대학 개혁안의 근본 취지와 추진상의 문제점

김재웅,Kim, Jae-Ung 한국대학교육협의회 1997 大學敎育 Vol.88 No.-

Developmental Changes of Ins(1,4,5)$P_3$ 3-Kinase and mRNA in Rat Brain

김재웅,최관용,이서구,Kim, Jae-Woong,Choi, Kwan-Yong,Rhee, Sue-Goo 생화학분자생물학회 1991 한국생화학회지 Vol.24 No.5

Rat brain이 성장하는 동안 Ins(1,4,5)$P_3$ 3-Kinase의 활성도가 14배 증가하였다. 면역학적으로 서로 다른 $IP_3$ 3-Kinase가 적어도 3가지 있었다(53 kDa, 51 kDa 및 40 kDa). $IP_3$ 3-Kinase에 특이성이 있는 모노클로날 항체와 cDNA를 probe로 사용하여 단백질과 mRNA의 양을 정량하였다. 한 가지 형태의 mRNA가 확인되었고, Parallel하며, 어린단계에서는 $IP_3$ 3-Kinase와 mRNA가 전혀 나타나지 않았으나 1주일 후에는 갑자기 증가하였다. 실험결과 흰쥐의 뇌가 성장하는 동안 $IP_3$ 3-Kinase는 transcriptional 수준으로 조절 받는 것이 확인되었다. The enzymic activities of Ins(1,4,5)$P_3$ 3-Kinase increased by 14-fold during the development of rat brain from fetus to adult. Rat brain contains at least three immunologically distinct $IP_3$ 3-Kinases(53 kDa, 51kDa and 40kDa). Using molecular probes (monoclonal Ab and cDNA) specific to the $IP_3$ 3-Kinase, we quantitated the concentration of protein and mRNA of these enzymes during development, these enzymes were qualitatively paralleled by the changes in concentrations of mRNAs. These experiments with $IP_3$ 3-Kinase indicate that there is only one form of mRNA. At early stage, both $IP_3$ 3-Kinase protein and mRNA were barely detectible. Their intensities increased suddenly at a week after birth. These results suggest that the concentration of the $IP_3$ 3-Kinase are regulated at transcriptional level during brain development.

송대(宋代) ${\ll}$영조법식(營造法式)${\gg}$ 대목작(大木作) 포작(鋪作) 관련용어의 파생에 관한 연구

김재웅,Kim, Jae-Ung 한국건축역사학회 2011 건축역사연구 Vol.20 No.2

This paper aimed at analyzing of structural carpentry terminology for bracket structure in Yingzaofashi ${\ll}$營造法式${\gg}$in the era of Song Dynasty and illuminating coinage characteristics and method of Structural Carpentry Terminology for bracket Structure through graphonomy research and system and structure of these terms. The results are as follow. The structural carpentry terminologies for structure were identified to be approximately 23 words, and terminology of bracket structure鋪作 is largely categorized into 3 categories of Type鋪作次序, Structure, Place. On the other hand, the structural carpentry terminologies for parts largely categorized into 2 categories of Bracket structure鋪作, Others. Bracket structure terminologies for parts were derived from the core of Dou枓, Gong?, Ang?, Fang方. The phenomena of derivation in structural carpentry terminology for bracket structure can be explained by the difference in the shape of subsidiary material and the location for usage of the subsidiary material and part of the subsidiary material and their functions.

