두부 전방 정도와 경추 추간판 탈출증 발생 부위의 상관성 분석

김신웅,김세준,손슬기,동상옥,이재철,신동재,Kim, Shin-Woong,Kim, Se-Jun,Son, Seol-Ki,Dong, Sang-Oak,Lee, Jae-Chul,Shin, Dong-Jae 척추신경추나의학회 2013 척추신경추나의학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Objectives : The present study examines the domestic trend of Chuna treatments on lumbar spinal disorder in Korea. Methods : We investigated the studies on Chuna treatments for lumbar spinal disorder via searching 10 Korean web databases. As a result, 63 research papers were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, the types of study, the techniques of Chuna, the instruments for assessment, the Chuna technique and the number of the treatment trials by the cases of lumbar spinal disorder and ethical approvals. Results : The number of the research papers published tends to increase every year. The studies on Chuna treatments were mainly published in The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine for Spine & Nerves. The most frequently adopted technique of Chuna in the examined studies was Cox flexion & distraction technique. Visual analogue scale(VAS), oswestry disability questionnaire(ODI) were used as primary means of assessments. The ethical problems of the examined studies needed to be improved. Conclusion : Reviewing the domestic trend of studies on Chuna treatments for lumbar spinal disorder and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the future studies. It is anticipated that this review benefits the future in-depth study on the treatments for Chuna in Korean medicine.

An Integer-N PLL Frequency Synthesizer Design for The 900MHz UHF RFID Application

김신웅,김영식,Kim, Sin-Woong,Kim, Young-Sik Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Scienc 2009 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.4 No.4

본 논문은 전하펌프와 클록트리거 회로를 사용하는 프리스케일러가 포함된 UHF RFID 응용을 위한 900MHz Integer-N 방식의 주파수 합성기를 소개한다. 쿼드러처 출력이 가능한 전압제어발진기와 프리스케일러, 위상주파수검출기와 전하펌프 및 아날로그 고정 검출기는 0.35-${\mu}m$ CMOS 공정으로 설계되었다. 주파수 분주기는 verilog-HDL 모듈을 통해 설계되었으며 mixed-mode 시뮬레이션을 통해 디자인을 검증하였다. 전압제어발진기의 동작 주파수영역은 828MHz에서 960MHz이고 위상이 90도 차이나는 쿼드러처 신호를 출력한다. 시뮬레이션 결과로 위상잡음은 100KHz offset 주파수에서 -102dBc/Hz 이었으며, 고착시간은 896MHz에서 928MHz까지 32MHz step을 천이할 때 4us이다. This paper presents an Integer-N phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer using a novel prescaler based on a charge pump and clock triggering circuit. A quadrature VCO has been designed for the 900MHz UHF RFID application. In this circuit, a voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO), a novel Prescaler, phase frequency detector(PFD), charge pump(CP), and analog lock detector(ALD) have been integrated with 0.35-${\mu}m$CMOS process. The integer divider has been developed with a verilog-HDL module, and the PLL mixed mode simulation has been performed with Spectre-Verilog co-simulator. The sweep range of VCO is designed from 828 to 960 MHz and the VCO generates four phase quadrature signals. The simulation results show that the phase noise of VCO is -102dBc/Hz at 100 KHz offset frequency, and the maximum lock-in time is about 4us with 32MHz step change (from 896 to 928 MHz).

A-site Non-stoichiometry Effects on the Dielectric and the Piezoelectric Properties of Pb-free (Na_(0.50+x)Li_(0.03+y)K_(0.47))(Nb_(0.8)Ta_(0.2))O_3 Ceramics

김신웅,이태화,이정훈,성연수,조종호,송태권,김명호,M. S. Kim,J. S. Song 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.31

The effects of A-site non-stoichiometry were investigated in (Na_(0.50+x)Li_(0.03+y)K_(0.47))(Nb_(0.8)Ta_(0.2))O_3 (NLKNT) piezoelectric ceramics prepared by using a solid state reaction method. The content of Na was controlled to be -0.04 ≤ x ≤ +0.04 while the content of Li was controlled to be -0.02 ≤ y ≤ +0.02. A perovskite structure was maintained at all compositions although an impurity phase started forming in the case of x < 0 and y = 0. A polymorphic phase transition temperature between the orthorhombic and the tetragonal phases (T_(O−T)) was observed to vary with both Na and Li non-stoichiometry. The highest piezoelectric coefficient (d_(33)) of 200 pC/N was obtained in the case of x = 0 and y = +0.01, for which T_(O−T) was around room temperature.

