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다변량 통계 분석기법을 이용한 한강수계 지천의 수질 평가
김요용(Yo Yong Kim),이시진(Si Jin Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.7
한강의 주요 14개 지류하천 유역의 수질오염원을 평가하고, 2007. 1~2009. 12의 하천 수질자료(14 data set)로 SPSS-17.0을 이용하여 하천별 수질 특성을 평가하였다. 시·공간변화에 대한 군집 분석을 실시한 결과 공간변화에 따라 4그룹으로 평가되었으며, 유역의 오염원 종류 및 밀도가 군집분류에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 시간변화에 따라 여름에서 가을까지(7~10월)와 겨울에서 초여름까지(11~6월)의 2그룹으로 분류되어 강우와 기온 그리고 부영양화 현상이 군집화에 기여하는 것으로 평가되었다. 조사대상 하천의 수질오염 요인은 유기물질·영양염류·세균오염요인과 하천 내 물질대사요인으로(71~90%) 설명되었고, 계절에 따라 주요인(수질오염물질)은 변화하는 것으로 나타났다. 각 하천의 수질특성은 요인과 유역오염원을 같이 평가하였을 때 유용한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. In this study, water pollution sources of 14 major tributaries of Han river and characteristics of water quality for each target streams were evaluated based on water quality data in 2007.1-2009.12 (14 data sets) using a statistical package, SPSS-17.0. Cluster analysis over time and space for each stream resulted in 4 groups for the spatial variations in which type and density of pollution sources in the basins showed the greatest impact on grouping. Moreover, cluster analysis for the time variation in which rainfall, temperature and eutrophication were shown to contribute to the clustering, produced 2 groups, from summer to fall (July-Oct.) and from winter to early summer (Nov.-June). Four factors were found as responsible for the data structure explaining 71-90% of the total variance of the data set depending on the streams and they were organic matter, nutrients, bacterial contamination. Factor analysis showed main factors (water pollutants) changed according to the season with different pattern for each stream. This study demonstrated that water quality of each stream could produce useful outcomes when factor and pollution source of basin were evaluated together.
회귀분석을 이용한 반월 공단배수의 생태독성 원인물질 조사
김요용 ( Yo Yong Kim ),우정식 ( Jung Sik Woo ),황선민 ( Sun Min Hwang ),김문정 ( Moon Jeong Kim ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.3
In this study, water quality and acute toxicity using Daphnia magna were analyzed to investigate the eco-toxicological substances identified as statistical analysis and propose a management plan for the effluent of Banwol industrial complex, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do. Cu, Zn, F, Mn concentrations in the effluent far exceeded the US standards to protect the aquatic ecosystem and eco-toxicity values were 5~22 TU. However, concentrations of heavy metals significantly decreased after Ansan public wastewater treatment plant operating a biological treatment and toxicity values were 0 TU. Zn, Cr, F and Cu in the effluent showed very strong and strong positive correlations with eco-toxicity values, respectively. Regression analysis resulted in an equation between toxicity and Zn, TU = 4.884×Zn (mg/L)-0.391 showing Zn concentration should be managed less than 0.285 mg/L to keep the eco-toxicity (TU) less than 1.
문희천,김요용,서인숙,김종성,김균희,황선민,송진호,김태화 한국환경분석학회 2018 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.21 No.1
Water pollution level of artificial streams, Okgu, Gunja, Jeongwang, 4Ganseon and Siheong, in Shihwa industrial complex was investigated in order to provide the scientific data for water quality management of the streams. COD concentration from Okgu midstream with median value of 62.5 mg/L was the highest level of all sampling sites. At all artificial streams, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cr concentrations from midstream and downstream of industrial region were relatively higher than those of upstream of residential region. The high content of Cr6+ with median value of 0.293 mg/L was determined at 4Ganseon midstream. It was revealed that pollution of artificial streams was caused by intermittent and impulsive discharge of untreated or inadequately treated effluent through the storm sewer from industrial factories. Thus it is necessary to link and treat the stream water into sewage treatment plant. As an effective implementation to manage and improve the water quality of artificial streams, we suggest to pump the treated effluent from near sewage treatment plant into upstream of each artificial stream and irrigate it via artificial streams for waterfront revitalization of Shihwa Industrial Complex
Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>이 활성슬러지에 미치는 저해영향 평가
김창규,김요용,박익범,송진호,남우경,한송희,김복준,오조교,Kim, Chang-Gyu,Kim, Yo-Yong,Park, Ik-Beom,Song, Jin-Ho,Nam, Woo-Kyong,Han, Song-Hee,Kim, Bok-Jun,Oh, Jo-Gyo 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.2
In this study, the inhibitory effect of toxic metals was investigated on the activated sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant. The allowable concentration of toxic metals was also estimated for the stable operation of the biological treatment process. The single and mixture toxicity of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ were evaluated for the activated sludge microorganisms. As a result, nitrifying microorganisms were more susceptible than heterotrophic microorganisms. $IC_{10}$ (Inhibition Concentration of 10%) of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ for the nitrifying microorganisms was 3 mg/L, 7 mg/L and 25 mg/L, respectively. The mixture toxicity showed three times more sensitive than the single toxicity. The concentrations of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ to minimize the inhibitory effect on organic matter removal and nitrification in batch experiments were found to be 1.3 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L and 6.3 mg/L.
