In Vitro Study on the Bond Strength Between 3D-Printed Resin and Resin Cement for Pediatric Crown Restoration

김소영,신유석,김익환,송제선,So Yung Kim,Yoosoek Shin,Ik-Hwan Kim,Je Seon Song Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry 2023 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.50 No.1

A 3D-printed resin crown is a novel option for esthetic crown restoration for primary teeth, which are typically bonded with resin cement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bonding ability of a 3D printing resin and compare it with other indirect resin materials for crown fabrication. The shear bond strengths of two 3D printing resin materials, Graphy (GP) and NextDent (NXT), and two indirect resin materials, VIPI Block (VIPI) and MAZIC Duro (MZ), were compared in the study. For all materials, the shear bond strength at the interface between the surface of the resin material and resin cement was measured. The mean shear bond strength values of GP, NXT, MZ, and VIPI were 23.29 ± 3.88, 26.14 ± 4.67, 25.41 ± 4.03, and 18.79 ± 4.26 MPa, respectively. There was no significant difference among the SBSs of GP, NXT and MZ except for VIPI. The result of this study indicates that the 3D printing resin meets the essential requirement for clinical use by showing clinically adequate bond strength.

망막색소상피세포에서 감초 추출물의 산화적 스트레스에 의한 DNA 손상 및 apoptosis 유발의 차단 효과

김소영(So Young Kim),김정환(Jeong-Hwan Kim),김성옥(Sung Ok Kim),박세광(Seh-Kwang Park),정지원(Ji-Won Jeong),김미영(Mi-Young Kim),이혜숙(Hyesook Lee),정재훈(JaeHun Cheong),최영현(Yung Hyun Choi) 한국생명과학회 2019 생명과학회지 Vol.29 No.11

고령층 인구에서 노인성 황반변성(AMD)은 실명의 주요 원인 중 하나이며, 망막 항상성을 유지하는 망막색소상피(RPE) 세포의 산화적 스트레스에 의한 손상은 AMD의 발달에 기여한다. 감초는 한국을 포함한 아시아 국가의 다양한 질병 치료에 가장 널리 사용되는 약초 중 하나이다. 비록 감초는 다양한 실험 모델에서 항산화 효능이 있는 것으로 알려져 있지만, 망막색소상피세포의 손상에 대한 보호 기전은 알려진 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 ARPE-19 인간 망막색소상피에서 과산화수소(H₂O₂)에 의해 유도된 산화적 손상에 대한 감초 에탄올 추출물의 효능을 평가하였다. 본 결과에 의하면 감초 추출물은 Nrf2 및 HO-1의 발현을 유도하면서 H₂O₂에 의한 ROS의 생성을 유의적으로 차단하였다. 또한 감초 추출물은 H₂O₂에 의해 유도된 DNA 손상을 억제하였으며, 미토콘드리아 막 전위의 소실을 약화시켰다. 그리고 감초 추출물 H₂O₂에 의한 caspase-3의 활성을 억제하면서 apoptosis 유도를 차단하였다. 이러한 결과는 감초 추출물이 DNA 손상을 억제하고 apoptosis를 감소시킴으로써 산화적 손상으로부터 망막색소상피세포를 보호할 수 있음을 의미한다. 비록 감초 추출물에 함유된 생리활성 성분들의 분석과 Nrf2-매개 HO-1 발현의 조절에 대한 추가 연구가 수행되어야 하지만, 감초 추출물은 AMD의 위험을 감소시킬 잠재력을 지니고 있음을 시사한다. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly population, and damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells due to oxidative stress contributes to the development of AMD. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer is one of the most widely used herbal medicines for the treatment of various diseases in Asian countries. Although recent studies indicated that treatment with G. uralensis can protect cells from oxidative stress, its mechanisms in RPE cells remain unknown. We evaluated the effect of a G. uralensis ethanol extract (GU) on H₂O₂-induced oxidative injury in ARPE-19 RPE cells. The GU pretreatment attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by H₂O₂, which was associated with induced expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). GU also suppressed H₂O₂-induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. The inhibitory effect of GU on H₂O₂-induced apoptosis was associated with the protection of caspase-3 activation. Overall, GU appeared to protect RPE cells from oxidative injury by inhibiting DNA damage and reducing apoptosis. Further studies are needed to determine the regulation of Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression, but our results suggest the possibility of using GU to reduce the risk of AMD.

