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김언호,조은형,민석기,곽태진,강호석,임승택,김기정,이기혁 한국생활환경학회 2019 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.26 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of sports injury and to provide basic data for injury prevention in elite squash players, survey was classified into injured part, number of injuries, training time, squash career length and the injury prevention during training. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, independent t-test measures and χ² test using the SPSS program to verify differences in gender and age. College and adult squash players (CA) experienced statistically significant injury (p<.01) than middle and high school players (MH). Ankle and waist injuries had the highest rate in total groups (18.05%; 17.56%). The number of injury and training time of CA were significantly higher than MH (p<.001; p<.01) in players who experienced injury. However, the number of injuries had no significant correlation with training time. There was a statistically significant difference in career length between CA group and MH group (p<.001) in players who experienced injury. Injury prevention measures indicated that the warm up and cool down period had the highest rate (36.36%) in all total groups. These results suggest that older or more experienced squash players should be more careful in preventing injuries, and the development of specific warm-up and cool-down program and squash specific training program should be studied to prevent injuries for elite squash players.
대구 버스준공영제 도입과정의 정책네트워크 특성 -정책행위자의 이익경쟁적 쟁점과 활동을 중심으로-
김언호,김렬 대한정치학회 2011 大韓政治學會報 Vol.19 No.2
This study analyzes the process of policy decisions on the quasi-public bus transit system of the Daegu Metropolitan City. The network approach is adopted in order to study the role of policy actors and their links in the policy-making process of the new urban transit system. Empirically, the analysis focuses on how the nature of the policy network affects the contents of the ‘Quasi-Public Bus Transit System’ in the Daegu Metropolitan Region. The research finds that ① a variety of actors such as city government/council, bus drivers labor unions, bus transport enterprise associations, and non-governmental organizations(NGOs) had taken on an active role in the process, ② they had formally and informally interacted with each other to resolve their different views on the contents of the new transit system, ③ the policy network has emerged as an important part of the governance structure in the local policy-making process, and ④ we should understand the importance of interactions, cooperation and interdependence among various actors in the policy-making process. 본 연구는 대구광역시 시내버스 준공영제 도입과정에 있어서 정책네트워크 특성을분석하고 있다. 시내버스 파업 이후 준공영제가 도입되는 과정에 참여한 행위자들은 누구이며 각각 어떤 역할을 하였고, 이들 간에 어떠한 상호작용이 이루어졌으며, 그 결과 준공영제라는 정책산물이 만들어진 다양한 네트워크적 특성을 파악한다. 정책행위자의 이익경쟁적 쟁점과 활동을 중심으로 준공영제 도입과정의 특성을 살펴보면, 첫째 정책결정과정에서 각 행위자의 이해관계적 역할과 영향력에 있어서 변화가 나타났다. 초기 준공영제 채택을 결정하는 과정에서 노동조합과 운송사업조합이 가장 강력한 행위자로서 역할을 수행하였으나, 버스개혁시민위원회에서 구체적인 정책내용을 결정하는 과정에서는 대구시, 노동조합, 운송사업조합, 시민단체 등이 대체적 동등성을 견지하였다고 판단된다. 둘째, 각 행위자는 이해관계에 따라 독자적 혹은 연계적으로 상호작용을 전개하였다. 특히 시민단체에 의한 주민감사청구, 의견서, 토론회, 서명운동 등 권력수준 및 대중수준으로 정보흐름이 매우 활발하게 이루어진 점이 두드러진다. 셋째, 정책행위자들은 공식적으로 버스개혁시민위원회를 통해 각 쟁점별로 서로 다른 연계활동을 수행하고 다양한 비공식적 연계행위를 병행함으로써 준공영제의 구체적인 내용을 협의ㆍ조정하게 되었다.