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일반 현미경용 유리에 증착시킨 Indium - Tin Oxide 박막의 제작 및 특성
김여중(Y. J. Kim),조길호(K. H. Cho) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2000 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.9 No.1
상용 유리 기판 위에 rf-magnetron 스퍼터링을 이용하여 Indium-Tin Oxide(ITO) 박막을 증착시켰다. 기판의 온도는 300℃ 및 500℃, 산소 분압을 2, 3, 5%로하여 두께 2,000~2,400 Å이 되도록 증착시킨 ITO 박막의 특성을 Spectrophotometer, XRD, SEM, AFM 및 4-point probe, Hall effect 측정장치을 이용하여 분석하였다. 최적의 증착 조건은 기판 온도 500℃, 산소 분압 2~3%이었다. 이때 ITO 박막은 투과도 91%, 비저항 5.4×10^(-3)Ω㎝, 전하농도 l.0×10^(19) ㎝-³, 전하 이동도 150㎠/Vsec를 나타내었다. 또한 박막의 결정성은 (400) 및 (222) 방향이 주종을 이루었다. 기판을 사전 열처리 벚 화학 세척을 하지않고 단순히 초음파 세척만을 해 주었을 때, 투과도는 86%, 전하농도는 5.4×10^(19) ㎝-³, 전하이동도는 24 ㎠/Vsec인 ITO 박막을 얻을수 있었다. Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on the commercial glass substrate by rf-magnetron sputtering. The ITO films with the thickness of 2,000~2,400 Å were prepared by changing the oxygen partial pressures of 2, 3, and 5%, as well as by changing the substrate temperature of 300℃ and 500℃. Spectrophotometer, XRD, SEM, AFM, 4-point probe and Hall effect system were employed to characterize the ITO films. The optimum deposition conditions were the substrate temperature of 500℃ and oxygen partial pressure of 2-3%. At these conditions, the ITO film showed the transmittance of 91%, the resistivity of 5.4×10^(-3) Ω-㎝, the carrier concentration of 10×10^(19)㎝-³, and the carrier mobility of 150 ㎠/Vsec. In XRD spectra, the (222) and (400) In₂O₃ planes were dominant under the optimum deposition conditions. When the substrate was cleaned only by the method of ultrasonic cleaning without both pre-annealing and chemical treatment of the substrate, the ITO film exhibited the transmittance of 86%, the carrier concentration of 5.4×10^(19)㎝-³ and the mobility of 24 ㎠/Vsec.
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국방획득제도 임차 활성화 방안에 관한 연구(임차 경제성 평가를 중심으로)
조인구,김여중,신영환 한국방위산업학회 2017 韓國防衛産業學會誌 Vol.24 No.2
The purpose of this study is to examine the usefulness of leasing system, one of the methods of acquisition of national defense and to suggest the application of the lease system utilizing the economic evaluation methods and application methods. Although it is written stipulated to choose leasing than purchasing if it may be economically advantageous, specific evaluation standards to assess economic evaluation are not yet established. To solve such problem, this study suggests some issues that could be applied to our military by analyzing domestic and international lease cases. This study suggests equipment life, equipment operating rate, operating maintenance cost as components of lease system economic evaluation. For the operating maintenance cost, which has limitations in correct calculations, this study has referred to the US audit report (2003) and applied the equipment life cost as 72%. The study suggests ①R&D(research development) plus(+) Lease, ②Purchase plus(+) Lease acquisition methods to maximize the advantages of lease system. 국방획득방법 중의 하나인 임차제도의 유용성을 알아보고, 효율적인 임차제도 적용을 위한 경제적 평가 방안 및 획득제도 활용방안을 제시하였다. 훈령 상 임차는 구매 보다 경제성이 유리한 경우로 규정되어 있으나, 경제성 평가를 판단하기 위한 구체적인 평가 기준은 미 정립되어 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해 임차제도의 개념, 국ㆍ내외 임차 사례를 통해 임차제도의 유용성과 우리 군에 주는 시사점을 제시하였다. 임차경제성 평가요소로 장비수명, 장비가동률, 운용유지비를 선정하여 임차 경제성 평가 방법을 수식으로 제시 하였다. 운용유지비용은 산출이 어려운 점을 감안하여 미 회계감사원 보고서(2003년)를 참고하였고 수명주기비용을 72%로 적용하였다. 임차제도의 장점을 최대한 활용하기 위한 획득 방안으로 국방획득 제도의 융합형태인 ①연구개발+임차, ②구매+임차 획득방안을 제시하였다.