인체 간암세포에서 비기환(肥氣丸), 대칠기탕(大七氣湯) 및 목향빈랑환(木香檳榔丸)의 항암 활성 비교

김소영(So Young Kim),홍수현(Su Hyun Hong),최성현(Sung Hyun Choi),정재훈(JaeHun Cheong),최영현(Yung Hyun Choi) 한국생명과학회 2020 생명과학회지 Vol.30 No.5

간암은 전 세계적으로 가장 높게 진단되는 암 중 하나이며, 방사선 및 화학 요법이 일반적으로 사용되는 치료법이지만 다양한 부작용은 치료 효과를 크게 제한한다. 따라서 전통 의학에서 사용되어 온 처방법은 이를 극복할 수 있는 대안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 동의보감에 기술되어 있는 3가지 한약 처방전(비기환, 대칠기탕 및 목향빈랑환)을 선택하여 인체 간암세포에 대한 항암 효과를 평가하였다. 간암세포에서 3가지 처방전의 에탄올 추출물의 세포 독성을 조사하기 위한 MTT 분석 결과, 비기환 추출물은 대칠기탕 및 목향빈랑환에 비하여 세포 생존력을 현저하게 억제하였다. 그리고, flow cytometry 분석의 결과에서 3가지 처방전 추출물에 의한 간암세포의 증식 억제가 apoptosis 및 autophagy 유도와 관련이 있었다. 특히, 비기환 추출물은 미토콘드리아의 기능을 크게 손상시켰으며 다른 두 처방전과 비교하여 mitophagy 유발 가능성을 보여주었다. 아울러 비기환 추출물은 LC3의 발현을 현저하게 증가시켰으며, 이는 Bcl-2의 발현 감소를 동반하는 반면, Bax의 발현에 영향을 미치지 않았다. PINK1의 발현 또한 비기환 추출물이 처리된 세포에서 매우 증가하였다. 나아가, autophagy 억제제는 3가지 처방 전 추출물 처리에 의한 세포 생존율 감소와 apoptosis 유도를 억제하였으며, 이러한 결과는 이들 처방전 추출물 처리에 의한 autophagy가 apoptosis 개시에 관여하고 있음을 보여주는 것이다. 결론적으로, 본 연구 결과는 비기환 추출물이 3가지 처방전 중에서 가장 높은 항암 활성을 보였으며, 비기환 추출물은 autophagy 유도제로서 간암세포의 증식을 억제함을 의미한다. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the word. Although radiation and chemotherapy are generally effective, there are various side effects that greatly limit the effectiveness of these treatments. Therefore, traditional herbs may have potential as important resources for the discovery of liver cancer therapeutics. In this study, we selected three Korean herbal medicine formulas from the Donguibogam, namely Bigihwan (BGH), Daechilgithang (DCGT), and Mokwhyangbinranghwan (MHBRH), and evaluated their anti-cancer effects on HCC cells. According to our results of three ethanol extracts, BGH was more effective at suppressing HCC growth than DCGT or MHBRH. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that inhibition of HCC proliferation by the three extracts was associated with the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. In particular, BGH significantly increased mitochondrial impairment and showed the possibility of inducing mitophagy in comparison with the other two extracts. BGH prominently upregulated the levels of microtubule- associated protein light chain-3 which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 without altering the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax. In addition, the levels of PTEN-induced kinase 1 were also markedly increased in BGH-treated HCC cells. Moreover, autophagy blocking improved cell viability and reduced apoptosis after the three treatments, indicating that autophagy by these extracts enhances HCC cells against cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our findings show that BGH demonstrates the highest anti-cancer activity among the three formulas and inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells through autophagy induction.

