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에너지를 함유한 선 폴리머인 poly(NEO) 제조 공정 연구
전용구,김진석,Cheun Young Gu,Kim Jin Seuk 한국군사과학기술학회 2004 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.7 No.2
We synthesized energetic prepolymer(2-nitrato ethyl oxirane, NEO) for plastic-bonded explosive and measured its thermodynamic parameters. 2-Nitrato ethyl oxirane(NEO) as a monomer was synthesized from 4-butene-ol, the first-step was preparation of 1-nitrate-3-butene and second-step was synthesized 2-nitrate-ethyl oxirane from 1nitrate-3-butene and then polymerized by cationic ring opening polymerization. The unreacted monomer concentration was measured by GC. The thermodynamic parameters were obtained from the ceiling temperature(Tc) values of 1 mole monomer at each reaction temperature. We varied feed rate of monomer, concentration of initiator and monomer to control molecular weight and polydispersity of perpolymer(NEO). Number average molecular weight(Mn), polydispersity(PD), and glass transition temperature(Tg), viscosity of prepolymer(NEO) were 2000, 1.07, $-55^{\circ}C$ and 300 poise respectively.
에너지를 함유한 선 폴리머인 Prepolymer(GDNPF) 제조 공정 연구
전용구,김진석,Cheun, Young-Gu,Kim, Jin-Seuk 한국군사과학기술학회 2005 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.8 No.2
We synthesized an energetic prepolymer(glycidyl dinitro propyl formal, GDNPF) for plastic-bonded explosive and measured its thermodynamic parameters. Glycidyl dinitro propyl formal(GDNPF) as an energetic monomer was epoxidized from allyl-2,2-dinitro propyl formal which is reacted with dinitro propyl alcohol and excess allyl alcohol, and then energetic polymer of GDNPF was polymerized by cationic ring opening polymerization. Thermodynamic parameters were obtained from the ceiling temperature($T_c$) values of 1 mole monomer at reaction temperature. We varied feed rate of monomer, concentration of initiator and monomer to control molecular weight and polydispersity of prepolymer (GDNPF). The activated monomer polymerization has been executed with precisely controlled feed of GDNPF monomer to reactor in the complex state catalyst generated by $BF_3{\cdot}(C_3H_5)_2$ and 1,4-butanediol in $C_2H_4Cl_2$. Number average molecular weight(Mn), polydispersity(Pd), hydroxy number and glass transition temperature($T_g$) of prepolymer(GDNPF) were $2,500{\sim}3,000,\;1.2{\sim}1,3,\;0.6{\sim}0.8eq/kg\;and\;-20{\sim}-25^{\circ}C$ respectively.
AP 순도에 따른 DSC, ARC, ISCO의 장기 열적안정성 연구
김승희(Seunghee Kim),권국태(Kuktae Kwon),이소정(So Jung Lee),김진석(Jin Seuk Kim) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.12
AP(Ammonium perchlorate, NH4ClO4)를 포함하는 복합화약조성의 등온가열시험시, 일정 순도 이하의 AP를 사용하는 경우 “Bulged”현상으로 인해 등온가열시험 결과를 얻을 수 없었다. 본 연구는 품질 혹은 순도에 따른 AP의 열적 안정성 차이에 대해 규명하기 위해 LOT 별 AP에 대해 DSC 결과를 분석하고, 그 분석결과를 등온가열시험 결과 및 ARC결과와 비교분석하였다. 또한 순도가 낮은 AP에 대해서는 재결정을 통해 포함된 불순물을 제거한 후 분석한 결과, 열적 안정성이 높아졌음을 확인하였다. DSC 고압팬을 사용하여 AP 순도를 결정하는 정량적 분석방법을 확립하였다. When we conducted isothermal slow cook-off(ISCO) test for aluminized explosive containing AP, the sample was bulged before it run away reaction and finally we cannot obtain ISCO data. However, these phenomena did not occur for a certain grade AP. It means the quality of AP give a big effect on the thermal stability of explosive formulation. In this study, we studied the thermal stability difference between a good and bad grade AP. At first, we characterized thermal properties for the all the Lot of AP by DSC and correlated it to the ISCO phenomena. In addition to DSC study and ISCO test, we also investigated and calculated SADT and self-heating rate by ARC for the different AP qualities to interpret the thermal stability of explosive formulation.And we also studied the impurity of AP and preparation method to remove the included impurity and crystallization. Finally, we set up the qualification methods to identify the quality of AP by DSC with high pressure crucible.
Matlab Simulink를 이용한 회전안정탄의 6 자유도 탄도 모델링
김기표,윤상용,김진석,홍종태,Kim, Ki Pyo,Yun, Sang Yong,Kim, Jin Seuk,Hong, Jong Tai 한국시스템엔지니어링학회 2006 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.2 No.2
With the advent of low cost, miniature and high-g hardened inertial sensors and actuators, many kind of smart munitions are becoming practical such as 1D or 2D TCM, SFM, Range Extended GPS guided munitions and so on. They have more complicated trajectory control algorithm than conventional munitions'. Therefore it is necessary to study the complicated operation algorithm of smart munitions with M&S in advance of developing them. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a practical M&S method to study an operation concept of smart munitions using PRODAS and Matlab.