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김성국,김여중 한국방위산업학회 2016 韓國防衛産業學會誌 Vol.23 No.2
본 연구는 함정 건조를 통해 우리나라 조선업의 경쟁력을 강화하기 위한 목적으로 시도되었다. 함정은 여러 가지 무기체계를 통합하여 복합된 성능을 발휘하는 고부가가치 선박이다. 일반적으로 동일한 조선소에서 상선과 함정을 함께 생산하고 있다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 한국 조선업의 수출경쟁력 및, 시장점유율, 현시비교우위, 무역특화지수 분석을 수행하였다. HS89(선박) 및 HS8906.10(함정)의 데이터를 UN Comtrade와 ITC의 데이터베이스에서 추출하여 분석하였다. 이 연구에서 HS8906.10(함정)의 자료를 분석결과 프랑스의 세계시장점유율(87.63 %), RCA(24.9964), TSI(0.352)로 세계 최고이며 네덜란드와 러시아가 뒤를 잇고 있다. 한국의 경우 시장점유유(1.29 %), RCA(0.0009), TSI(1)로 수출 전문화 되어 있다. 분석결과 한국의 조선업은 상선 건조 분야에서 세계적인 경쟁력을 갖추고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 한국 조선업이 함정 분야에서도 수출 경쟁력을 갖추게 되는 것은 어렵지 않을 것으로 판단된다. This study is intended to help strengthen the competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry through the ability to construct warships. Warships or naval ships encompass a wide variety of weapon systems and equipment which should play the integrated performance through system integration. Shipbuilders are producing merchant ships and warships at the same shipyard. This paper analyzes export competitive power of Korean shipbuilding industry and comparison of Market Share, Revealed Comparative Analysis Index(RCA), and Trade Specialization Index(TSI). The HS89(ships) and HS8906.10(warship) data are collected from UN Comtrade and International Trade Center and indexes are calculated by author. This study analyses the present state and data in the exports of Warship(HS8906.10). In the case of 2015, the results show that the world market share(87.63%), RCA index(24.9964) and TSI index(0.352) of the France constitutes the largest in the world, and Netherlands and Russian Federation are following. The market share of Korean HS8906.10 is little market share(1.29%), the RCA index(0.0009) is in the state of small comparative advantage, TSI index(1) is in the state of absolute export specialization. Korea's merchant vessel shipbuilding industry has global competitiveness. Therefore, it will not be difficult to gain export competitiveness in a warship.
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김성국,김여중 한국방위산업학회 2018 韓國防衛産業學會誌 Vol.25 No.4
This paper is intended to support and strengthen the international competitiveness of naval shipbuilding companies. Warships are composed of hull and weapon systems, so most shipbuilders build merchant ships and warships in the same shipyards. The export competitiveness of the Korean Warship (HS8906.10) was examined considering the importance of exporting the ship and comparing warships of the United States, Netherlands and South Korea. The method used was to analyze the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Trade Specialization Index (TSI). The results show that in South Korea, competitiveness has become very high recently, and exports are rapidly increasing. In the case of the Netherlands, there remains a high level of export competitiveness, but its level has recently declined. The United States has a low level of export competitiveness but it has the world's strongest shipbuilding technology. It is highly competitive in the domestic naval shipbuilding rather than in exporting warships. 본 연구는 해군 함정 건조 조선소의 국제경쟁력을 강화하기 위하여 진행된 논문이다. 해군 함정은 선체와 무기시스템이 복합된 것이기 때문에 일반적으로 함정과 상선은 동일한 조선소에서 건조된다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라를 중심으로 미국, 네덜란드를 함께 비교하면서 함정(HS8906.10)의 수출경쟁력을 분석하였다. 이 연구에서는 현시비교우위(RCA) 및 무역특화도 지수(TSI) 분석방법을 활용하였다. 분석결과 한국의 경우에는 최근 들어서 경쟁력이 아주 높아져가고 있으며 수출도 급증하고 있다. 반면에 네덜란드는 수출경쟁력은 높은 편이지만 최근 들어서 그 수준이 낮아져가고 있다. 세계 최강의 함정 건조기술을 보유하고 있는 미국은 수출은 거의하지 않고 내수 위주의 함정건조를 진행하고 있다는 것을 확인하였다.