사철느타리버섯 중 $G_{418}$-sensitive 미토콘드리아성 ATPase/ATP synthase의 특성

김재웅,김동희,이정복,이서구,민태진,Kim, Jae-Woong,Kim, Dong-Hee,Lee, Jung-Bock,Lee, Sur-Koo,Min, Tae-Jin 한국분석과학회 1992 분석과학 Vol.5 No.4

형질 전환된 사철느타리버섯으로부터 초원심분리 및 설탕밀도 기울기법으로 44% 층에서 미토콘드리아를 분리정제하였다. ATPase와 ATP synthase의 최적 활성조건은 각각 pH 7.4, $60^{\circ}C$ 및 pH 7.5, $57^{\circ}C$였고, km값은 11.6mM과 8.4mM였다. ATPase는 기질농도 5~6mM의 ATP에서, ATP synthase는 5~10mM ADP 농도에서 활성이 높으며, 그 이상의 농도에서는 기질 저해를 받았다. ATPase/ATP synthase 모두 $Mg^{2+}$ 의존성 효소로 $G_{418}$으로 비경쟁적인 저해를 받았다. 효소의 아미노산 분석결과 hydrophobic 아미노산 잔기는 50.5%, small 아미노산 잔기는 56.1%, hydrogen bonding 아미노산 잔기는 43.7%, helix breaking 아미노산 잔기는 55.2%였다. 인지질을 분석한 결과 phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline 및 phosphatidyl ethanolamine으로 구성되었고 phosphatidyl serine과 phosphatidyl inositol은 전혀 없었다. 포화 지방산은 palmitate(51.31%)와 stearate(18.32%)의 함량이 많았고, 불포화 지방산($C_{18:1}$, $C_{18:2}$ 및 $C_{16:1}$)의 함량도 많았다. The mitochondrion was purified at 44% sucrose layer from pleurotus florida by using ultracentrifuge and sucrose density gradient method. Optimum pH and temperature of ATPase and ATP synthase were pH 7.4, $60^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5, $57^{\circ}C$ respectively, also their Km values were determined as 11.6mM and 8.4mM. ATPase was activated at 5~6mM ATP substrate concentration, then ATP synthase was 5~10mM range ADP. ATPase/ATP synthase were $Mg^{2+}$-dependent enzyme, partially inhibited by their substrate, and then showed an none competitive inhibition pattern by $G_{418}$. Amino acid composition of ATPase/ATP synthase was as follows, hydrophobic amino acid residue was 50.5%, small residue, 56.1%, hydrogen bonding residue, 43.7% and helix breaking residue, 55.2%. Phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol were contained but not phosphatidyl inositol and phosphatidyl serine. Palmitate(51.31%), stearate(18.32%) and unsaturated fatty acids($C_{18:1}$, $C_{18:2}$ and $C_{16:1}$) were predominated.

연어알에서 분리한 Carotenoprotein의 구조적 특성

김재웅,민태진,이태녕,Jae-Woong Kim,Tae-Jin Min,Tae-Young Lee 대한화학회 1988 대한화학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Carotenoprotein from Salmo Salar eggs was purified and characterized by CM-cellulose, 50% $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, DEAE-cellulose and sephadex G-75 column. The chromoprotein had a spectrum with ${\lambda}_{max}$ 409, 540 and 580nm in p-buffer (pH 7.0) at initial step. Molecular weights by sephadex G-200 gel filtration were 50, 200 and 26,000 daltons. SDS-PAGE analysis showed a structure with four identical subunits (12,500 daltons). Its sample retained a small amount of carbohydrates and lipids. Amino acids were analyzed, and mannose, galactose and glucosamine also were identified. Carotenoid extacted with acetone was found to be astaxanthin ester by partition test, epoxy test, iodine test, allylic test, reduction, acetylation, uv/vis, ir and nmr datas. Stearate (47.9%) and palmitate (21.4%) were predominant fatty acids in the astaxanthin ester. 연어알(Salmo Salar)에서 carotenoprotein을 CM-세룰로스, 50% 황산암모늄 침전, DEAE-세룰로스 및 세파덱스 G-75젤을 사용하여 충분히 정제하였다. 인산염 완충용액(pH 7.0)에서 자외선 흡수극대는 ${\lambda}_{max}$ 409, 540 그리고 580nm이었다. 세파덱스 G-200젤 여과법으로 측정된 분자량은 50, 200rhk 26,000달톤으로 heterogeneous한 두가지 형태였다. 전자는 적자색으로 SDS-PAG 전기영동 결과 분자량이 12,500달톤인 4개의 동일한 subunit로 구성되었고, 상당량의 지질과 만노오스, 갈락토스와 글루코사민을 함유하고 있음을 밝혔다. carotenoprotein의 색소를 추출하여 tlc로 정제한 다음 분배비 시험, 요오드 시험, 에폭시 그룹 시험, 알릴릭 시험, 환원 시험 그리고 아세틸화 시험등의 유기반응과 uv/vis, ir 및 nmr 데이타를 얻어 구조를 결정한 결과 carotenoid는 astaxanthin ester임을 확인하였으며 그 ester는 스테아르산(47.9%)과 팔미트산 (21.4%)이 대부분이었다.

