수치모형을 적용한 저수지 퇴사분포 해석

김기철(Kim, Ki Chul),김현식(Kim, Hyeon Sik),임동진(Im, Dong Jin),이동훈(Lee, Dong Hun) 대한토목학회 2017 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Epinephrine 합성효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase의 인간 genomic DNA의 유전자 크로닝

서유현(Yoo Hun Suh),허성오(Sung Oh Huh),전양숙(Yang Sook Chun),김현식(Hun Sik Kim),임정규(Jung Kyoo Lim),박찬웅(Chan Woong Park) 대한약리학회 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

카테콜아민 생합성에 관여하는 마지막 효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase는 Norepinephrine을 epinephrine으로 전환시키는 중요한 효소이다. PNMT효소의 발현은 epinephrine 신경세포의 발현에 필수적이다. 따라서 PNMT유전자를 크로닝하여 그 구조를 결정하고, 유전자 발현연구를 하는 것은 상당히 중요한 일이다. 그러나 최근에 저자가 bovine cDNA를 처음으로 분리하여 그 구조를 보고한 것 외에는 아직까지 인간 PNMT cDNA나, 전체 genomic DNA의 분리 보고는 없다. 이에 저자들은 인간 PNMT유전자의 전체구조와 여러 종(species) 사이의 진화적인 관계를 규명하기 위해서 human genomic library(Charon 4A)를 만들고, 이 library 이용하여 bovine cDNA를 probe로 13.1 Kb길이의 genomic clone을 분리 크로닝하는데 성공하였다. 이 유전자는 두개의 EcoRI site가 포함되어 있어서, EcoRI제한효소에 의해서 7.5 Kb, 5.0 Kb,0.6 Kb로 분리되었으며, Southern과 dot blot 실험 에서 보면 5.0 Kb와 0.6 Kb에 exon이 흩어져 존재하고 있으며, 7.5 Kb는 flanking sequence로 판명되었다. To obtain information about the structure of the human phenylethanolamin N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and to further define the extent of the evolutionary relationships among PNMT molecules of several spesies, a full length cDNA clone for bovine adrenal PNMT was used to screen a charon 4A genomic library. One phage was isolated and identified, which included the entire PNMT gene. The length of inserted genomic DNA was 13.1-Kilobase (Kb) containing two internal EcoRI sites. Construction of a restriction map and subsequent Southern and dot blot analysis with 5 -and 3 -specific cDNA probes allowed the identification of exon-containing fragments. This is the first report of the cloning of gene for human epinephrine synthesizing enzyme.

한계기업 결정요인에 관한 연구

정기헌(Ki-Hun Jung),이재익(Jae-Ik Lee),김현식(Hyun-Sik Kim) 한국무역연구원 2022 무역연구 Vol.18 No.6

Purpose – This study empirically analyzes the effect of debt on the risk of entering zombie firms. Design/Methodology/Approach – This study empirically analyzes using a logistic model as to whether debt acts as a determinant of zombie firms using Korea listed firms data from 2010 to 2021. The risk of entering a zombie firms uses the interest coverage ratio. If the interest coverage ratio is less than 1, the risk of entering a zombie firm is considered to have occurred. Using the debt growth ratio and changes in total borrowings and bonds payable to total assets (TBBP) as explanatory variables, we analyze whether the debt increases the possibility of entering zombie firms. Findings – First, debt increasing has significant and positive effects on the risk of entering zombie firms, which is a factor that prevents the firm from continuing business activities as profitability deteriorates due to increased financial costs. Second, while the ratio of debt increase has significant result only at a specific stage, the change in TBBP is significant in all stages. This implies that weak financial structure stability has a greater effect on the possibility of firm insolvency than the burden of interest increases. Research Implications – This study has the following contributions. First, we confirm whether debt can act as a determinant of zombie firms. Second, by analyzing debt growth and debt dependence, we confirm that the weakening of financial stability has a greater impact on the risk of entering a zombie firm than the increase in financial costs.

속수자의 멜라닌 생성 억제 물질

김청택(Cheong Taek Kim),정민환(Min Han Jung),김현식(Hyun Sik Kim),김호정(Ho Jeong Kim),강상진(Sang Jin Kang),강세훈(Se Hun Kang) 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Two diterpenes and one new sucrose isovaleryl ester having inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma were isolated from Euphorbiae Lathyridis Semen which has been used in traditional medicine for cancer, tumors and warts. New sucrose isovaleryl ester was identified as α-D-giucopyranoside, 3,4,6-tris-O-(3-methyl-l-oxobutyl)-β-D-fructofuranosyl,2,6-bis(3-methylbutanoate) and two diterpenes were identified as ingenol-20-palmitate and 5,10-diacetyl-3-benzoyllathyrol(Euphorbia factor L₃) from their spectral data.