로지스틱 회귀 분석을 이용한 고관절 내회전 각도와 단분절 요추 추간판 탈출증 발생 부위의 상관성 분석

김신웅 ( Shin Woong Kim ),남항우 ( Hang Woo Nam ),김세준 ( Se Jun Kim ),손슬기 ( Seol Ki Son ),김종수 ( Jong Su Kim ),정재현 ( Jai Hyeon Chung ),윤영웅 ( Young Ung Yun ),최영준 ( Young Jun Choi ),문병헌 ( Byung Heon Moon ),유수빈 한방재활의학과학회 2014 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the hip in-ternal rotation angle and the site of herniation of single level lumbar intervertebral disc.MethodsThis study was carried out to 418 patients with lumbar disc herniation diag-nosed by M.R.I, who visited Bu-Chun Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine with low back pain. Researchers measured their hip internal rotation angle and analyzed the relationship between the hip internal rotation angle and the site of herniation of single level lumbar inter-vertebral disc.Results1. Excessive right internal rotation of hip joint increases risk of L5/S1 HIVD. 2. Limited left internal rotation of hip joint decreases risk of L4/L5 HIVD. 3. In cases of L4/L5 HIVD level, there was evidence that the prevalence of HNP in men was 1.85 times as higher than that in women. 4. In cases of L5/S1 HIVD level, there was the evidence that the preva-lence of HNP in men was 0.64 times as lower than that in women.ConclusionsIn single-segment lumbar HIVD patients, limited left internal rotation of hip joint decreases risk of HIVD of L4/5 and excessive right internal rotation of hip joint mainly leads to L5/S1 HIVD. (J Korean Med Rehab 2014;24(4):117-127)

퍼지논리를 기반으로 한 웹 문서의 효율적인 검색 기법

김신웅(Sinwung Kim),허연(Yeon Hur),김성호(Sungho Kim),김용성(Yongsung Kim) 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.2B

인터넷 서비스의 급속한 발달로 인해 사용자의 정보요구에 적합한 웹 페이지를 찾는다는 것이 매우 어려운 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 수많은 정보들을 손쉽게 접하고 이용할 수 있도록 온톨로지를 기반으로 한 퍼지논리와 시그모이드 소속함수를 이용하여 사용자에게 보다 정확하고 적합한 문서를 검색할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.

요추 전만 각도 및 요추 추간판 각도와 요추 척추관 협착증의 상관관계에 관한 연구

김종수 ( Jong Su Kim ),손슬기 ( Seul Ki Son ),김세준 ( Se Jun Kim ),김신웅 ( Shin Woong Kim ),정승현 ( Seong Hyun Jeong ),김태호 ( Tae Ho Kim ),정연재 ( Yeon Jae Jeong ),김효섭 ( Hyo Sub Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2014 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to find out clinical and radiological correlation be-tween lumbar lordotic angle, lumbar intervertebral disc angle and lumbar spinal stenosis.MethodsTotal 250 patients` who had visited Bu-Chun Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine lumbar lordotic angle, intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 and dural sac dimension of L4/5 were measured by X-ray and MRI films. We analysed correlation between lumbar lor-dotic angle, intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 and lumbar spinal stenosis in terms of clinical and radiological aspect.Results1. The mean intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 were 10.72±3.98o, the mean lum-bar lordotic angle were 41.97±11.73o and the mean dural sac dimension of L4/5 were 133.18±45.46 mm2. 2. This study shows that dural sac dimension of L4/5 was inversely reated to intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 by statistically (p<0.05). 3. There was visible dif-ference regarding intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 between patients who had been diag-nosed with lumbar spinal stenosis by clinically and patients who had not been diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis by clinically; The former`s angle was relatively higher than the latter`s (p<0.05).ConclusionsThere was a statistical significance between intervertebral disc angle of L4/5 and lumbar spinal stenosis in single-segment. (J Korean Med Rehab 2014;24(4): 129-136)

유착방지제의 응용을 위한 가시광 경화형 Carrageenan 유도체의 제조

김재원(Jae-Won Kim),김은혜(Eun-Hye Kim),한가득(Ga-Dug Han),노승현(Seung-Hyun Noh),김신웅(Shin-Woong Kim),최창순(Chang-sun Choi),나재운(Jae-woon Nah),김태연(Tae-Yeon Kim),손태일(Tae-Il Son) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.3