보와 도리의 한자표기(漢字表記) 통용(通用)에 관한 연구

김재웅,박강철,Kim, Jae-Ung,Park, Gang-Chul 한국건축역사학회 2008 건축역사연구 Vol.17 No.1

This study is to present Chinese character notation for common use through investigation of examples and graphonomy related literature with beam and purlin of wooden members and its conclusions are as follows. It suggests two commonly used Chinese characters of beam and purlin. The first method of indicating them is Riyang(樑) for beam and Hang(桁) for purlin and the second method is Bo(保) for beam and Hang(桁) for purlin. Riyang(樑) as the first method was already used in the Joseon period and was profitable to convey limited meaning as wooden term compared to Riyang(樑) with wider meaning and Bo(保) as the second method contained logical association and hieroglyphic connection of Bo(保) as the Korean character. Hang(桁) for purl in was presented by both the first and second methods and it was already used in the Koryeo age, also commonly used as the term of purlin in China and Japan and it was also presented as letter containing logical and hieroglyphic connection with Hyeng(行).

Purification and Characterization of Carboxypeptidase B from Wild Salmon (Salmo Salar) Eggs

김재웅,민태진,Jae Woong Kim,Tae Jin Min Korean Chemical Society 1985 대한화학회지 Vol.29 No.3

연어(Salmo Salar)알 중의 Carboxypeptidase B를 CM-셀룰로오스, 0.5포화황산 암모늄, DEAE-셀룰로오스 및 세파덱스 G-75젤로 정제하여 그 성질을 조사하였다. 이 효소의 최적 온도는 55$^{\circ}C$였으며, 최적 pH는 4.0과 7.0이었고, pH안정성은 2.0∼3.0 및 5.5∼7.0이었다. 히푸릴-L-아르기닌 기질에 대하여 글리실-L-아르기닌 부위를 절단하는 특이성을 보였고, 그 K$_m$값은 0.21mM이었다. Cu$^{2+}$ 와 Fe$^{3+}$ 존재하에서는 효소의 활성도가 증가하였지만 Zn$^{2+}$의 경우에는 감소하였다. 특히 리신은 히푸릴-L-아르기닌 기질에 대하여 경쟁적 억제작용을 보였으며, K$_i$값은 4.3mM이었다. 분자량은 36,400돌톤이었고, 19종류의 아미노산으로 구성된 단위체이었다. Carboxypeptidase B from Salmo Salar eggs was purified by CM-cellulose, 0.5 ammonium sulfate saturation, DEAE-cellulose, and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and its enzymatic properties were investigated. Optimum temperature was 55$^{\circ}C$, pH optima were 4.0 and 7.0 at 37$^{\circ}C$, and the enzyme was stable at pH 2.0∼3.0 and 5.5∼7.0 for 1.5h. This enzyme showed substrate specificity hydrolyzing the peptide bond of glycyl-L-arginine. Its K$_m$ values was 0.21mM, and the enzyme activity was stimulated by Cu$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$, while inhibited by Zn$^{2+}$. The lysine was found to be competitive inhibitor and its K$_i$ value was determined to be 4.3mM. Molecular weight of this enzyme was determined to be 36,400 daltons by SDS-PAGE and the enzyme was monomeric protein composed of 19 kinds of amino acid residues.