메타분석을 활용한 프로스포츠 구단 및 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)활동이 이미지에 미치는 영향력의 효과검증 : 구단, 기업 이미지를 중점으로

최경환(Choi, Kyung-Hwan),김소영(Kim, So-Yung),이정학(Lee, Jeoung-Hak) 한국체육과학회 2021 한국체육과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

This study found that social responsibility (CSR) activities of professional sports teams and companies are important lawyers who positively influence public perception. At a time when Corona 19 is facing difficulties in economic, social, and sports fields, we hope that it will lead to a change in the image of domestic demand, sports welfare, community cooperation, and problem solving is as follows. In order to objectively and comprehensively examine the social responsibility (CSR) activities of professional sports teams and companies, eight Korean academic journals and six academic papers were selected according to the selection criteria. Excel 2016, R program, and CMA3 are used for analysis, and the conclusion is as follows. Firstly, it was confirmed that the overall effect of social responsibility activities of professional sports teams and companies on the image is very large. Secondly, the impact on the image of social responsibility activities on the sub-factors (economy, charity, ethics, law) was greatest, followed by charitable, ethical, and legal factors. Third, there was a significant difference in the influence of social responsibility activities in the form of publication on the image. Fourth, there was a significant difference in the effectiveness of socially responsible activities by image type (company, baseball team, brand, team).

침지처리 및 열처리 조건이 연근의 관능적 특성 및 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향

이성철(Sung Chul Lee),김소영(So Young Kim),최선주(Sun Ju Choi),이인숙(In Suk Lee),정문영(Moon Yung Jung),양삼만(Sam Man Yang),채희정(Hee Jeong Chae) 한국식품과학회 2010 한국식품과학회지 Vol.42 No.1

연근 특유의 떫은 맛을 저감하기 위하여 건조, 침지처리 및 스팀처리 등의 다양한 가공조건에 따른 탄닌 함량의 변화와 관능적 특성을 검토하였다. 6가지 가공조건으로서 단순건조(D), 침지처리 후 건조(SK→D), 스팀처리 후 건조(ST→D), 단순건조 후 압력볶음(D→R), 침지건조 후 압력볶음(SK→D→R), 스팀건조 후 압력볶음(ST→D→R)을 실시한 후 가공조건별 떫은 맛의 주요성분인 탄닌 함량을 조사하고 관능검사를 실시하였다. 탄닌 함량은 스팀처리 후 건조(ST→D)한 연근에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 가공처리에 따른 연근의 관능평가를 실시한 결과 스팀처리(S→T)에 의해 떫은 맛이 감소하였고 압력볶음(R) 처리에 의해 구수한 맛이 증가하였다. 연근의 스팀처리에 의해서 탄닌 함량이 감소되었고 떫은 맛이 제거될 수 있었으며 압력볶음(R) 처리를 통해서는 다양한 향기성분의 발향을 통해 구수한 맛을 갖게 하여 관능적으로 우수한 특성을 얻을 수 있었다. 결과적으로 스팀건조 후 압력볶음(ST→D→R) 처리의 연근이 떫은 맛과 구수한 맛에서 가장 우수하였다. To reduce the astringent taste of lotus root, the effects of various treatment methods such as drying, soaking, steaming and roasting on the physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics were investigated. The following process conditions were selected: 1) drying (D), 2) soaking followed by drying (SK→D), 3) steaming followed by drying (ST→D), 4) drying followed by roasting (D→R), 5) soaking and then drying followed by roasting (SK→D→R), 6) steaming and then drying followed by roasting (ST→D→R). The tannin content of the lotus root was lowest when it was treated by steaming followed by drying (ST→D). The astringent taste of lotus root was reduced by steaming, and the roasted taste was improved by roasting in terms of sensory and flavor characteristics. Consequently, lotus root treated by steaming and then drying followed by roasting (ST→D→R) showed the highest preference with respect to astringent and roasted taste.