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마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용한 Indium-Tin Oxide 박막의 제작과 그 특성에 관한 연구
조길호,김여중,김성종,문경만,이명훈 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.24 No.6
Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) films were prepared on the commercial glass substrate by the Magnetron Sputtering method. The target was a 90wt.% $In_2O_3$-10wt.% $SnO_2$with 99.99% purity. The ITO films deposited by changing the partial pressure of oxygen gas ($O_2$/(Ar+$O_2$)) of 2, 3 and 5% as well as by changing the substrate temperature of $300^{\circ}C$ or $500^{\circ}C$. The influence of substrate pre-annealing and pre-cleaning on the quality of ITO film were examined, in which the substrate temperature was $500^{\circ}C$ and oxygen partial pressure was 3%. The characteristics of films were examined by the 4-point probe, Hall effect measurement system, SEM, AFM, Spectrophotometer, and X-ray diffraction. The optimum ITO films have been obtained when the substrate temperature is $500^{\circ}C$ and oxygen partial pressure is 3%. At optimum condition, the film showed transmittance of 81%, sheet resistivity of $226\Omegatextrm{cm}^2$, resistivity($\rho$) of $5.4\times10^{-3}\Omega$cm, carrier concentration of $1.0\times10^{19}cm^{-3}$, and carrier mobility of $150textrm{cm}^2$Vsec. From XRD spectrum, c(222) plane was dominant in the case of substrate temperature at $300^{\circ}C$, without regarding to oxygen partial pressure. However, in the case of substrate temperature at $500^{\circ}C$, c(400) plane was grown together with c(222) plane, only for oxygen partial pressure of 2 and 3%. In both case of chemical and ultrasonic cleaning without pre-annealing the substrate, it showed much almost same sheet resistivity, resistivity($\rho$), transmittance, carrier concentration, and carrier mobility. In case of $500^{\circ}C$/60min pre-annealing before ITO film deposited, both transimittance and carrier mobility are better than no pre-annealing, because pre-annealing is supposed to remove alkari ions diffusion from substrate. ITO film deposited on the Corning 0080 sybstrate showed a little bit better sheet resistivity, resistivity($\rho$), transimittance, carrier concentration than the film deposited on commercial glass. But no differences between Corning substrate and pre-annealed commercial glass substrate are found.
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금속 이온빔 직접 증착 기법을 이용한 Indium-Tin Oxide 박막 제작 및 그 특성에 관한 연구
조길호,김여중 陸軍士官學校 1998 한국군사학논집 Vol.54 No.-
Indium-Tim Oxide(ITO) films are one of the widely used transparent conducting oxide films. ITO films are sputter-deposited by the Direct Metal Ion Beam Deposition(DMIBD) technique. Transparancy, sheet resistance and crystallinity of the films are investigated. The optimum ITO films have been obtained when the vacuum is maintained at 1×10^-4torr after introducing oxygen gas into chamber but the substrate temperature is room temperature. The same optimum ITO films have been obtamed when the vacuum at 1×10^-5torr(without oxygen injection) as well as the substrate temperature at 500℃ are maintained. Both cases showed 85% of transparancy and 180Ω/ㅁ of sheet resistance. The former case(RT and 1×10^-4torr) showed the film structure to be amorphous and the latter case(500℃ and 1×10^-5torr) showed a distinct (222) peak structure from XRD measurement.
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