SPME/GC-MS을 이용한 폐수 중 페놀 및 펜타클로로페놀 분석 방법의 연구
경지영,김요용,황선민,남우경,박기범,김태화 한국환경분석학회 2019 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.22 No.3
The solvent extraction method for the analysis of phenol and pentachlorophenol in the present standard methods for the examination of water pollution is not easy to perform due to the use of a large amount of solvent and long pretreatment time. Therefore, the solid phase microextraction (SPME) method, which does not require an extraction solvent, was used a pretreatment approach and its applicability as an alternative to the conventional solvent extraction method was studied. The SPME conditions of fiber adsorption, concentration of NaCl, adsorption time, stirring speed, and stirrer temperature were optimized.Moreover, we assessed whetherthese conditions satisfied the QA/QCrequirements of the standard methods. In addition, the recovery test was performed on the effluent, and the test results of the solvent extraction and SPME methods were statistically compared by the paired t-test for phenol and pentachlorophenol analyses. As a result, there was a difference in the results of the two methods for pentachlorophenol. Therefore, the SPME method was not adequate, but phenol was judged to be appropriate as it showed 0.948 μg/L of LOD, 3.020 μg/L of LOQ, 1.8% of precision and 97.7% of accuracy. In addition, the validation test indicated that the recovery of phenol in the effluent was better than 95% by SPME. Moreover, because the paired t-test showed that the SPME method was not different from the solvent extraction method, the SPME method can replace the solvent extraction method for phenol analysis.
조진경,김동기,김세광,백민경,이수문,김태영,최유경,박종완,김요용,오조교 한국냄새환경학회 2021 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.20 No.2
This study aimed to assess the pollution level in 13 crowded subway stations in an effort to understand the spatial and seasonal factors of Indoor Air Quality. The main measured items were particulate pollutants such as PM10 and PM2.5 and gaseous pollutants such as CO2, HCHO, Rn, TVOC, BTEX, and Styrene at concourses and platforms in the summer and winter periods. The influence of the draught created by the movement of the train was classified into lateral and island platforms, and the concentrations of PM by location (entrance, middle, and end) were statistically compared and analyzed. As a result, the concentrations of PM were confirmed high in the order of Platform > Concourse > Ambient air. In particular, in the case of platform PM10, the frequency exceeding the standard value (100 μg/m3) was 38.5% and the maximum concentration was 196.2 μg/m3. All gaseous pollutants were at lower levels than the standard, and the factors affecting CO2 and Rn were identified as the number of users and geological characteristics, respectively. The principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that PM was found to be a major indicator of the air quality management of subway stations. In particular, the concentrations at entrance and end areas in the lateral platform were about 1.4 times higher with regard to PM10 than in the middle area, and about 1.9 times higher with regard to PM2.5 due to the effect created by the draught produced by the movement of the train. Therefore, in order to manage PM in the platform area, a specialized management plan for places with particularly high PM concentration within the platform area is required. In addition, it is necessary to evaluate the effect created by the draught produced by train movement when selecting locations for measuring indoor air quality.
생활계 오염원의 유기물 및 암모니아성 질소 배출특성 평가
한송희 ( Song Hee Han ),김요용 ( Yo Yong Kim ),성연국 ( Yeon Gook Sung ),박익범 ( Ik Beom Park ),조덕희 ( Deok Hee Cho ),남우경 ( Woo Kyung Nam ),김창규 ( Chang Gyu Kim ),오조교 ( Jo Kyo Oh ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.4
The purpose of this research was to suggest the water quality improvement in streams by evaluating the distribution characteristics of organics and ammonia nitrogen discharged by pollution sources from human living. The public sewage treatment plants’(PSTPs) effluents and the waters from streams in Gyeonggi-do were sampled and analyzed. Nitrogenous oxygen demand (NOD) was measured for the stream waters as well as the PSTPs effluents, and the correlations of NOD and NH3-N, NH3-N and water temperature in the PSTPs effluents were confirmed. In the case of the stream waters, the ratios of NOD to BOD and NH3-N increased in the downstream sites after discharging the PSTPs effluents. As a result of statistical analysis of NH3-N concentrations for the national water quality monitoring streams in Gyeonggi-do, NH3-N showed the non-normal distribution which were biased to the left, but showed the considerable level because of higher coefficient of variation. Therefore, it is required to establish the water quality standard for the NH3-N as a new parameter for judging the quality of the streams. In addition, inducing complete nitrification and introducing a logical standard setting system are needed to improve the water quality of streams by identifying distribution of the nitrogen components from PSTPs effluents.
Cu2+, Al3+, Zn2+이 활성슬러지에 미치는 저해영향 평가
김창규 ( Chang Gyu Kim ),김요용 ( Yo Yong Kim ),박익범 ( Ik Beom Park ),송진호 ( Jin Ho Song ),남우경 ( Woo Kyong Nam ),한송희 ( Song Hee Han ),김복준 ( Bok Jun Kim ),오조교 ( Jo Gyo Oh ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.2
In this study, the inhibitory effect of toxic metals was investigated on the activated sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant. The allowable concentration of toxic metals was also estimated for the stable operation of the biological treatment process. The single and mixture toxicity of Cu2+, Al3+ and Zn2+ were evaluated for the activated sludge microorganisms. As a result, nitrifying microorganisms were more susceptible than heterotrophic microorganisms. IC10 (Inhibition Concentration of 10%) of Cu2+, Al3+ and Zn2+ for the nitrifying microorganisms was 3 mg/L, 7 mg/L and 25 mg/L, respectively. The mixture toxicity showed three times more sensitive than the single toxicity. The concentrations of Cu2+, Al3+ and Zn2+ to minimize the inhibitory effect on organic matter removal and nitrification in batch experiments were found to be 1.3 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L and 6.3 mg/L.