원저 : 미토콘드리아 기능 및 인슐린 신호전달체계 개선을 통한 골격근에서의 산화질소의 인슐린감수성 개선

이우제 ( Woo Je Lee ),김현식 ( Hyoun Sik Kim ),박혜선 ( Hye Sun Park ),김미옥 ( Mi Ok Kim ),김미나 ( Mi Na Kim ),윤지영 ( Ji Young Yun ),김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ),이상아 ( Sang Ah Lee ),이승훈 ( Seung Hun Lee ),고은희 ( Eun Hee Koh ) 대한당뇨병학회 2009 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.33 No.3

연구배경: 산화질소가 골격근에서 인슐린감수성을 개선시킨다는 보고가 있으나 아직 논란이 있으며, 산화질소가 골격근에서 포도당 대사에 관여하는 기전 또한 분명치 않다. 본 연구는 산화질소 공여물질인 SIN-1을 이용해 산화질소가 골격근에서 포도당 대사에 미치는 영향 및 기전을 확인하고자 시행되었다. 방법: Sprague-Dawley 쥐에게 SIN-1을 4주간 먹인 후 포도당 클램프 검사를 시행하였다. SIN-1 투여 후 쥐의 골격근에서 중성지방의 양과 지방산 산화를 측정하였고 미토콘드리아 DNA양과 미토콘드리아 생합성 표지자의 mRNA 발현을 조사하였다. 또한 SIN-1 투여 후 쥐의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달 물질인 IRS-1과 Akt의 인산화를 Western분석을 통해 확인하였다. 세포 실험을 위해 생쥐 골격근 세포인 C2Cl2 세포를 배양한 후 SIN-1을 처리하고 포도당 섭취를 측정하였으며 Western 분석을 통해 IRS-1과 Akt 인산화를 확인하였다. 결과: SIN-1은 쥐의 골격근 및 골격근 세포에서 포도당 섭취를 증가시켰다. SIN-1 투여는 쥐의 골격근에서 지방산 산화를 증가시키고 중성지방의 양을 감소시켰다. SIN-1은 또한 쥐의 골격근에서 미토콘드리아 DNA양과 미토콘트리아 생합성 표지자의 mRNA 발현을 증가시켰다. SIN-1 투여는 쥐의 골격근 및 골격근 세포에서 IRS-1과 Akt 인산화를 증가시켰다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 산화질소가 골격근에서 인슐린감수성을 개선시키며, 그 기전으로 미토콘드리아 기능 개선 및 인슐린 신호전달체계 자극이 관여함을 확인하였다. Background: Accumulating evidence has suggested that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Recent studies also suggested NO as an important molecule regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. This study examined the effect of the NO donor, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle and tested the hypothesis that NO`s effect on glucose metabolism is mediated by its effect on mitochondrial function. Methods: In Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with SIN-1 for 4 weeks, insulin sensitivity was measured by a glucose clamp study. Triglyceride content and fatty acid oxidation were measured in the skeletal muscle. In addition, mitochondrial DNA content and mRNA expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and expression of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and Akt were examined by Western blot analysis in skeletal muscle. In C2C12 cells, insulin sensitivity was measured by 2-deoxyglucose uptake and Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of IRS-1 and Akt. Results: SIN-1 improved insulin sensitivity in C2C12 cells and skeletal muscles of SD rats. In addition, SIN-1 decreased triglyceride content and increased fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial DNA contents and biogenesis in the skeletal muscle were increased by SIN-1 treatment. Moreover, SIN-1 increased the expression of phosphor-IRS-1 and phosphor-Akt in the skeletal muscle and muscle cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that NO mediates glucose uptake in skeletal muscle both in vitro and in vivo by improving mitochondrial function and stimulating insulin signaling pathways. (Korean Diabetes J 33:198-205, 2009)

외란관측기를 이용한 유도전동기의 정밀 위치 제어

강경우(Kyoung-Woo Kang),김현식(Hun-Sik Kim),고종선(Jong-Sun Ko),홍순찬(Soon-Chan Hong) 전력전자학회 2004 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper presents load torque observer that is used to deadbeat load torque observer in the induction motor position control system. The simulation has been obtained by simulink. A digital control is composed by trigger method in the continuous block diagram. The results show that proposed system has good effectiveness for the disturbance in induction servo motor system.