영건의궤(營建儀軌)의 목부재(木部材) 용어(用語)에 관(關)한 문자학적(文字學的) 연구(硏究)

김재웅,Kim, Jae-Ung 한국건축역사학회 2009 건축역사연구 Vol.18 No.1

This study examines the examples of wooden member terms of architecture terminology used in Yeonggeon-euigwe(營建儀軌) in the era of Joseon Dynasty. It is to trace the period of their appearances and changes and also to illuminate coinage characteristics and method of architectural terminology used in Yeonggeon-euigwe through graphonomy research and system and structure of wood member terms. By analyzing the meaning of a word, it was found that there was much Insineui, difference of word meaning by country was shown although it was the same shape of character. In particular, the specialty of double language system of Korean language is combined with that of wood terms. Operation of type unrelated to word meaning was found and Korean unique Gachaeui(假借義) like Bo(褓) was generated. This study draws separate systems: one is that can indicate coinage characters of architectural terminology in Yeonggeon-euigwe. The other is to obtain coinage method as a result of reclassifying terminology based on it.

영건의궤(營建儀軌)에 실린 목부재용어(木部材用語)의 용례(用例)와 변천(變遷)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

김재웅,이봉수,Kim, Jae-Ung,Lee, Bong-Soo 한국건축역사학회 2008 건축역사연구 Vol.17 No.5

This study examines the examples and changes of wooden member terms in Yeonggeon-euigwe(營建儀軌) in the era of Joseon Dynasty. As a result of examining examples, about 240 wood member terms were found on the basis of phonetic value and examples different from today's term use were also confirmed. Wood member terms were derived in variety and synonym and different style, that is, coexistence or transition of several notations as the term indicating the same member was found. Derivation of detail terms has the characteristic increasing on the basis of morpheme and formation of different notation followed Chinese notation or was caused by complex coinage features like a coined word of Korea by the meaning of a word and borrowed character notation borrowing sound and it is also related to the specificity of that time which had dual language system. The typical examples without different style for long were pillar, rafter, door and window. Examples with active generation and selection of different styles included beam, capital and bracket-system terms. Different styles were caused by the combination of several notations including borrowed character in the process of Chinese character notation borrowing sound, Korean unique character emphasizing and limiting combination of 木 (wood) with side of character and Chinese. Period showing remarkable change of example notation was the compilation of ${\ll}$the Hwa-Sung-Sung-Euk-Eui-Gue${\gg}$ 華城城役儀軌. ${\ll}$the Hwa-Sung-Sung-Euk-Eui-Gue${\gg}$ is the representative type uigwe made by printed type not by handicraft. Printing by type accompanies unification of the shape of a character necessarily and it was considered that it resulted in the unification of character of different style, the number of strokes and minute difference of strokes, and it was interpreted that common use of intentional notation with the unification of the shape of a character was achieved.

흰쥐의 뇌가 성장하는 동안 Ins ( 1 , 4 , 5 ) P3 3 - Kinase 와 mRNA 의 변화

김재웅,최관용,이서구 ( Jae Woong Kim,Kwan Yong Choi,Sue Goo Rhee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 BMB Reports Vol.24 No.5

The enzymic activities of Ins(1,4,5)P₃ 3-Kinase increased by 14-fold during the development of rat brain from fetus to adult. Rat brain contains at least three immunologically distinct IP₃ 3-Kinases(53 kDa, 51kDa and 40kDa). Using molecular probes (monoclonal Ab and cDNA) specific to the IP₃ 3-Kinase, we quantitated the concentration of protein and mRNA of these enzymes during development, these enzymes were qualitatively paralleled by the changes in concentrations of mRNAs. These experiments with IP₃ 3-Kinase indicate that there is only one form of mRNA. At early stage, both IP₃ 3-Kinase protein and mRNA were barely detectible. Their intensities increased suddenly at a week after birth. These results suggest that the concentration of the IP₃ 3-Kinase are regulated at transcriptional level during brain development.