디자인 공동작업을 위한 웹사이트 개발사례

이강수(Lee Kang-su),천가원(Cheon Ga-won),박영식(Park Young-sik),김소영(Kim So-yung),정지홍(Jung Ji-hong),심준형(Shim Joon-hyung),이순인(Lee Soon-in) 한국디자인학회 2001 디자인학연구 Vol.- No.41

천식에서 항산화제의 인터루킨-18의 발현억제

정치량 ( Chi Ryang Chung ),홍윤경 ( Yun Kyung Hong ),김소영 ( So Young Kim ),최영훈 ( Yung Hun Choi ),나영균 ( Young Gyun Na ),박승용 ( Seung Yong Park ),황정환 ( Heong Hwan Hwang ),문희 ( Hee Moon ),오호준 ( Ho Jun Oh ),이석 ( 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2005 全北醫大論文集 Vol.29 No.2

Background: An alteration in the balance between a T-helper type 2 cell (Th2) response and a T-helper type 1 cell (Th1) response may predispose to the development of bronchial asthma. IL-18 has an ability to promote both Th1 and Th2 responses depending on the surrounding cytokine environment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Objective: An aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ROS on the regulation of IL-18 expression. Methods: We used a C57BL/6 mouse model of allergic asthma to examine effects of antioxidants on the regulation of IL-18 expression. Our present study with ovalbumin (OVA)- induced murine model of asthma revealed that ROS production in cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids was increased, and that administration of L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTC) or α-lipoic acid reduced the increased levels of ROS, the increased expression of IL-18 protein and mRNA, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Our results also showed that antioxidants down-regulated a transcription factor, nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) activity. Conclusion: These results indicate that antioxidants may inhibit LL-18 expression in asthma by inhibiting activity of NF-kB, and suggest that ROS regulate the LL-18 expression.

바이러스성 출혈성 패혈증 바이러스 NV 단백질에 의한 glucokinase 전사 활성의 억제

조미영(Mi Young Cho),황지연(Jee Youn Hwang),지보영(Bo Young Ji),박명애(Myoung Ae Park),성미소(Mi So Seong),김소영(So Young Kim),정예은(Ye Eun Jung),정재훈(Jae Hun Cheong),최영현(Yung Hyun Choi) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.12

바이러스성 출혈성 패혈증 바이러스(VHSV)는 넙치를 포함한 어류 양식의 막대한 피해를 일으키는 바이러스 병원체이며, VHSV가 생성하는 6개의 바이러스 단백질들 중에서 NV 단백질이 병원성에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. VHSV-감염 넙치를 이용한 전사체 마이크로 어레이의 선행 분석 결과에 의하면 VHSV 감염이 해당과정 효소들의 mRNA 발현을 억제함으로써 넙치 세포에서 ATP 생성을 감소시켰음을 알 수 있었다. 이들 결과를 토대로, 본 연구에서는 VHSV NV 단백질이 해당과정 효소인 glucokinase의 발현에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면, NV 단백질은 넙치 세포에서 glucokinase의 mRNA 발현을 감소시켰으며, 새롭게 동정한 glucokinase의 유전자 프로모터의 활성 실험결과, NV 단백질이 glucokinase의 프로모터 활성을 저해함을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 작용 결과들로 인하여 VHSV NV 단백질의 발현이 세포 내로의 포도당 흡수 또한 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과들은 VHSV NV 단백질이 유전자 발현의 전사 수준에서 음성적으로 해당과정의 효소 발현을 조절함을 의미하며, 결국 세포 내 에너지의 결핍으로 넙치의 폐사로 이어질 가능성을 보여주는 것이다. The viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), which belongs to the Novirhabdovirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family, is a viral pathogen that causes severe losses in the olive flounder farming industry. Among six encoding VHSV proteins, the non-virion (NV) protein has been shown to have an impact on virulence. In our previous studies, transcriptomics microarray analysis by using VHSV-infected olive flounder showed that VHSV infection significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of glycolytic enzymes. In addition, VHSV NV protein variants decreased the intracellular ATP level. Based on these results, we have tried to examine the effect of VHSV NV protein on glycolytic enzyme glucokinase expression, which phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. Our results indicated that the NV protein significantly decreased the mRNA expression of glucokinase in olive flounder HINAE cells. Furthermore, the NV protein played a negative role in the promoter activation of glucokinase. Furthermore, glucose uptake was effectively inhibited by VHSV infection and NV protein expression in olive flounder HINAE cells. These results suggest that the VHSV NV protein negatively regulates glycolytic enzyme expression by a transcription level and eventually leads to gradual morbidity of olive flounder through cellular energy deprivation. The present results may be useful for the prevention and diagnosis of VHSV infection in olive flounder.