Molecular Cloning of Human Genomic DNA for Epinephrine Synthesizing Enzyme, Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase

서유현,허성오,전양숙,김현식,임정규,박찬웅,Suh, Yoo-Hun,Huh, Sung-Oh,Chun, Yang-Sook,Kim, Hun-Sik,Lim, Jung-Kyoo,Park, Chan-Woong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1988 대한약리학잡지 Vol.24 No.1

카테콜아민 생합성에 관여하는 마지막 효소인 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase는 Norepinephrine을 epinephrine으로 전환시키는 중요한 효소이다. PNMT효소의 발현은 epinephrine 신경세포의 발현에 필수적이다. 따라서 PNMT유전자를 크로닝하여 그 구조를 결정하고, 유전자 발현연구를 하는 것은 상당히 중요한 일이다. 그러나 최근에 저자가 bovine cDNA를 처음으로 분리하여 그 구조를 보고한 것 외에는 아직까지 인간 PNMT cDNA나, 전체 genomic DNA의 분리 보고는 없다. 이에 저자들은 인간 PNMT유전자의 전체구조와 여러 종(species) 사이의 진화적인 관계를 규명하기 위해서 human genomic library(Charon 4A)를 만들고, 이 library 이용하여 bovine cDNA를 probe로 13.1 Kb길이의 genomic clone을 분리 크로닝하는데 성공하였다. 이 유전자는 두개의 EcoRI site가 포함되어 있어서, EcoRI제한효소에 의해서 7.5 Kb, 5.0 Kb,0.6 Kb로 분리되었으며, Southern과 dot blot 실험 에서 보면 5.0 Kb와 0.6 Kb에 exon이 흩어져 존재하고 있으며, 7.5 Kb는 flanking sequence로 판명되었다. To obtain information about the structure of the human phenylethanolamin N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and to further define the extent of the evolutionary relationships among PNMT molecules of several spesies, a full length cDNA clone for bovine adrenal PNMT was used to screen a charon 4A genomic library. One phage was isolated and identified, which included the entire PNMT gene. The length of inserted genomic DNA was 13.1-Kilobase (Kb) containing two internal EcoRI sites. Construction of a restriction map and subsequent Southern and dot blot analysis with 5'-and3'-specific cDNA probes allowed the identification of exon-containing fragments. This is the first report of the cloning of gene for human epinephrine synthesizing enzyme.

뇌 손상 환자에서 이중분광계수를 사용한 의식수준의 측정

조재흥 ( Jae Heung Cho ),정순호 ( Soon Ho Cheong ),김현식 ( Hyun Sik Kim ),김세훈 ( Se Hoon Kim ),조광래 ( Kwang Rae Cho ),이상은 ( Sang Eun Lee ),김영환 ( Young Hwan Kim ),임세훈 ( Se Hun Lim ),이정한 ( Jeong Han Lee ),이근무 ( K 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.2

Background: It is important to assess the level of consciousness in patients with brain injuries to determine modes of treatment and prognosis. We evaluated the Bispectral Index (BIS) to determine if it could be used as an objective tool for evaluation of the level of consciousness in brain-injured patients. We also compared the BIS values to clinical sedation scales such as the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS), and the Reaction Level Scale (RLS). Methods: Thirty eight patients with brain injuries that were admitted to the neurosurgery intensive care unit (NSICU) were enrolled in this study. An investigator evaluated the clinical sedation scales (GCS, RASS, RLS), while a blind observer noted the BIS in the same patient. The BIS score was obtained three times at an interval of 5 hours. The BISs were measured for 1 minute at 5 min prior to the nursing assessment, during the nursing assessment, and at 5 min after the nursing assessment. The BISs used in the data analysis were the maximal, minimal, and mean values obtained during 1 min, which were defined as BISmax, BISmin, and BISmean. A Spearman`s rank correlation coefficient was used to determine if the clinical sedation scales were correlated with the BIS scores. Results: In 38 patients, the BISmax, BISmin, and BISmean were found to be significantly correlated with the GCS, RASS, and RLS. The BISmean had the highest correlation with GCS (r=0.445, P<0.01), while the BIS min had the lowest correlation with RLS (r=-0.278, P<0.01). Conclusions: The results of BIS monitoring were found to be significantly correlated with sedation scales in patients with brain injuries. These findings suggest that BIS can be used as an objective and continuous method for assessment of the level of consciousness in patients with brain injury. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:185∼9)