유착방지제를 개발하기 위해 천연고분자인 K-Carrageenan을 이용하여 가시광 경화형 carrageenan 유도체(FCm-Carrageenan)를 제조하였다. Carrageenan은 생분해성, 생체적합성 등과 같은 특성을 가진 천연고분자이다. Riboflavin은 무독성, 생체적합성을 가지는 천연 광개시제이다. Riboflavin은 가시광 경화형 carrageenan 유도체에 광경화를 유도한다. ¹H NMR(proton nuclear magnetic resonance), GPC(gel permeation chromatography) 분석을 통하여 F-Cm-Carrageenan이 제조된 것을 확인하였으며 가시광 조사시간에 따른 광경화 정도를 판단하기 위해서 광경화실험을 진행하였다. 또한 유착방지제로 응용가능 여부를 판단하기 위해서 세포독성 실험, 유착방지 실험, 세포투과 실험을 진행하였다. 따라서 가시광 경화형 carrageenan 유도체는 새로운 형태의 유착방지제로서 응용될 수 있다고 사료된다. To develop anti-adhesion agent using photo-reaction, visible light curable carrageenan derivatives (F-Cm-Carrageenan) was prepared by using K-Carrageenan which is natural polymer. Carrageenan is a natural polymer having properties such as bio-degradability and bio-compatibility. Riboflavin is a non-toxic, bio-compatible natural photo-initiator. Riboflavin induces photo-crosslinking in visible light-curing carrageenan derivatives. ¹H NMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance) and GPC (gel permeation chromatography) analysis were conducted to confirm that F-Cm-Carrageenan was prepared. Photo-curing test was conducted to determine the degree of photo-curing with visible light irradiation time. To evaluate the applicability as an anti-adhesion agent, cytotoxicity test, anti-adhesion test and cell penetration test were conducted. Therefore, it is considered that the visible light curable carrageenan derivatives can be applied as a new type of anti-adhesion agent.

국내 담수 서식종 Daphnia galeata를 이용한 나노플라스틱의 독성평가

김신웅(Shin Woong Kim  ),Rongxue Cui,안윤주(Youn-Joo An) 환경독성보건학회 2017 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.10

냉전의 기원론에 (起源論) 대한 일고찰

김신웅 ( Chin Ung Kim ) 역사교육학회 1984 역사교육논집 Vol.6 No.1

자외선에 노출된 광반응성 나노물질의 생태독성 연구

김신웅(Shin Woong Kim),이우미(Woo Mi Lee),신유진(Yu Jin Shin),안윤주(Youn Joo An) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.1

현대산업에서 나노기술의 이용성이 증가되면서 나노물질이 가질 수 있는 잠재적인 위해성에 대한 관심이 증가되고 있 는 추세이다. 나노물질은 다양한 경로를 통해 환경으로 유출되고 있으며, 수생태계로 유출된 나노물질은 태양광에 포함된 자 외선에 노출될 개연성이 높다. 광반응성 나노물질은 광활성 조건에서 생태독성이 변화할 가능성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 광반응성 나노물질이 생태계에서 자외선에 노출되었을 때 유발될 수 있는 생태독성 변화에 대한 연구동향을 파악하고자, 수서 및 토양생물을 대상으로 가용한 모든 자료를 조사하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 조사된 광반응성 나노물질은 zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, 그리고 fullerene이었으며, 미생물, 지렁이, 토양선충, 조류, 그리고 어류 등을 대상으로 한 나노물질 생태독성연구를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 자외선에 노출된 나노물질의 광독성영향에 대한 연구는 현재까지 매우 부족한 상태로, 현재까지 발표된 나노물질에 대한 광독성 연구는 8개였고, 일부 연구에서는 광반응성 나노물질의 광이온화와 나노물질로부터 용출된 이온독성을 함께 제시하였다. 광반응성 나노물질은 생체 내에서 산소활성종 생성을 유발하고 산화스트레스를 증가시 키는 것으로 확인되었다. As nanotechnology is a key industry, there is growing concern relating to the potential risk of nanoparticles. They are known to be released into the environment via various exposure routes. When nanoparticles are present in water environments, they are supposed to be illuminated by ultraviolet light, and the ecotoxicity of photoactive nanoparticles may be changed. In this study, a review of the ecotoxicity of photoactive nanoparticles, including the mechanisms of phototoxicity, are presented. In order to address this issue, studies on the ecotoxicity to soil and water organisms exposed to photoactive nanoparticles were investigated. The photoactive nanoparticles chosen for this study were zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and fullerene. Microorganisms, nematode, earthworm, algae and fish, etc., were chosen to assess the toxicity of nanoparticles using diverse methods. However, studies on the phototoxicity potentially induced by nanoparticles on UV illumination have been reviewed in only 8 studies. From a few studies, photoactive nanoparticles have shown high dissolution rates under UV conditions, with the released ions observed to profoundly influence test organisms. In addition, NPs exposed to UV produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS can induce oxidative stress in exposed organisms. Evidence of phototoxicity by nanoparticles were found based on previous studies.