusion 방법으로 평가한 결과 cinnamon > clove > lemongrass > peppermint > pine needle 순으로 항균활성을 나타냈다. Cinnamon과 clove 정유의 최소억제농도(MIC)와 최소살균농도(MBC)는 각각 0.63-1.25 mg/mL과 1.25-2. mg/mL의 범위를 나타냈으며, lemongrass 정유의 MIC와 MBC는 각각 1.25-2.50 mg/mL과 2.50-5.00 mg/mL로 약간 낮은 항균활성을 나타냈다. 정유 3종의 biofilm 형성 예방효과는 식중독 미생물과 polyethylene 및 stainless steel에 따라 다소 차이가 있었지만, 0.5% 농도의 cinnamon, clove와 lemongrass 정유를 식품접촉 표면에 미리 코팅하였을 때 biofilm 형성에 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 정유의 농도가 증가할수록 모든 식중독 미생물에 대해서 biofilm 형성을 유의적으로 억제하였으며(P<0.05), 0.5% cinnamon과 clove 정유 처리에 의해 L. monocytogenes ATCC 19112와 S. aureus KCCM 11812의 biofilm이 형성되지 않았다. Polyethylene과 stainless steel coupon 표면에 형성된 식중독 미생물의 biofilm의 제거 효과를 측정한 결과, 식중독 미생물의 종류에 따라 차이가 있었지만 정유의 농도가 증가할수록 biofilm 제거 효과는 높아졌으며, 대체로 clove 정유의 biofilm 제거율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 0.5%의 cinnamon과 clove 정유는 polyethylene과 stainless steel 표면에 식중독 미생물이 형성하는 biofilm을 예방, 성장 억제 및 제거할 수 있는 천연 소재로 적용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. Essential oils with excellent antibacterial activity were used to study the inhibitory effect against the six types of food poisoning biofilms formed on the surfaces of polyethylene (PE) and stainless steel (SS) that are widely used for food processing instruments and containers. The antibacterial activity of 20 kinds of essential oils was tested using the disk diffusion method. The result showed the degree of antibacterial activity in the following order: cinnamon> clove> lemongrass> peppermint> pine needle (highest to lowest). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of cinnamon and clove oil were in the range of 0.63-1.25 mg/mL and 1.25-2.50 mg/mL, respectively. The MIC and MBC of lemongrass oil were 1.25-2.50 mg/mL and 2.50-5.00 mg/mL, respectively, showing slightly less antibacterial activity. Although the preventive effect of three types of essential oils on the biofilm formation differed slightly depending on food poisoning bacteria, PE, and SS, it was found that the precoating of 0.5% cinnamon, clove, and lemongrass oil on the PE and SS affects the formation of biofilm. Increased essential oil concentration significantly inhibited the biofilm formation for all food poisoning bacteria (P<0.05), and biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were not formed when treated with 0.5% cinnamon and clove oil. The elimination effect of food poisoning bacteria biofilms formed on the surfaces of PE and SS differed depending on the type of food poisoning bacteria. Still, the biofilm elimination effect increased as the essential oil concentration increased, and the biofilm elimination rate of clove oil was generally high. Therefore, this study found that the cinnamon and clove essential oils (0.5%) are suitable natural materials that effectively prevent, inhibit, and remove the biofilms formed by the food poisoning bacteria on the surfaces of polyethylene and stainless steel.
3차원CAD情報에 근거한 部材의 設置順序 推定 및 工程의 可視化
김형은,카노나루오 대한건축학회 2006 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.22 No.5
Virtual Construction Site System aims to develop the rational planning procedure for construction planning, based on the three dimensional data of components of a building using three-dimensional CAD systems or Virtual Reality systems.In this paper, the authors developed the inferring logics for the sequence of assembling components of a building based on the three-dimensional CAD data. In order to infer the sequence, three dimensional data such as position, direction, scale of components and the relationships to another components are collected from three-dimensional CAD System. Then the logics to infer the sequence developed were applied to the above data set.The authors applied the logics to planning for steel erection works of a building construction, and proved the validity of the logics, producing rational sequence of the erection works of columns and beams. In addition, the authors clarified the possibility to create the construction schedule based on the network with each erection time which was estimated from the CAD data and a crane attribute.
안와골절정복술 후 전산화단층촬영으로 측정한 외안근의 크기에 관한 연구
김형은,윤영수,유혜린 대한안과학회 2009 대한안과학회지 Vol.50 No.10
Purpose: To determine the cross sections of extraocular muscles in patients with orbital fracture and to demonstrate a relationship among the cross sections, the size of orbital fracture, the soft tissue, and fat herniation and limitation of ocular movement. Methods: The study included 87 patients (87 eyes) with orbital fracture. The cross section was defined as multiplication of the long axis and short axis. The ratio of the cross section in normal and injured eyes was calculated at preoperative and postoperative periods. Results: The cross sections of all rectus muscles, except for the superior, increased in injured eyes and subsequently decreased postoperatively. After surgery, the cross sections of lateral and medial rectus muscles recovered to near normal but the inferior remained enlarged. The increased ratio of the short and long axis was significant but not the difference of the cross sections related to the short and long axis ratio. There was a preoperative difference between injured/normal cross section ratio in relation to the size of inferior fracture. There was postoperative normalization for the cross sections of inferior rectus muscles with the restrictive limitation due to inferior fracture. Conclusions: The cross sections increased mostly after orbital fracture and subsequently decreased postoperatively. There was a change in the cross section ratio with the size of inferior fracture at preoperative period but there was no change in the cross sections related to the restrictive or paralytic limitation, except for eyes with the restriction secondary to inferior fracture. These were significantly normalized postoperatively in cross section. 목적: 안와골절로 수술받은 환자에서 수술 전후의 전산화단층촬영을 이용하여 외안근의 단면적을 측정하고 안와골절의 크기, 연부조 직의 탈출 정도 및 안구 운동 장애에 따른 단면적의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 87명 87안에서 외안근의 장축과 단축의 곱을 단면적으로 정의하고 정상안, 수상안에서 측정하였으며, 수상안과 정상안 간의 단면적 비율을 같이 구하였다. 결과: 정상안보다 수상안에서 상직근을 제외한 단면적은 증가하였고, 증가되었던 단면적은 술 후 감소하였다. 이 때 감소된 정도가 외직근, 내직근의 단면적은 정상으로 회복되었지만, 하직근의 단면적은 정상보다 큰 상태로 남아 있었다. 외안근의 단축/장축 비율은 정상안보다 수상안이 유의하게 더 컸으나 수상안 내에서 단축/장축 비율에 따른 단면적의 차이는 없었다. 하벽 골절 크기에 따라 하직 근의 단면적 비율은 술 전에 차이가 있었고, 하벽 골절로 제한성 장애가 있는 경우 하직근의 단면적은 술 후에 더 정상에 근접하였다. 결론: 안와골절로 외안근의 단면적은 증가하였다가 술 후 정상화되었다. 하벽 골절 크기에 따른 술 전 단면적의 변화가 있었고, 안구 운동 장애와 관련된 단면적의 변화는 없었으나 하직근에 제한이 있는 경우 술 후 단면적이 더 정상에 근접하였다.