분자화약 구조를 포함하는 옥시란계 에너지화 단량체의 설계 및 합성
심엽신,권영환,김진석,Shen, Yechen,Kwon, Younghwan,Kim, Jin Seuk 한국군사과학기술학회 2015 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.18 No.2
Energetic monomers with new design concept were synthesized for energetic prepolymers. Novel energetic monomers consisted of ring-opening polymerizable oxirane and a molecular explosive moiety instead of small explosophores as energetic functional groups. According to the design concept, glycidyl dinitroazetidine (GDNAZ) and glycidyl nitroazetidinol(GNAZO) energetic monomers were synthesized, respectively, and characterized by NMR, EA and GC MS. Heat of formation and detonation performance were calculated by theoretical method to evaluate energy performance of these novel energetic monomers. The result revealed that GDANZ and GNAZO possessed high potential as new energetic monomers for synthesizing energetic prepolymers and binders in PBXs.
TGA를 이용한 RDX의 입자 크기에 따른 열적 분해 특성 연구
범길호,김승희,김진석,Bum, Kil-Ho,Kim, Seung-Hee,Kim, Jin-Seuk 한국군사과학기술학회 2012 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.15 No.1
This work is related to study the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacylohexane(RDX) by differential scanning calorimeter and thermo-gravimetry with Kissinger's & Iso-conversional method under nonisothermal conditions, with heating rate from 2 to $8^{\circ}C$/min or given heating rate. We calculated and compared activation energy with these two methods. Iso-conversional method is better than Kissinger's method to study decomposition mechanism. We also investigated activation energy and frequency factor by Kissinger's & Iso-conversional method with the influence of particle size. In case of single crystal, Cl-3(large crystal) has better thermal stability than Cl-5(small crystal). The activation energy increased according to the size of the particle size.
Synthesis and Thermal Characteristics of Nano-Aluminum/Fluorinated Polyurethane Binders
Qianqian Lan,Jin Seuk Kim(김진석),Younghwan Kwon(권영환) 한국추진공학회 2016 한국추진공학회지 Vol.21 No.1
현재 적용되고 있는 에너지화 가소제는 –NO₂, -ONO₂ 및 –N₃와 같은 에너지화 활성 그룹을 포함하고 있어서 충격, 쇼크, 열 등 외부환경에 상당히 민감하여 복합화약의 둔감 안정성을 취약하게 한다. 본 연구에서는 민감한 에너지화 활성 그룹이 아니라 근본적으로는 비활성 그룹으로 복합화약의 민감도에는 영향을 미치지 않지만, 복합화약의 반응 시에 테르밋반응에 의해 추가적인 에너지를 발생할 수 있는 불소계 반응성 가소제를 적용한 폴리우레탄 결합제를 클릭반응으로 합성하고 나노 알루미늄과의 테르밋반응에 대한 열적 특성을 고찰하였다. Energetic plasticizers containing explosophore groups such as –NO₂, -ONO₂, and –N₃ group are susceptible to impact, shock, heat, etc, finally deteriorating the insensitivity of PBXs. In this study, in an attempt to investigate the feasibility of replacing sensitive explosophore groups to fundamentally inactive but potentially (latent) energetic fluorine group which was known to have an exothermic thermite reaction with aluminum, nano-aluminum/fluorinated polyurethane binders were prepared by simultaneous polyurethane and catalyst-free azide-alkyne click reaction in the presence of nano-aluminum. Thermal characteristics of nano-aluminum/fluorinated polyurethane binders were monitored by using DSC with high pressure crucible pan.
트리나이트로이미다졸 치환체들의 화약성능 및 감도 예측 분석
전영진,김현수,김진석,조수경,Jeon, Yeongjin,Kim, Hyoun-Soo,Kim, Jin Seuk,Cho, Soo Gyeong 한국군사과학기술학회 2017 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Various chemical properties including density and heat of formation of 1-substitued trinitroimidazoles (TNIs) were estimated by using density functional theory (DFT). Using chemical properties estimated by DFT, explosive performance and sensitivity of 1-substitued TNIs were analyzed by following the ADD Method-1 procedure. The results were displayed on two-dimensional performance-sensitivity plot, and were compared with those of explosive molecules commonly used in many military systems. Different 1-substituents of TNI made that both explosive performance and impact sensitivity were changed significantly. Methyl substituted TNI became moderately insensitive and slightly less powerful. Amino, fluoro, picryl, and difluoroamino substituted TNIs were highly powerful like RDX and HMX, but greatly sensitive. Nitro substituted TNI was predicted to be extremely sensitive to be handled as a secondary explosive.